DIMENSIONAL ANALYSIS uses conversion factors to convert from one unit to another. (Factor Label)
3 Big Mac = 7 salads
9 salads = 2 slices of pepperoni pizza
22 slices of pepperoni pizza = 27 Sonic cokes
Ex. 1) What number of Big Macs equal 365.4 salads?
Ex. 2) How many sonic cokes do you have to drink to equal 11 salads?
UNITS OF MEASUREMENT
_______________ is the amount of matter, ________________ is a measure of the gravitational pull on matter.
United States recognizes 2 systems:
1. Standard system: mile, quart, Fahrenheit
2. Metric system: meter, liter, Celsius (This is the internationally accepted system)
SI UNITS
Prefix
Tera
Mega
Kilo
Hecto
Deka
BASE UNIT
Deci
Centi
Milli
Micro
Nano
Pico
Atto
Symbol
T
M
k
H or h
da or D
Scientific notation
1 x 10-12
1 x 10-6
1 x 10-3
1 x 10-2
1 x 10-1
1 x 100 or 1
1 x 101
1 x 102
1 x 103
1 x 106
1 x 109
1 x 1012
1 x 1018
d
c
m
u
n
p
a
Practice: In each pair below, circle the larger
a. millimeter
centimeter
b. picometer
micrometer
c. kilogram
hectogram
d. deciliter
milliliter
Some useful conversions
Weight:
Volume:
Length:
1 kg = 2.2 lbs
1 cm3 = 1 mL
1 in = 2.54 cm
1 lb = 16 oz
1 L = 1.06 qt
1 mi = 5280 ft
1 ton = 2000 lbs
Example
Terasecond (Ts)
megajoule (MJ)
kilometer (km)
hectoliter (hL)
dekagram (Dg)
Look at base units
decimole (dmol)
centimeter (cm)
millimole (mmol)
microgram (ug)
nanosecond (ns)
picojoule (pJ)
attoliter (aL)
1 s = 1 x 10-12 Ts
1 J = 1 x 10-6 MJ
1 m = 1 x 10-3 km
1 L = 1 x 10-2 hL
1 g = 1 x 10-1 Dg
See chart below
1mol = 1 x 101 dmol
1 m = 1 x 102 cm
1 mol = 1 x 103 mmol
1 g = 1 x 106 ug
1 s = 1 x 109 ns
1 J = 1 x 1012 pJ
1 L = 1 x 1018 aL
Basic SI Units
Quantity
Length
Mass
Time
Volume
Temperature
Amount of substance
Heat & Energy
Base unit
meter (m)
gram (g)
second (s)
Liter (L)
Kelvin (K) or Celsius (C)
mole (mol)
joule (J)
Ex. 3) 2.435 g __________________cg
Ex. 4) 23.8 mL = ________________kL
Ex. 5) 23.5 cs = ________________ns
Ex. 6) 77.06 ft = ________________um
Ex. 7) 17 in3 = ________________ cm3