AP Euro-Lively
Unit 9: Imperialism and the Great War
Chapters 26/27 (McKay) Study Guide
Directions: Part I of the study guide will not be assessed as part of the Study Guide grade; however, it
is a crucial component of the Course Notebook grade. You are required to provide a 2-3 sentence
identification of each term that appears below. This identification should include a basic definition of
the term (who, what, where, when) and also a statement of significance (So what?). After each unit,
you should print these terms and place them in your Course Notebook. At times, I will ask you to bring
these notebooks to class so that I can check your progress in this matter.
Part I
Identifying Key Terms
Notable People
Leopold II
Cecil Rhodes
Joseph Conrad
J.A. Hobson
Gavrilo Princip – Black
Hand
Franz Ferdinand
Tsar Nicholas II
Rasputin
Vladimir Lenin
Alexander Kerensky
Leon Trotsky
Woodrow Wilson
David Lloyd George
Georges Clemenceau
Vittorio Orlando
Terms and Events
“New Imperialism”
Social Darwinism
“White Man’s Burden”
Geopolitics
Third World
Opium Wars
Gunboat diplomacy
Great Migration
Berlin Conference 1884-5
Sphere of Influence
Sepoy Mutiny
Meiji Restoration
Russo-Japanese War
Part II
Boxer Rebellion
Congress of Berlin 1878
Militarism
Triple Alliance
Triple Entente
Schlieffen Plan
Total War
Trench Warfare
Armenian Genocide
March Revolution
Petrograd Soviet
Bolsheviks vs Mensheviks
Bolshevik Revolution
Russian Civil War
Treaty of Brest-Litovsk
War Communism
Treaty of Versailles
Fourteen Points
League of Nations
Self-determination
War-Guilt Clause
Balfour Declaration
Zionism
Review Questions
Directions: Check your understanding of this chapter by answering the following questions in about
four-five well written and effective sentences each.
1. What factors facilitated intercontinental trade in the late nineteenth century? Where did most
of the foreign investment in this period go?
2. How was massive migration an integral part of Western expansion? What were some of the
difference in migration patterns among the various European states?
3. Describe the various motives of European states to build political empires in Africa and Asia
after 1875. Specifically, what impact did Christianity have upon imperialism?
4. Describe the external and internal factors that contributed to Europe’s successful conquest of
Africa during the late nineteenth century.
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AP Euro-Lively
5. What distinguished the “new imperialism” (post-1880) from earlier forms of European
expansion in the nineteenth century?
6. Describe the various non-Western responses to Western Imperialism. What is the difference
between the traditionalist response and the modernist response?
7. For what reasons did western critics denounce imperialism?
8. In detail, describe the long-term causes of World War I. How did Bismarck’s system of
alliances develop into rival blocs?
9. What impact did the Congress of Berlin (1878) have on the Balkan region? Who was bound
to be the loser in the Balkans?
10. Based upon events in the early 20th century, why was the Balkans known as the “powder keg
of Europe”? Describe the event that sparked this “powder keg” and caused the outbreak of
World War I.
11. Analyze the social, political, and economic changes associated with the process of “total
war” that took place across Europe during World War I.
12. For what reasons did the Germans adopt the Schlieffen Plan? Was it successful? Why or
why not?
13. Did the war have any effect on the power of organized labor? On women in society?
Explain!
14. In detail, describe the reasons for the outbreak of the March Revolution in 1917. Was the
outbreak of revolution inevitable?
15. What were the soviets? What role did they play in the Bolshevik Revolution?
16. What was it about Lenin’s character that made him a successful revolutionary? Why were
his ideas popular with peasants and urban workers?
17. Why did Kerensky and the provisional government fail?
18. What are the various reasons for the Red Army’s victory in the Russian Civil War?
19. Compare and contrast the Russian Revolutions of 1917 and the French Revolution of the
late eighteenth century.
20. What happened to the Austro-Hungarian and Ottoman empires after 1918?
21. Compare and contrast the goals of Wilson, Lloyd George, and Clemenceau at the Versailles
peace conference.
22. Unlike the relatively successful Congress of Vienna, the Treaty of Versailles is often seen as
a major reason for World War II. Why? (Hint: How did the Versailles Treaty cause more
problems than it actually solved?)
Part III Chronological Awareness
Directions: Place the following events in the correct chronological order. Provide the year of each
event. Since the events are given to you in a sequence that is out of chronological order, please
reorder the events correctly. In the event that one or more of the events listed below do not have a
single year in which it took place, provide the appropriate date ranges. Rewrite this list in the
correct chronological order, providing the year of the event, occurrence, or trend.
1. Sepoy Mutiny
2. Sinking of the Lusitania
3. First Battle of the Marne
4. Berlin Conference
5. Bolshevik Revolution
6. Treaty of Versailles
7. Completion of Suez Canal
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AP Euro-Lively
8. Battle of Omdurman
9. Treaty of Brest-Litovsk
10. Treaty of Nanking
Part IV Multiple Choice Practice
Directions: Each of the questions or incomplete statements below is followed by five suggested
answers or completions. Select the one that is best in each case, and then write the letter and the
answer of your choice on your study guide.
1. Which of the following was NOT an underlying factor of the outbreak of World War I?
a. Rivalries over colonial and commercial interests
b. Overwhelming discontent with Europe’s royal families
c. National aspirations of ethnic minority groups
d. The rising influence of military leaders
e. The growth of socialist labor movements
2. A crucial moment leading up to the outbreak of World War I occurred when
a. Germany mobilized in response to Russia’s declaration of war against Serbia.
b. France mobilized in response to Germany’s declaration of war against Britain.
c. Austria mobilized in response to Russia’s declaration of war against Serbia.
d. Russia mobilized in response to Austria’s declaration of war against Serbia.
e. Britain mobilized in response to France’s declaration of war against Serbia.
3. Which statement regarding Italy’s participation in World War I is true?
a. Previously allied with Germany, Italy chose to remain neutral.
b. Previously allied with Russia and France, Italy chose to join with Germany.
c. Previously allied with Germany, Italy chose to join with the Allied Powers.
d. Previously allied with Britain and France, Italy chose to remain neutral.
e. Previously allied with the Ottoman Empire, Italy chose to join with the Central Powers.
4. The concept of “Total War” that emerged during World War I included all of the following
EXCEPT
a. Expansion of civil liberties.
b. Mass conscription.
c. Planned economies.
d. Centralization of government powers.
e. Manipulation of public opinion.
5. In general, which of the following is most true of trade unions during World War I?
a. Trade unions suffered greatly.
b. Trade unions saw membership decrease.
c. Trade unions were mostly ignored by government authorities.
d. Trade unions did not cooperate with government authorities.
e. Trade unions gained prestige and increased membership.
6. Which of the following was NOT a problem faced by the provisional government of Russia
after the tsar abdicated in March 1917?
a. The White Army forces under the leadership of Admiral Kolchak
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AP Euro-Lively
b.
c.
d.
e.
The Bolsheviks under the leadership of Vladimir Lenin.
Peasant seizure of land.
Army Order No. 1
A failed military offensive.
7. Great Britain’s reaction to the Sepoy Mutiny of 1857 was to
a. Extend greater tolerance toward Indian customs and rule.
b. Establish greater control via the East India Company.
c. Exchange its trade rights in India for a greater share in the China trade.
d. Withdraw its political presence from India.
e. Enforce a series of oppressive laws separating the native population from the British
colonials.
8. Why was it necessary for the Congress of Berlin (1878) to renegotiate the Treaty of San
Stefano?
a. Austria-Hungary wished to support Serbian independence.
b. Since Russia had been the aggressor, its territorial claims were questionable.
c. The treaty violated earlier agreements which only consenting nations could alter.
d. Germany viewed Turkey as a valuable ally against Russia.
e. Germany feared that both Great Britain and France would ally their interests with Russia.
9.
Which of the following motives was of LEAST influence on late 19th century imperialism?
a. Intellectual curiosity
b. Humanitarianism
c. Political competition
d. Expansion of world markets
e. Missionary zeal
10. The so-called “lifeline of the British empire” was
a. India.
b. South Africa.
c. the Cape to Cairo railway.
d. Australia and British Canada.
e. the Suez Canal.
Note: Incomplete study guides will receive a 10 point penalty. This will not be allowed to be made
up via redo. Organize your time and work on your study guide a little bit at a time. Substantially
incomplete study guides will be graded, but considered late, and only allowed to be redone up to 25
points.
Study Guide Grading Rubric. 50 points.
Review Questions (20 points) - 4 questions will be selected at random from those above. Each will
be worth 5 points.
Multiple Choice (10 points) - This section is worth 10 points. 1 point will be deducted for each
incorrect response.
Chronology (10 points) - This section is worth 10 point. Points will be deducted for each incorrect
response.
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AP Euro-Lively
Overall Completion (10 points) - 10 points will be awarded for completion of all questions and
parts.
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