 Cells are the basic unit of structure and function in living things.
 Like bricks in a building

 Before microscopes, people thought that disease came from bad air or evil
 With microscopes scientists were able to see very small things.
 Microscopes enabled scientists to view and study cells

 A microscope is an instrument that makes small objects look larger
 Use lenses to focus light

Robert Hooke & Anton van Leeuwenhoek
 Robert Hooke
CORK CELLS 
 Designed the compound Light microscope
 Studied cork cells
 First one to describe and name themcells

 German botanist
 Observed a variety of plants and concluded that all plants are made of cells.

 German scientist
 Observed a variety of animals under the microscope and concluded that all animals are made up of cells.
I am made up of cells!
Me Too!
So am I!
Yeah!!!

 Russian Scientist
 Observed cells dividing into two
 Concluded that all cells come from other cells.
Mitosis 

1.
All organisms are made of one or more cells. (Schleiden & Schwann)
2.
The cell is the basic unit of structure and function in organisms. (Leeuwenhoek &
Hooke)
3.
All cells come from other cells. (Virchow)

 Inside each cell there are smaller structures called organelles (little organs).
 Each organelle has a different function within the cell.
 Plant and animal cells have different organelles. ( many are the same)

 Rigid layer of non-living material that surrounds the cells of plants.
 Made of a tough, yet flexible material called cellulose.
 Not found in animal cell.
 Protects the cell and gives it support.

 The boundary between the cell and its environment
 The cell membrane controls what substances come into and out of the cell.

 The cells control center, directs all the cells activity.
 The Brain of the cell
 Has the instructions and information (DNA) to control all parts of the cell.

 Entire region between the nucleus and the cell membrane
 clear, thick, gel-like fluid that contains organelles.
 Constantly moving
 KEEPS ALL OF THE
CELL PARTS TOGETHER

 Provides energy for the cell
 Powerhouse of the cell




 Look like round specks attached to the
Endoplasmic Reticulum or free in the cytoplasm
 Function like construction sites to build protein

 Golgi body packages and distributes materials to other parts of the cell or to the outside of the cell.
 The cells mailroom
(UPS store)

 A sack surrounded by a membrane
 Temporary storage of materials
 Often store food, enzymes, wastes, and other materials

 Round structures that contain chemicals that breakdown large food molecules into smaller ones.
 Also digests foreign particles, and old parts of the cell.

 Large green oval structures found in plant cells
 Capture energy from the sun and use it to produce food for the cell.
 Chloroplasts give plants their green color.

 Plant cells have…
 cell walls
 Chloroplasts
 One big vacuole
 Animal cells have …
 No cell wall
 No chloroplast
 Many small vacuoles
 More lysosomes

 Very different from plant and animal cells
 Bacterial cells…
 Are usually smaller
 Have no nucleus
 No organelles besides ribosomes
 Have a cell membrane and cell wall

 Not all cells look the same
 Depending on what they do they might look different and have different organelles.

 We came to school this year,
To learn about the cell,
We learned the names of parts,
Which we call organelles.
 Our thanks to Robert Hooke,
Who looked into his scope,
He saw dead cork cell walls and
Now cytology is no joke.
 CHORUS:
Oh, organelles, nucleolus, mitochondria,
Endoplasmic reticulum and golgi apparatus,
Nucleus, cytoplasm, cell membrane with pores,
Ribosomes, chromatin, and many vacuoles.

1.
How did the invention of the microscope affect scientists’ understanding about cells?
2.
State the three points of the cell theory?
3.
How are plant and animal cells different?
4.
Do all cells contain the same organelles? Explain.

 http://learn.genetics.utah.edu/content/be gin/cells/insideacell/
 http://www.cellsalive.com/cells/3dcell.ht
m

 Compare the places in cell city to the cell parts discussed in class
 Example:
 Nucleus is like City Hall because it controls

 The parts of a cell. The parts of a cell. A cell has many parts inside. We call them organelles.
The nucleus in charge tells the others what to do. A cell has many parts inside. Now you can learn them too.
The parts of a cell. The parts of a cell. A cell has many parts inside. We call them organelles.
The mitochondria gives the cell its energy. A cell has many parts inside. Now sing them all with me.
The parts of a cell. The parts of a cell. A cell has many parts inside. We call them organelles.
The vacuoles they store water, waste, and nutrients. A cell has many parts inside. It's making perfect sense.
The parts of a cell. The parts of a cell. A cell has many parts inside. We call them organelles.
The Cell Membrane lets things in. It also lets things out. A cell has many parts inside. For this I have no doubt
The parts of a cell. The parts of a cell. A cell has many parts inside. We call them organelles.
Cytoplasm is the stuff that holds the parts in place. A cell has many parts inside. It's not an empty space.
The parts of a cell. The parts of a cell. A cell has many parts inside. We call them organelles.

 If it's a living thing then it's made of many cells.
 Those tiny microscopic things filled with organelles.
 These cells have a wall that give the plants their shape
 Underneath the wall there's a membrane that's a gate.

 Keeping out the chemicals that for the cell are bad.
 Holding in the organelles and fluids the cell has.
 Cytoplasm is the stuff that holds the organelles
 They each have a function that is needed for the cell.
 Mitochondria, and chloroplasts and vacuoles.
 Take orders from the nucleus whose always in control.
 The mitochondria give the cell its energy.
 The chloroplasts help make the food the plant will surely need

 The vacuoles they store water, waste, and nutrients
 Like a storage warehouse where the extra things are sent.
 All these organelles work together can't you see?
 To make a plant the living thing that it was meant to be.