Angiosperms: Flowering plants
I.
Characteristics of Angiosperms (Division Anthophyta)
A. Presence of complete or incomplete flowers
B. Monocotyledonous or Dicotyledonous development
C. Xylem and Phloem well defined within monocot or
dicot arrangements.
D. Presence of herbaceous or woody stems with monocot
or dicot arrangement.
E. Woody stems containing spring and summer wood.
F. Presence of a pulpy or hard fruit that contains the
developing embryonic structure of sporophytic nature,
which arises from the gametophyte during the
alternation of generations.
Male flowers
Female Flowers
Female Flowers
Magnified
II. Angiosperms’ Evolutionary Timeline
A. Angiosperms arose during the Mesozoic era,
according to the fossil record
B. During the disappearance of the greatest
concentration of cycadeoids, angiosperms began
differentiating and becoming more numerous
during the end of the era.
C. They continued to spread and further differentiated
as animal pollinators became adapted to specific
angiosperm species.
D. This continued with the greater diversity of animal
differentiation as it evolved simultaneously.
III. Parts of a Flower
III. Parts of a Flower..(Cont.)
A.
B.
C.
1.
2.
D.
1.
2.
3.
E.
Petals – showy part of the flower
Sepals – green bud covering over flower
Stamen – male part of the flower
Anther – pollen head
Filament – stalk that holds up the
anther
Pistil - female part of the flower
Stigma – platform where pollen lands
Style – stalk that holds up the stigma
Ovary – contains the ovules
Ovule – structure which develops into
embryos in the form of seeds
Stamens from an Amaryllis
Anther
Filament
Female
Flower
Parts
Style
Stigma
Ovary
(Squash)
Typical Fruits
Apple
Orange
Tomato
Pepper
More Fruits you probably didn’t suspect!
Cashew
Walnut
Chestnut
Acorn
Okra
Squash
Even More Fruits!
Corn
Cucumber
Fruit
The Stem
attaches the
flower and
then the
fruit to the
branch it
develops on.
Stem
Monoc0ts vs. Dicots
Monocots
Dicots
1.
Flower parts in multiples of 3
Flower parts : Multiples of 4 or 5
2.
Parallel venation
Net venation
3.
Vascular bundles arranged
throughout stem
Vascular bundles mostly around
edge of stem
4. One cotyledon (seed leaf)
How many
petals here?
Three!
Two cotyledons (seed leaves)
How many
petals here?
Five!
Typical monocots
1. Lily
2. Grasses
3. Palm Trees
4. Wheat
5. Orchids
Typical dicots
1. Oaks
2. Roses
3. Buttercups
4. Hibiscus
5. Red Maple