Leader: Adam
Course: Biology 211
Instructor: Dr. Holscher
Date:
Chapter 28:
Protists
Supplemental Instruction
Iowa State University
Protists are eukaryotes that are not classified in the plant, animal, or fungi kingdoms. They were
the Earth’s first eukaryotes!
Abundant in ______ environment
There size is _________.
Protists are often labeled according to their ecological roles, which occur in three major types:
1.
2.
3.
Protists can be informally labeled according to diverse habitats. There different habitats
influence protest structure and size.
1.
2.
Protists can be informally labeled according to their type of motility.
1. Flagellates- use _____
2. Ciliates- use ______
3. Amoebae- use __________
7 Eukaryotic Supergroups!!!!!
Supplemental Instruction
1060 Hixson-Lied Student Success Center  294-6624  www.si.iastate.edu
1st Supergroup: Excavataa. Named for a feeding groove “excavated into the cells as an adaptation that
allowed these organisms to ingest small particles of food in aquatic environments.
This is called _________.
b. This in turn leads to ___________. A symbiotic association which a smaller
species lives within the body of a larger species.
c. Two equal sized _____ and multiply _______
***Make notecards that describe Metamonads, Euglenoids, and Kinetoplastids. These are the
three kingdoms of the supergroup Excavata. (pg 569 of book and notes from class)
2nd Supergroup: Land Plants and Related Algae
a. Two main kingdoms _____ algae and _______ algae
b. Both are _______ and contain same plastids as _______
c. One lacks flagella. One has flagella. Which is which?
3rd Supergroup: Alveolata
a. 3 kingdoms
i. Ciliatesii. Apicomplexansiii. Dinoflagellates4th Supergroup: Stramenophila
a. Have _____ flagella
b. 3 kingdoms
i. Diatoms
ii. Stramenophila- marine “seeweeds”
iii. Fungus-like protists
5th Supergroup: Rhizaria
a. Hair-like extensions of their cytoplasm known as _________ 2 kingdoms
covered in class
i. Foraminiferans
ii. Radiolarians
6th Supergroup: Amoebozoa
a. Lobe-shaped, rather than hair-like pseudopodia
b. 3 kingdoms
i. Entamoebas- parasite of verterbrates and inverterbrates
ii. Slime molds
iii. Gymnamoebas
7th Supergroup: Opisthokonta
a. Single posterior flagellum on swimming cells
***Make notecards to distinguish phagotrophs, osmotrophs, photoautrophs, mixotrophs
Closing Question:
Pop Quiz:
1. Which of the following features is common to prokartotic cells?
a. Mitcondria
b. Nucleus
c. Mitotic spindle fibers
d. Plasma membrane
2. The Gram Stain is a procedure that microbiologists use to
a. Determine if a bacterial strain is a pathogen
b. Determine if a bacterial sample can break down oil
c. Infer the structure of a bacterial cell wall and bacterial response to antibiotic
d. Count bacteria in medical or environmental samples
3. Place the following steps in correct order, according to Koch’s Postulate
i. Determine if pure cultures of bacteria cause disease symptoms when
introduces to a healthy host.
ii. Determine if disease symptoms correlate with presence of a suspected
pathogen.
iii. Isolate the suspected pathogen and free it in pure culture, free of other
possible pathogens.
iv. Attempt to isolate pathogens from a second-infected host
Answer: 4,1,2,3
4. Cyanobacteria play what ecological role?
a. Producers
b. Consumers
c. Decomposer
d. Parasites
5. The Structure that enables some Gram Postive Bacteria to remain dormate for extremely
long periods of time are know as
a. Akinetes
b. Endospores
c. Biofilms
d. Adam’s lipopolysaccharide sleeping envelope
6. How do various types of bacteria move?
a. Use of flagella
b. Use of pili, which help cells twitch or glide along a surface
c. Use of gas vesicles to regulate buoyancy in water bodies
d. All the above