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Information Management
IBM Informix May 2006 Chat with the Lab
IDS 10: Upgrading and New Features
IBM Software Group
© 2005 IBM Corporation
Information Management
Informix Dynamic Server 10.0
Performance. Reliability. Scalability.
Topics
 New features in 10.00.XC2 through XC5
 BAAN enhancements
 Migrating to v10
 Q&A
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Informix Dynamic Server 10.0
Performance. Reliability. Scalability.
Migrating to v10
 Why Upgrade?
 Migration matrix
 Pre-Migration
 Install and configuration
 Validate your target environment
 Perform conversion
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Why upgrade? IDS has been busy with v9/v10
detached
indexes
raw
tables
buffer
manager
Fuzzy
ckpts
HDR/ER
Config page size
Col Level
Encryption
large
Chunk
& files
dynamic
logging
dynamic
locking
9.2
update
statistics
ER Resync
optimizer
directives
onarchive
gone
9.3
btree
scanners
PIT-TLR
restartable
fast recovery
9.4
Shmem
> 4 gig
10.0
IDS Versions – Key features by release
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Migrating from prior versions of IDS
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Upgrading to v10 - Conversion Steps
Five easy steps to remember for data migration:
1. Get the source server ready by following pre-migration steps
2. Install the target database server and copy over relevant
$INFORMIXDIR/etc configuration from source to target
3. Validate your environment settings are pointing at target
4. CONVERT by starting target server
5. Validate data integrity and take level 0 backup
CONVERSION COMPLETE!
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System Requirements
Requirements for a new Installation of IDS v10
500 MB of disk space
256 MB of RAM
Plan for:
Adequate disk space to house schema
Adequate disk space to house temporary tables
Adequate CPU’s for application needs
Plan for about 20% disk space overhead
** Lookup Installation guide for details
IDS provides industrial-strength capabilities with a relatively small footprint,
ensuring the best performance with less hardware.
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Space Required for Upgrade
 Root Chunk (Chunk 0) should have at least 10% free.
 3000 Free pages of Logical Log Space to rebuild SysMaster
 2000 KB of Free Space per Database is need for each DB Space
 Partition Headers should not be full
 Use oncheck –me to compress extents
 Determine how much space is needed by running:
 DATABASE sysmaster;


SELECT partdbsnum(partnum) DBSpace_Num,
TRUNC(COUNT(*) * 2000) Free_Space_Needed

FROM sysdatabases

GROUP BY 1, ORDER BY 1;

SELECT dbsnum DBSpace_Num, sum(nfree) Spc_Avail

FROM syschunck

GROUP BY 1, ORDER BY 1;
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IDS 10.00 Migration: Checklist
 SQL query plans for all regularly used queries (especially
complex queries) using SET EXPLAIN ON.
 dbschema -d -hd for all critical tables. The output will have
distribution information.
 oncheck -pr output that dumps all the root reserved pages
 Copy of onconfig configuration file. Note: oncheck –pr will not
dump all the configuration parameters so it’s better to have a
copy of onconfig file.
 A list of all the environment variables that are set using ‘env’ unix
command.
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Ensure you take care of …

Remove Outstanding In-Place Alters

Close All Transactions

Verify the integrity of the data with oncheck

Flush ER Queues with any transactions, if applicable

Active HDR servers – disable it, if applicable

Level-0 archive/backup before migration

UNIX/Linux – may require Kernel Parameters to be modified

Verify source server is offline
**
Recommended documented steps to shutdown current server properly:
Run onmode -sy, onmode -l, onmode -c and then onmode -kuy.
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v10 Installer – easier install with GUI/Silent support
Installer can be invoked by:
1.
installserver [preferred] Uses bundled
JVM, if JAVA not found in the PATH
2.
Installserver –javahome [for users that
want to use a local java]
3.
Java –cp IIF.jar run [for users who want
to invoke directly – advanced]
4.
Installserver –legacy [extracts a legacy
distribution]
Additionally LINUX also packages the
following RPMs [since 9.40.UC5]
Product.rpm
GLS.rpm
Message.rpm
For enhanced usability, a wrapper script is
provided that invokes the RPMs in the
correct sequence
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Copy & customize configuration to target
Unix or Linux
Windows
$INFORMIXDIR/etc/$ONCONFIG
%INFORMIXDIR%\etc\%ONCONFIG%
$INFORMIXDIR/etc/onconfig.std
%INFORMIXDIR%\etc\onconfig.std
$INFORMIXDIR/etc/oncfg*
%INFORMIXDIR%\etc\oncfg*
$INFORMIXDIR/etc/sm_versions
%INFORMIXDIR%\etc\sm_versions
$INFORMIXDIR/aaodir/adtcfg
%INFORMIXDIR%\aaodir\adtcfg.*
$INFORMIXDIR/dbssodir/adtmasks
%INFORMIXDIR%\dbssodir\adtmasks.*
$INFORMIXDIR/etc/sqlhosts
%INFORMIXDIR%\etc\ixbar.servernum
$INFORMIXDIR/etc/tctermcap
$INFORMIXDIR/etc/termcap
$INFORMIXDIR/etc/ixbar.servernum
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Set Environment variables of Target
Verify that the following environment variables are set
to the correct values to migrate to the Target server
INFORMIXSERVER
ONCONFIG
PATH
INFORMIXSQLHOSTS
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Perform Conversion

Start Dynamic Server 10.00
** No “oninit –ivy” please - will initialize disk!

Monitor the online message log
 Wait for “Conversion Completed Successfully”
status
** Do not bounce engine before conversion is complete
** Install and configure any Datablade Modules prior to
conversion
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Post Migration
 Update Statistics (Low to drop, High on
sysmaster, normal on your databases)
 Verify the Integrity of the Data [oncheck;
archecker]
 For ON-Bar, Rename the sm_versions.std File
 Make an Initial Backup of Dynamic Server
10.00
 Tune Dynamic Server 10.00 for Performance
 Enable HDR and ER, if applicable
** Rerun the pre-migration checklist described in premigration for before/after picture comparison
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IDS 10.00 Migration: Using Replication
Using Enterprise Replication to assist
migration to 10.00
Pros:

Allows mix of 7.3 and 10.00
versions

New transactions will queue
up until the migrated server is
available
Cons:

May get complicated to
setup/administer

Table level replication only
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Application Migration - Reserved Words
New for 9.x
New for 9.4

CACHE

COLLATION

ONLINE

COSTFUNC

CROSS

OPTCOMPIND

ITEM

FULL

PARTITION

SELCONST

INSTEAD

PASSWORD

INNER

RESTART

SAVE

JOIN
RIGHT

TABLE


LEFT

TEMPLATE

LOCKS
TEST
RETAIN
New for v10



TYPEID

STANDARD

TYPENAME

AVOID_EXECUTE

TYPEOF

USE_SUBQF

WAIT

AVOID_SUBQF









RAW

XADATASOURCE

XID
ACTIVE
DIRECTIVES
ENCRYPTION
HINT
INACTIVE
INLINE
INOUT
LOAD
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Application Migration and Client APIs
ESQL/C
 Simply upgrade to the latest version of CSDK and run the application. The
new libraries will get loaded providing you enhanced functionality (like
encryption).
 In order to get new functionality like PAM, applications need to be modified
ODBC/.NET/Java
 Upgrade to a newer version of CSDK/JDBC driver and run the application
4GL (v 7.32.UC3 )
 c4gl upgrades required applications to be recompiled/relinked. The version
7.32.UC3 removes this requirement. Simply upgrade to this version and run
your c4gl applications (supported 7.30.xc6 onwards) . P-code versions still
require recompilation.
 In order to get new functionality like DYNAMIC ARRAY, applications need to
be changed
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Informix Dynamic Server 10.0
Performance. Reliability. Scalability.
Focus on OLTP and Embedded
Technology Enhancements over IDS v7
 Improved performance
 Higher Availability
 Increased Scalability
 Enhanced Security
 Simplified Administration
 Easier Application Development
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Improved Performance Highlights
 8-15% Improvement over IDS 7.31
 Fuzzy Checkpoints
 Helps solve long checkpoint problem in 7
 Shared Statement Cache
 Statement cache is now global rather than per connection
 New Buffer Management System
 Combines IDS victim selection with DB2’s minimal I/O
 B-Tree Scanner
 Improves btree delete performance
 Improved Replication Performance
 Apply on Target 50% faster
 Other Performance Improvements
 Query optimizer improvements for special cases, up to 50% increase in
rollback speed, better hash join and aggregate performance, memory
allocation algorithms are much faster, hold cursors can now execute in
parallel
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High Availability Highlights
 Restartable Fast Recovery
 Fast recovery possible even if recovery crashes
 Improved Rollback Performance
 Up to 50% faster for long rollbacks
 Dynamic Log Creation
 Eliminates server hangs due to long transactions
 Improved Enterprise Replication (ER)
 Improved performance
 Quick queue recovery
 Large transaction support
 ER / HDR Interoperability
 HDR systems can participate in ER systems too.
 Other Improvements
 Collection support, multiple smart blob stable queues
(logged/unlogged)
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Increased Scalability Highlights
 Big Chunks
 Maximum chunk size raised to 4TB
 Maximum instance size is 128 PetaBytes
 All utilities now handle large files
 New Buffer Manager
 Combines IDS and DB2 strengths
 Other improvements
 Improved support more CPUs.
 Reduced use of latches
 Spin Lock for temporary partition improved
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Enhanced Security Highlights
 Encrypted Network Communications
 Communication between client/server and server/server
now encrypted
 Uses cryptographic libraries from OpenSSL
 Optionally encrypts ER traffic
 Useful for long haul networks, traffic sent over internet
 Port can be configured for just ER traffic
 No need for trusted hosts
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Simplified Administration Highlights
 Redirected Restore
 Recovery on non-identical
systems
 Full use of Tapes
 Will write to end of tape
 Rename Chunks
 Rename during restore




New Unix Bundle Installer
No libraries in /usr/lib
Order of Install
Add Chunks when first
chunk is full
 Now can add disk space if
chunk 0 is completely full
 Onstat enhancements
Can now display
environment variables, list of all
prepared statements in a
session,
 Explain enhancements
Explain turned on
dynamically
 Log Management
Logs added/dropped online
 Dynamic Lock Allocation
Locks table shrinks/grows
dynamically
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Application Development: Enhanced SQL Highlights
 Support for Long Identifiers
 Updated Unicode Support
 Sequences
 Triggers on Select and Views
 Order by not in select list
 ANSI SQL-99 Joins
 Describe input
 Unions in Sub-queries
 Names for Return Values
 Multiple OUT parameters
 Improved support for long character strings
 Multi-nationalization
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Application Development: Extensibility Highlights
 Collections
 Table Functions
 Virtual Table interface
 User Defined Data Types
 High-Performance Programming Support
 Built-in functions for handling complex data
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Application Development: Enhanced APIs
 CSDK 2.90
 JDBC Enhancements plus WAS integrations
 OLE DB Enhancements
 ODBC Enhancements
 ESQL/C Enhancements
 Native .Net Provider
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Informix Dynamic Server 10.0
Performance. Reliability. Scalability.
New Features in 10.00.XC2 through 10.00XC5
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New Features in 10.00.XC2
 First release of the IDS Express Edition
 Restricted functionality in the Express Edition:
Limited to 2 CPUs
Memory limited to 4 GB
High-Availability Data Replication not available
Enterprise Replication not available
Parallel operations not supported
 Parallel queries, backup/restore, High Performance Loader
Available on Windows and Linux (AMD,Intel)
No 64 bit support
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New Features in 10.00.XC3
 ANSI-joins in distributed queries perform better
 Tables now joined in the remote database rather than joining tables locally
 Transaction support for XA-compliant external data sources
 Conforms to X/Open XA interface standards for prepare/commit/rollback
 MQ DataBlade module
 Presents MQ data as a relational table
 Table is read/write
 New DBCREATE_PERMISSION configuration parameter to restrict
the ability to create databases
 If set only user Informix and the user specified can create databases
 New secure default directory for the DUMPDIR configuration
parameter
 Previously DUMPDIR defaulted to /tmp, now it defaults to
$INFORMIXDIR/tmp on UNIX and %INFORMIXDIR%\tmp on Windows
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New Features in 10.00.XC3 - Continued
 Table-level restore for smart large object columns
 TLR now supports Smart Large Objects for restore from level-0 archive
 AES cipher support for network encryption
 Network encryption now supports aes, aes128, aes192, and aes256 keys
 New Enterprise Replication commands to show statistics information
 The “cdr stats rqm” command shows info about the reliable queue manager
 The “cdr stats recv” command shows info about the receiver parallelism and
latency statistics by source node
 Client SDK included in Dynamic Server installation process
 Install now lets you install CSDK ver 2.90.XC3 simultaneously with 10 or
separately
 Enhanced Support for Retrieving Subsets of Query Results
 New keyword FIRST only returns the first “N” rows of results
 New keyword SKIP in projection list skips the first “N” rows of results
 Keywords can be combined to skip N rows then return following first M rows
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New Features in 10.00.XC3 - Continued
 Ordering subsets of query results in collection-derived tables
 ORDER BY clause now supported in collection subqueries
 Data is sorted before FIRST/SKIP is applied
 J/Foundation upgrade to JRE 1.4.2
 J/Foundation component now includes JRE 1.4.2
 New default directory for ADTPATH configuration parameter
 Previously ADTPATH defaulted to /tmp, now it defaults to $INFORMIXDIR/aaodir on
UNIX and %INFORMIXDIR%\aaodir on Windows
 New UNSECURE_ONSTAT configuration parameter
 UNSECURE_ONSTAT can be set to allow users other than DBA to use onstat
 Set to 1 to allow anyone to use onstat
 If missing or value other than 1 only allow DBA’s to use onstat
For more info see:
http://publib.boulder.ibm.com/infocenter/idshelp/v10/index.jsp?topic=/com.ibm.s
qls.doc/sqls02.htm
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New Features in 10.00.XC4
 TRUNCATE table support
 This command allows all rows to be deleted from a table and its indexes
very quickly
 Enterprise Replication direct synchronization
 The new “cdr sync replicate” and “cdr sync replicateset” commands perform
synchronization between a reference server and one or more targets
 These commands check consistency and optionally repair inconsistent rows
 Enhanced support for IPv6
 OS support for Internet protocol version 6 (IPv6) is automatically checked for
 Secure local connections
 The new SECURITY_LOCALCONNECTION config parameter makes
connections more secure
 Set to 0 for no extra security
 Set to 1 to verify that user running program matches database user
 Set to 2 the same as 1 but will also source IP is really coming from the
indicated client program. Requires OS support for DOCTCP or IPCSTR
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New Features in 10.00.XC4 - Continued
 Secure DataBlade module paths
 The DB_LIBRARY_PATH config param defines paths which the database
can load datablades
 Parallel backup and restore is more efficient
 The BAR_SORT_DBS env variable improves backup/restore when scope is
not the whole system
 Set to any value to enable to functionality
 DB-Access stops a process after the first error
 Invoked as “dbaccess –a”
 Informix Interface for TSM supports HP-UX (Itanium)
 Onbar can now be used with the Tivoli storage manager on HP-UX (Itanium)
 New default value for IFX_EXTEND_ROLE configuration parameter
 IFX_EXTEND_ROLE default changed from 0 to 1
 1 means only those granted extend role can register external functions
such as in datablades
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New Features in 10.00.XC5
 Demo server now uses TCP instead of shared memory connections
 Allows demo database to be connected to remotely
 Install of demo server now checks uniqueness of SERVERNUM
 Checks to see if any other demo instance has same servernum
 If silent install changes the port number it will log the change in its log
 MQ datablade 2.0 now supported on Linux 32 bit, Linux pSeries 64 bit,
and Solaris 64 bit
 JRE 1.4.2 upgrade for ISA and ISMP
 Previous JRE has security hole
 New Binary data type support - var binary and binary18 for Portal
 Required by Websphere Portal
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Informix Dynamic Server 10.0
Performance. Reliability. Scalability.
BAAN Benchmark Performance Enhancements
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BAAN Benchmark Performance Features in
10.00.XC5
 Improved internal latch performance
 Avoids grabbing latches whenever possible
 Don’t sequential scan user table on every prepare statement
 Now keeps a cache of users with DBA privileges
 Do not sort if only one row being returned
 Improved ASF polling performance
 Uses pollset OS interface (when available) rather than select() or poll()
 Enable with FASTPOLL = 1 in config file
 Not supported on AIX, DEC, and SGI
 Avoid hash joins when using first rows optimizer directive
 In this case nested loops will always be faster
 May be able to avoid a sort this way
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BAAN Benchmark Performance Features in
10.00.XC5 - Continued
 Improved memory management when using lots of memory (> 20GB)
 Searching the memory cache for a best fit block can be slow
 This search can be disable by setting VP_MEMORY_CACHE_KB to 0
 Be sure (VP_MEMORY_CACHE_KB * num cpu vps) < (40% SHMTOTAL)
 This feature can be changed dynamically with
“onmode -wm VP_MEMORY_CACHE_KB=<value>"
 SINGLE_CPU_VP configuration performance improvement
 Improved performance when searching bit maps
 Uses IFX_SORT_POOLS
 Now treats "col1>=X and col1 <= X" as "col1=X“
 This reduced query time on some queries from >50 sec. to about 10 sec.
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BAAN Benchmark Performance Features in
10.00.XC5 - Continued
 Start/Stop keys not set correctly for some query predicates
 Composite indexes might perform slowly with range predicates
 For instance, given an index defined on columns (a, b, c, d), and the filters
“a = 2 and b >=1 and b <= 7 and c >= 10 and c <= 20” previously we would
only use filters on columns (a,b). Now we use (a, b, c).
 A side effect is that explain output has changed
 In the above case the output would change from saying “Key-First Filters”
to saying “Index Key Filters”.
 Improved performance when using many prepare statements
 Previously if many prepared statements were open at commit time it would
take a long time to commit.
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