1. The total number of babies born in a population is called its ______________.
7. Today 60% of humans live in ___________ while the fastest population growth rate is in ________.
(A) population lag
(B) fecundity
(C) biotic potential
(D) mortality
(E) zero population growth (ZPG)
2. What happens when the birth rate equals the death rate in a population?
(A) population lag
(B) fecundity
(C) biotic potential
(D) mortality
(E) zero population growth (ZPG)
3. In California in 2003 the beginning population was 34 million and there were 540,000 births. What was the birth rate?
(A) 1.6%
(B) 0.016%
(C) 6.3%
(D) 0.6%
(E) 16%
4. The tendency for a population to grow even after the
TFR is below replacement levels is called…
(A) population boom
(B) population bust
(C) population transition
(D) population momentum
(E) lag phase
5. The simplest and maybe least controversial means of slowing population growth is…
(A) abortion
(B) birth control pill
(C) in vitro fertilization
(D) vasectomy
(E) delay the birth of the first child
6. About 400 years ago, the global human population began to increase very rapidly. What happened to cause this huge increase?
(A) The hunter-gatherer revolution
(B) The Industrial Revolution
(C) The invention of fire
(D) The Agricultural Revolution
(E) The Stone Age
(A) Asia; Africa
(B) Africa; Indonesia
(C) Asia; Europe
(D) South America; China
(E) North America; South America
8. As of the year 2010 the population of Earth was about
______ and the annual rate of population growth was
_____.
(A) 1.2 billion; 3.7%
(B) 6.8 billion; 1.5%
(C) 6.6 billion; 3.5%
(D) 12.0 billion; 2.5%
(E) 7.0 billion; 0.5%
9. Which of these statements about TFR is FALSE?
(A)
The TFR was 3.8 in the USA during the “baby boom” years, just after World War II.
(B) The replacement fertility rate of TFR is 2.1.
(C) In 2000, the TFR in the USA was about 2.0, the highest of all the industrialized nations.
(D) Even though USA has reached replacement TFR, the population will continue to grow over the next 50 to 100 years due to migration and the
Baby Boom generation.
(E) TFRs in China are nearly 3.5
10. Which factors influence the TFR of a nation?
I.
Education level of the mothers
II.
Infant mortality
III.
Nutritional value of commodity foods
IV.
Religious and cultural beliefs
V.
Age at time of marriage
(A) I & II
(B) I, III, and IV
(C) II and IV
(D) I, IV, and V
(E) All of the above
11. In order, which are the 5 most populous nations in the world?
(A) China, United European Nations, India,
Australia, Indonesia
(B) USA, China, Indonesia, Mexico, Spain
(C) India, China, Brazil, Sri Lanka, USA
(D) China, India, USA, Indonesia, Brazil
(E) China, USA, India, Brazil, Indonesia

12. Which of the following is the correct sequence of events for the demographic transition?
I. increasing birth rate
II. increasing death rate
III. high population growth
IV. decreasing birth rate
V. decreasing death rate
VI. low or zero population growth
(A) V, VI, IV, VI
(B) V, I, III, IV
(C) V, III, I, VI
(D) V, III, IV, VI
(E) I, III, IV, VI
13. A group of individuals of the same species in a particular area at a specific time is called a…
(A) Community
(B) Niche
(C) Ecosystem
(D) Population
(E) Organism
14. Population density is the …
(A) Number of individuals per unit area.
(B) Total number of individuals in a population.
(C) Movement of individuals into an area.
(D) Number of births minus the number of deaths in a population.
(E) Highest in rural areas
15. Which of the following is directly responsible for increasing the size of a particular population?
(A) Death rate
(B) Immigration
(C) Emigration
(D) Infant mortality
(E) Access to birth control and abortion
16. Human overpopulation on Easter Island resulted in depletion of the island’s resources and converted it from a forested paradise to a barren island that could barely support a small population. It appears that the population exceeded the island’s________________.
(A) Doubling time
(B) Stationary phase
(C) Environmental resistance
(D) Biotic potential
(E) Carrying capacity
17. The crude birth rate for a population is 32 births per
1,000 people, and the crude death rate is 14 deaths per
1,000 people. Calculate the annual percent growth of the population.
(A) 3.2%
(B) 18%
(C) 1.8%
(D) 2.8%
(E) 14%
18. Approximately, how many years will it take for a population to quadruple in size if it demonstrates an 8% annual rate of growth?
(A) 3 years
(B) 4.5 years
(C) 9 years
(D) 18 years
(E) 36 years
19. Which of the following had the greatest impact on lowering the TFR in the U.S?
(A) Demographic transition
(B) The Great Depression
(C) Post-World War II era
(D) The flu of 1918
(E) The Sexual Revolution of the 60s and 70s
20. Which of the following countries is most likely represented by the population age structure diagram above?
(A) United States
(B) China
(C) Mozambique
(D) Mexico
(E) Russia
21. If the world’s population grew by 2% in 1998 and continued at that rate, how long would it take Earth’s population to double?
(A) 20 years
(B) 25 years
(C) 30 years
(D) 35 years
(E) 45 years
22. Which of the following generalizations about developing countries is true ?
(A) They make up about one-tenth of the world’s population.
(B) They have high average GDPs per person.
(C) They include USA, Canada, Japan, and European countries.
(D) They use about 12% of the world’s resources.
(E) They are highly industrialized.

23. Which of the following statements about developed countries is true ?
(A) They make up about one-fifth of the world’s population.
(B) They have low to moderate GDPs per capita.
(C) They are primarily in Africa, Asia, and Latin
American.
(D) They tend to have agricultural based economies.
(E) They use about fifty percent of the world’s resources.
24. Approximately what percentage of the world’s human population lives in developing countries?
(A) 50%
(B) 60%
(C) 70%
(D) 80%
(E) 90%
25. You are visiting a developing country. Compared to a developed country, which of the following would you expect to find?
(A) Higher percentage of the population with safe drinking water.
(B) Higher percentage of the population under age 15
(C) Higher average life expectancy
(D) More urban population
(E) Higher percentage of the population over 60
26. The net increase or decrease of individuals in a population over time is __________________.
(A) Immigration
(B) Emigration
(C) Crude birth rate
(D) Population growth rate
(E) Population density
27. What is the term for the maximum population size that can be sustained by the available resources in an area?
(A) Carrying capacity
(B) r-selective population
(C) K-selective population
(D) Closed population
(E) Geometric population
28. Why does the population growth rate change during demographic transition?
(A) One-third of the population is under 15 years of age.
(B) The birth rate drops below the death rate.
(C) The economic development of a country changes the population growth pattern.
(D) Either immigration or emigration changes the population growth pattern.
(E) A lack of education and poor access to medical care keep death rates high.
29. Which of the following will make a population increase?
(A) Birth rate decreases.
(B) Mortality increases.
(C) The biotic potential increases.
(D) The environmental resistance increases.
(E) Emigration increases.
30. What two things must happen to achieve sustainability in world populations?
(A) Decrease in total human population and increase in natural resources.
(B) Decrease in population growth rates and decrease in consumption rates.
(C) Decrease in developed countries and increase in developing countries.
(D) Decrease in medical care and an increase in genetic engineering.
(E) Decrease in consumption rates and increase in pre-reproductive population.
31. What is the current approximate global human population?
(A) 6.6 million
(B) 7.1 billion
(C) 6.0 billion
(D) 10 billion
(E) 312 million
32. According to the age structure diagram above, how would you characterize this population?
(A) Rapidly growing
(B) Stable
(C) Shrinking
(D) Rapidly shrinking
(E) Slowly growing
33. Which of the following is the single biggest indicator of the well-being of a human population?
(A) Life expectancy
(B) Highest educational level attained
(C) Number of women in the workforce
(D) Gross domestic product
(E) Infant mortality rate

34. In developed countries, like the United States, which of the following is most likely replacement level fertility?
(A) 2
(B) 2.4
(C) 2.1
(D) 1.9
(E) 2.5
35. In the demographic transition model, death rates fall while birth rates remain high during which stage?
(A) Pre-industrial stage
(B) Industrial stage
(C) Post-industrial stage
(D) Transitional stage
(E) Never
36. Which of the following conditions would lead to the greatest success of a family planning program?
(A) Apathetic leadership
(B) Implementation is left to central planners
(C) Contraceptives are widely available
(D) The majority of people live in the countryside
(E) Economic disincentives are disproportionate with family income
37. Infant mortality rate refers to the number of children out of 1,000 that die…
(A) before birth.
(B) in their first month.
(C) by their first birthday.
(D) because of abortion
(E) by age five.
38. Which of the following is often associated with high infant mortality rate?
(A) A high standard of living
(B) Malnutrition
(C) Balanced diets
(D) Civil unrest
(E) A low incidence of infectious disease
39. Which of the following implies the greatest built-in momentum for population growth?
(A) A large population size
(B) A large number of people age 29 to 44
(C) A large number of people under age 34
(D) A large number of people under age 15
(E) A large number of people over age 45
40. During which stages of demographic transitions are birth rates of a population high?
(A) Preindustrial and industrial stages
(B) Postindustrial and transitional stages
(C) Industrial and postindustrial stages
(D) Transitional and industrial stages
(E) Preindustrial and transitional stages
41. Which of the following has the greatest potential to affect global population?
(A) Curing of chronic diseases
(B) Curing of acute diseases
(C) Prolonging life for older people
(D) Speeding climate change
(E) Genetic engineering
42. For the Chinese, which of the following is a likely consequence of their nation’s One Child Policy?
(A) Declining reproductive services for women
(B) Decreasing access to sterilization, contraception, and abortion
(C) An increase in the number of rural families engaging in agriculture and food production
(D) An increase in funds to support economic growth and militarization
(E) A rapidly growing gender imbalance favoring males
43. Which of the following factors is NOT an explanation for the higher than expected infant mortality rate in the
United States?
(A) inadequate health care for poor women
(B) drug addiction among pregnant women
(C) lack of universal health coverage
(D) greater overall educational level of women
(E) high birth rate among teenagers
44. The current U.S. population is about 312 million people and is growing at an annual rate of 0.9 percent. If the
U.S. population were to grow at this rate for the next year, approximately how many people would be added?
(A) 3 x 10 5
(B) 3 x 10 6
(C) 3 x 10 7
(D) 3 x 10 8
(E) 3 x 10 9
Country
Australia
Bangladesh
China
Ethiopia
India
Population
(millions)
22
159
1336
91
1189
Approximate
Total Land Area
(million km 2 )
8.2
0.14
9.6
1.12
3.29
United States 313 9.63
45. According to the data in the table above, what country has the highest population density?
(A) Australia
(B) Bangladesh
(C) China
(D) Ethiopia
(E) India

46. Which of the following are non-controversial yet effective methods of decreasing birth rate?
(A) Increasing the age of first child-bearing
(B) Increasing spacing between children
(C) Increase education level of women
(D) Increasing pensions and social security programs
(E) All of the above
47. Which of the following is the expected world population trend by 2050?
(A) World population will decline.
(B) Twenty-five percent of the world’s population will be age 60 or over
(C)
The majority of the world’s population will be in the pre-reproductive age category
(D) World population will be stable.
(E) The human population will reach its carrying capacity.

1.
B
2.
E
3.
A
4.
D
5.
E
6.
D
7.
A
8.
B
9.
E
10.
E
11.
D
12.
D
13.
D
14.
A
15.
B
16.
E
17.
C
18.
C
19.
A
20.
A
21.
D
22.
D
23.
A
24.
D
25.
B
26.
D
27.
A
28.
C
29.
C
30.
B
31.
B
32.
A
33.
E
34.
C
35.
D
36.
C
37.
C
38.
B
39.
D
40.
E
41.
B
42.
E
43.
D
44.
B
45.
E
46.
E
47.
B