Ecology Study Guide
Match the vocabulary terms with their definitions
____1. An organism’s job in the environment
A. Abiotic factors
____2.
The number and variety of organisms in an area
B. Biodiversity
____3.
Moving out of a population
C. Biomass
____4.
Non-native; grows exponentially
D. Biotic factors
____5.
Loss of water from plant leaves
E. Emigration
____6.
Nonliving components
F. Exotic species
____7.
Moving into a population
G. Immigration
____8.
Ultimate source of energy in an ecosystem
H. Niche
____9.
Amount of living material
I. Sun
____10. Living components
J. Transpiration
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------1. List the levels of organization from simplest to most complex beginning with organism.
2. What happens when two animals in the same habitat have the same niche?
3. What are the three types of symbiosis? Give the symbols for each.
4. How are predator and prey populations related?
5. What is a producer?
6. What are the 3 main types of consumers and what do they eat?
7. What do we call organisms that eat animals that have already died?
8. What role do decomposers play in the environment? Give 2 examples of decomposers.
9. What is the ultimate source of energy for all ecosystems?
10.What happens to the amount of energy as you move up a food chain?
11.What is the only way carbon dioxide is taken out of the atmosphere?
12.List 3 ways carbon dioxide is put in to the atmosphere.
13.Describe the Greenhouse Effect. What is it? What is the issue?
14.What is logistic growth? Draw the graph.
15.What is exponential growth? Draw the graph.
16.List 3 limiting factors to population growth.
17.What does an age structure graph show you about a population? Describe an age
structure of country experiencing rapid growth.
18.What is bioaccumulation? Give an example.
19.What’s the difference between habitat fragmentation and habitat degradation?
20.What are exotic species? What effect do they have on ecosystems?
Use the diagram to complete the table below. Classify each member of the food web as
autotroph or heterotroph. Then identify each heterotroph as herbivore, carnivore or
omnivore. Then answer the questions that follow.
Grouse
Goshawk
Grizzly Bear
Chipmunk
Elk
Insects
Seeds
Berries
Autotrophs
Marmot
Grasses
Heterotrophs
Type of Heterotroph
1.
4.
11.
2.
5.
12.
3.
6.
13.
7.
14.
8.
15.
9.
16.
10.
17.
Age Structure Practice
1. What does an age structure show you about a population?
2. Is Mexico's population stable or experiencing rapid growth?
3. Is the US population stable or experiencing rapid growth?
4. Is Sweden’s population stable or experiencing rapid growth?
5. From the age structure graph of Mexico, what can you tell about the Mexican
birth rate compared to its death rate?
6. Would the population of Sweden be considered industrialized (developed) or
developing?
7. Would the population of Mexico be considered industrialized (developed) or
developing?
8. Which one of these countries is experiencing rapid growth?
9. Why do you think the US and Sweden have larger numbers in the 80+ age
range than Mexico?
10. Which age range is considered to be the major reproductive ages?
11. About what percent of the US population is between the ages of 5 and 9?
12. About what percent of Mexico’s population is between the ages of 5 and 9?
13. What percent of the US population are females between the ages of 25 – 29?
14. What percent of Mexico’s population are females between the ages of
25 – 29?