ATP
Active Transport
Requires energy or
ATP
Can move materials
from LOW to HIGH
concentration
AGAINST
concentration gradient
ACTIVE TRANSPORT
EXAMPLE #1:
Proteins can pump molecules
against the concentration
gradient (flow).
The protein uses ATP energy to
push the molecules where the cell
NEEDS them to be, regardless of
the concentration.
Label the protein pump on your
cell membrane!
ACTIVE TRANSPORT
EXAMPLE #2: ENDOCYTOSIS
Very large or bulk material
(a lot at once) can be moved
INTO the cell by a process
called ENDOCYTOSIS.
“en” like “enter”
There are two forms:
PHAGOCYTOSIS
PINOCYTOSIS
Endocytosis – Phagocytosis
Used to engulf large items (biomolecules
or pathogens) or bulk by creating a
vesicle.
Called “Cell Eating”
Phagocytosis Capture of a Yeast
Cell (yellow) by
membrane
extensions of an
Immune System
Cell, or white blood
cell (blue)
Endocytosis – Pinocytosis
Used to engulf
large amounts of
liquid by creating a
vesicle.
Called “Cell drinking”
ACTIVE TRANSPORT
EXAMPLE #2: EXOCYTOSIS
Very large or bulk material (a lot at once) can
be moved OUT the cell by a process called
EXOCYTOSIS.
“ex” like “exit”
Moving the “Big Stuff”
Exocytosis
- moving
things
out.
Molecules are moved out of the cell by vesicles that fuse
with the plasma membrane.
This is how many hormones are secreted and how nerve
cells communicate with one another.
Exocytosis
Exocytic
vesicle
immediately
after fusion
with plasma
membrane.