By Katherine Pitcher, Isabelle Wal, Margaret Doyle,
Kait Luncher, Hannah Purvis, Anaca Reed, and
Sophia Dettling
bestfreeclipart.com;
solarfeeds.com
1880-1894—European
powers rapidly colonized
Africa
 King Leopold II hired Sir
Henry Stanley to help him
acquire land in the Congo
Basin
 Dr. David Livingstone
opened Africa’s interior and
spread Christianity and
awareness to end slavery.
 Advances in transportation,
medicine, and military power
also contributed
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http://wfps.k12.mt.us/teachers/carmichaelg/
new_page_34.htm
Great Britain: Egypt and
dreams of "Cape to Cairo”
France: active trade in West
Africa
Belgium: King Leopold II
struggled for land around the
Congo River
http://exploringafrica.matrix.msu.edu/
teachers/curriculum/m9/activity4.php
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English financer/businessman
Lived in South Africa
became prime minister of
Cape Colony
 Dreamed of acquiring
British colonies from south
to north
 Build a railroad from Cape
Town to Cairo
 Competed against other
European powers with
similar motives
“The Rhodes Colossus” ajdrake.com
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France tried to link its
colonies from west to east
(Senegal to Djibouti)
 Lead to the Fashoda Incident
and eventual defeat of France
 Portuguese also tried to link
their colonies
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Economic issues kept Britain
from building the railroad
Map of Africa and European control, 1914
memoryofthisimpertinence.blogspot.com
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Beginning of 19th century, few people were
practicing Christianity, most were practicing
Islam
10,000 missionaries were working at the
height of imperialism
Missionaries were spreading Protestant,
Catholic, and Anglican branches of
Christianity
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Important missionary
from Scotland
Believed that
Christianity could help
stop slavery
Traveled from eat to
west spreading
Christianity to as many
people as possible
havelshouseofhistory.com
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1884-1885
Colonization of virtually all of Africa by
European powers
Called together by Otto von Bismarck of
Germany
Before, 80 percent of Africa under local rule
Afterwards political boundaries divided Africa
into 50 irregular countries
wysinger.homestead.com
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wysinger.homestead.com
New country
boundaries divided
coherent groups of
people and merged
groups that didn’t get
along
Congo was originally
“neutral” and open to
trade
 Was then claimed by
Belgium’s King Leopold II
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Africaoil.ning.com
South Africa is a world
leader in mining
Imperialism emerged with
the discovery of gold and
diamond
Dutch came and utilized
Cape of Good Hope as
fueling station
 British later took over
In order to ensure a profit,
British took full power of
African labor
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Cecil Rhodes,
notablebiographies.com
Some of world’s largest goldfields
End of 1871—50,000 people lived in
Kimberley mining camp
Cecil Rhodes gained control at age
16
Imperialism over African slaves
provoked racial discrimination
 Led to Apartheid
Brittanica.com
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The Boer war was between the
British and the two, Boer
Republics of Transvaal and
Orange Free State
 Boers were descendents of
Dutch settlers, who lived in
the area of what we call
South Africa
 Boers had tried to get away
from British rule, and set up
their own republics elsewhere
 Valuable resources such as
diamond and gold, were
found in the Boer Republics,
causing war to break out
between the two groups
http://www.infobarrel.com/media/image/
1582.jpg
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British used extremely cruel and
harsh tactics to get the Boers to
surrender, such as concentration
camps
After 3 years at war, the Boers
finally surrendered in 1902
The two republics were put
under British control and united
with the Cape Colony, creating
the union of South Africa
This creation was the start of the
years of racial segregation to
come, because the government
set up by British rule was run by
Whites
http://media.tumblr.com/tumblr_lyiytjy4Io1qbvnui.jpg
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Series of laws were passed by an all white
parliament, which chipped away at the rights
of blacks
Mines and Work Act of 1911 and
1926
Whites received higher wages
than blacks
1913 Native Land Act
Daniel Malan; Prime Minister
Historycentral.com
Apartheid: Based on African
word for separation; system of
racial segregation and white
supremacy
 Apartheid governed every
aspect of peoples life
 1950 Population Registration Act
 Blacks were issued passbooks
 Blacks could be arrested if not
having the passes
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upload.wikimedia.org;
www.macalester.edu
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Africa: Continent in the Balance. Philadelphia: Mason Crest, 2005. Print.
http://wombat.cusd.chico.k12.ca.us/~bsilva/projects/scramble/
http://africanhistory.about.com/od/eracolonialism/a/ScrambleWhy.htm\
http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/historic_figures/livingstone_david.shtml
http://www.saburchill.com/history/chapters/empires/0048.html
http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/ 501604/Cecil-John-Rhodes
http://www.wholesomewords.org/mission/bliving3.html
http://apsva.us/page/13028
http://encyclopedia.farlex.com/imperialism.+19th-century+European
http://lakeplacidcsd.net/lpcsweb.highschool/time/impreli.html
http://www.bbb.co.uk/worldservice/africa/features/storyofaftrica/8chapt
er4.shtml
http://school.eb.com/eb/article-43774?query=christian%20missionaries
%20in520africa&ct=null
http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/british/victorians/boer_wars_01.shtml
http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/WARboer.htm