BY
BERNEDETTE
KAFARI
NORTHERN REGIONAL SHEP COORDINATOR
COCONUT GROOVE HOTEL
ACCRA
29TH JULY 2010
 BACKGROUND
 OBJECTIVES
 MAIN FOCUS AREAS
 KEY LESSONS
 SUCCESSES
 CHALLENGES
 POST STUDY TOUR ACHIEVEMENTS
 WAY FORWARD
BACKGROUND


As part of UNICEF’S platform for experience sharing, a
10 day interactive meeting was organized in India for
people of varied backgrounds to exchange ideas on
Water and Sanitation.
56 Participants representing 18 countries across the
world took part in the conference.
BACKGROUND
The Countries represented for
Module ‘C’ included:
•
•
•
•
•
Afghanistan
Bhutan
Bangladesh
Cambodia
Djibouti
•Ghana
• Kenya
• Rwanda
• Zambia
A SECTION OF THE PARTICIPANTS
The Practical Field visits took place in
Lalitpur – Uttar Pradesh and
Dibrugarh – Assam, both in India.
OBJECTIVES
To gain insights in school and
community linkages for sustainable
management
 To observe the child friendly school
sanitation approaches in Schools –
Technology and its application

OBJECTIVES
To learn the process for promoting handwashing with soap in schools.
 To learn about the participation of children
in promoting Hygiene and Sanitation
through children’s Cabinets/ Health and
Hygiene Clubs and their roles in
disseminating Hygiene behaviours in the
communities.

MAIN FOCUS OF MODULE
Implementation Strategies
 Institutional Arrangements/ Inter – Sectoral
Coordination
 Programme Components

Child Participation

Child friendly school sanitation Approaches

Hygiene campaigns/ promotion in schools

Menstrual hygiene management

Hygiene and Sanitation in Tea gardens.

ACTIVITIES
Practical interactive field visits were carried
out to schools. Interactions were with school
children, teachers, NGO partners working at
the State and the District level and finally
Child Cabinets.
 Debriefing meetings were held with each
State and District level Authorities after the 3
day period of learning in each state/ District.
In all, 4 Districts were visited.

KEY LEARNINGS
LALITPUR 14th – 17th April 2010.

-It is located in the North Western part of India.
-81% of the communities are Rural settlements.
-The main occupation of the people is farming.
-75% of the people live below the poverty line of
less than 1 dollar.
KEY LEARNINGS

LALITPUR Contd
Visited 2 primary schools and 2 JHS
 [A] – Institutional Arrangements:
•
Clear roles and responsibilities for central
government, state governments, total
sanitation committees at the District with the
District Magistrate as the Chairperson,
UNICEF, education Schools etc.
KEY LEARNINGS
-Convergence of Funds (State and
Central government funds and even
village funds).
KEY LEARNINGS
[B] – Child Participation and Child friendly
school sanitation Approaches:
-Engagement of Children in deciding Facilities

-Child cabinet is made up of the President and his/her
vice, Prime Minister and his/her deputy and Ministers
and their deputies eg Health, Environment, Sports etc.
-Child Cabinets used for inspection of colleagues on
Hygiene behaviours eg. Fingernails, hair, uniform,
teeth and handwashing.
Hand washing facilities and soap
available
KEY LEARNINGS
-
Use of local
construction
materials eg. Local
clay pot for storage
of water, long
handle cups for
communal use in
fetching water to
avoid contamination.
KEY LEARNINGS
-
-
Construction of an
incinerator attached
to adolescent girls
toilet for safe
disposal of used
sanitary pads.
Construction of
innovative hand
washing facility.
KEY LEARNINGS
-Application
of Technology for innovative
school Wash – eg force lift pumps, ie lift
water from boreholes to overhead Tank
through hand pumping for storage in flushing
school toilets.
-Use of mirrors for children to reflect on their
hygiene status.
-Mena Manch - Radio Episodes on different
themes.
KEY LEARNINGS
-Holistic approach to look at food hygiene
during mid day meals.
-Activity based hygiene education (Quiz,
Games-Ludo, etc.)
-Hygiene promotion through slogan, music,
songs, dance, poetry.
-Bright wall paintings with key hygiene
messages and posters.
Children supported to wash their hands
for their mid day meals.
KEY LEARNINGS
-community involvement in hygiene promotion
and packaging of hygiene messages in local
context.
-Monitoring board for key hygiene behavior.
KEY LEARNINGS


DIBRUGARH-ASSAM 18th – 21st April 2010.
Visited 5 schools (1 nursery, 2 primary and 2 middle
schools).
-Assam is the Largest state of Eastern India.
-Notably the Assam branch of the Indian Tea.
-60% of their income is generated from the Tea
village/ gardens.
-90% of the population in this area live below the
Poverty Line of 1 dollar a day.
THE TEA VILLAGE/ GARDENS OF ASSAM
KEY LEARNINGS
-Sanitation Pledge recited at school
Assembly each morning as a campaign
for Hygiene and Sanitation Promotion.
-The use of the Child Cabinet – Appointment
of Sanitation committees responsible for
Sanitation and Hygiene in classrooms and
school compound, and personal hygiene
of peers.
-Implementation of Hygiene and Sanitation
in school curriculum i.e. – classroom
based hygiene education.
-Activity-based hygiene promotion (the last
period is devoted everyday for activitybased hygiene promotion e.g. reading
story books on hygiene, games, drill etc).
Children playing sanitation game
KEY LEARNINGS
-Teachers were trained as regards the use of the
games, drills, storybooks etc and general hygiene
promotions in schools.
-Hygiene education is included in the Teacher
Training curriculum.
-Use of twin leaching pits – (makes it easy to empty
pits)
-The use of locally available materials to construct
household toilets.
Inclusive Toilets (household sanitation in the labour
lines
SUCCESSES
-There is proper maintenance of household toilets.
-All key stakeholders (Government, Parents, teachers
and children) showed very high interest and played
their roles effectively.
-Schools have regular supply of water without the use
of machines.
-Positive Influence trickles to community from school
through the children.
SUCCESSES
-Leadership positions used to promote hygiene
in schools builds confidence in children and
prepares them for future leadership.
-Availability of latrines in every household
especially in the tea village is an achievement
that checks open defecation.
CHALLENGES
-Inadequate ratio of the Toilets to the Children.
-Lack of space within the school compound for other
facilities.
-Proximity of latrines to shallow pumps.
-Unsafe type of urinals adopted for both girls and boys.
-Absenteeism by children is a big challenge.
-Baseline data on disease prevalence was Missing
-Use of same towels for all children.
-Availability of disinfected water.
-No concrete sustainability plan
WAY FORWARD FOR INDIA
•
•
•
•
•
•
Exchange programme between different states.
Ratio of the latrines in schools.
water filters in the schools.
Standardization of force lift pumps.
Standard separate urinals for boys and girls.
Hygiene promotion should move
simultaneously with provision of facilities.
GOOD PRACTICES
•
•
•
PHAST, Bottom Up Planning, Annual WASH
in school Development plan- Integrated
approach (Cambodia, Zambia,
Afghanistan, Kenya & Ghana).
Hygiene Corner, School based health
coordinator (Bangladesh, Rwanda, Ghana).
Annual WASH in schools Monitoring
package-Annual Education statistics
(Bhutan).
ACHIEVEMENTS AFTER CONFERENCE


A meeting was held with all 20 District coordinators on
12th May 2010 at CWSA conference hall where key
learning experiences were shared. Those that can be
adopted into our system were identified and
encouraged to implement.
On May 20, another meeting was organized at the CRS
conference hall with the regional SHEP Committee
(stakeholders) to discuss key learning issues and
implementation strategies.
ACHIEVEMENTS AFTER STUDY TOUR

27th May- 8th July, (2 days for each District) routine
monitoring visits were carried out in the 10 I-WASH
districts where learning experiences were integrated to
the checklist.
NUMBER OF SCHOOLS VISITED BY DISTRICTS
S#
NAME OF DISTRICT
NUMBER OF SCHOOLS
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
Savelugu / Nanton
Tolon/ Kumbungu
Central Gonja
East Gonja
Kpandai
Zabzugu/ Tatale
Karaga
Gushiegu
Nanumba North
Yendi Municipal
15
14
18
15
15
12
13
14
17
22
SPECIFIC AREAS OF IMPLEMENTATION




Child friendly learning environment – using bright colours
to write sanitation messages in the school environment.
Using local materials to construct a permanent hand
washing facility and an incinerator attached to adolescent
girls’ toilets for safe disposal of used sanitary pads.
Sanitation and hygiene campaigns through radio (North
Star)
Using Child Cabinets to promote sanitation and hygiene in
schools.
WAY FORWARD - GHANA
Training workshop for all 20 SHEP coordinators
necessary to improve their capacity and speed
up implementation of new learning.
 Translation of vital materials from Indi to
English for a better understanding by the
Ghanaian SHEP coordinators and schools.
 There is the need for stronger political will by
government and commitment by
parents/community members and teachers.

WAY FORWARD - GHANA
Adequate sanitation kits developed for all
SHEP schools.
 Curriculum modification for Teacher Training
and School periods to include Sanitation and
Hygiene Education.
 There is the need for government and
management of schools to provide adequate
Hygiene and gender-friendly and user-friendly
Sanitation facilities in schools.

THANK YOU