DO NOW: Write the following words in your spiral
and leave room for a definition:
•Digestion
•Mouth
•Esophagus
•Stomach
•Small intestine
•Large intestine
•Sphincter
•Saliva
•Liver
•Gall bladder
•Pancreas
Digestion
• The process of breaking
down food into individual
molecules small enough
to be absorbed through
the intestinal wall
Mouth
• Food is chewed (mechanical digestion) and saliva
begins chemical digestion.
• Tongue forms food into a bolus, and the food is
swallowed.
• From here, it enters the esophagus
Saliva
• This is the only chemical digestion that occurs in
the mouth, all other is mechanical
• Contains the enzyme amylase
• What do you think this breaks down??
Esophagus
• The only thing the esophagus
does is transport food from the
mouth to the stomach.
Stomach
• The stomach stores, mixes, and prepares food for
digestion.
• The stomach mixes food with the gastric juices and
forms chyme.
• About 1 teaspoon of chyme leaves the stomach and
enters the small intestine every 30 seconds
• More fat and fiber in the stomach make it take longer to empty
Small intestine
• Made of parts:
• Duodenum
• Jejunum
• Ileum
• Both mechanical and chemical digestion take place
• This is also where absorption occurs
Large intestine
• Also has 3 parts:
• Cecum
• Colon
• Rectum
• This is where water, sodium,
potassium, and chloride
(electrolytes!) are absorbed.
• Bacteria in the large intestine
produce vitamin K and biotin
which is also absorbed here.
Sphincter
• Allows food to pass from one
organ to the next
• There are ___ sphincters in the
GI Tract
•
•
•
•
Upper esophageal sphincter
Lower esophageal sphincter
Pyloric sphincter
Anal sphincter
Liver
• Accessory Organ
• A major player in the digestion, absorption, and transport
of nutrients
• Is essential in carbohydrate metabolism
• Produces proteins
• Manufactures bile salts that are used to digest fats
• Is the site of alcohol metabolism
• Removes and degrades toxins and excess hormones
Gall bladder
• Accessory Organ
• Receives bile from the liver via
common hepatic duct
• Concentrates bile
• Releases bile into small intestine
via common bile duct
Pancreas
• Accessory Organ
• Endocrine function—releases
hormones to maintain blood
glucose levels
• Exocrine function—secretes
digestive enzymes into the small
intestine
Notes away!
• Activity:
• Use scrabble letters to form vocabulary words
• All words must intersect
• Team with the most points wins!
DOL
• Go to Socrative.com or go to the app
• If you don’t have a smartphone, use a neighbor’s or borrow an ipad
• Room number/code: HOLMAN148
• Enter your name like this: Lastname, Firstname (ex: Holman, Allison)
• Correctly order the parts of the digestive system.