STATE OF ELDERLY PEOPLE IN TURKEY
Old age is a relative concept . Every old person has a biological background, work experience
and emotional life . Also, from one society to another, aging shows differences according to
the period.
Every human in the ongoing battle during getting old, social and cultural factors play an
important role . Aging as an individual is a change in a person's physical and mental aspects .
Although the aging is individual, social values and other factors in the community determine
the value of elderly people. Therefore, age is not only a biological event , but it ıs also a social
and cultural phenomenon. The World Health Organization (WHO) makes a distinction ,
according to the medium between the ages of 45-59 years, 60-74 years old age, advanced age
between the ages of 75-89 and 90 and above is taken from the old age category. Although
biological aging needs such a category , this assessment can not be considered definite and
unchangeable . With aging, a reduction in mental and physical capacity , the ability to move
may slowdown but individuals may not feel old .
In Turkey, the problem of old age comes from behind, comparing to the industrialized
western societies, due to the demographic, economic and socio- cultural structure reasons .
However, this does not imply that there is no problem. Because in the 2000s, in the category
of developing countries, as a candidate of the European Union, it is foreseen that compared to
developed countries the elderly population numbers will be more than twice and that is a
major problem without the measures to be taken. Participating in the process is important, in
terms of individuals and society.The process of the development of communities with
educated individuals has a more rapid progress. Both economically and socially education
plays an important role in the welfare of society. However, between males and females
participants in the educational process there are differentiation. Considering the level of
education of the elderly population, it is observed that 84 percent of women did not complete
primary school. This rate is 70 percent for males. High school educated women within the
elderly population is 2 percent. On the other hand, 4 percent of older men, have high school
or have received a higher education .
As family relations in Turkey are still strong , in determining habitat preferences of the
elderly , especially when compared with developed countries shows that there are differences.
Due to the research results, 7 out of every 10 children or with older children live in the same
house or in the same building on same the street or in the same neighborhood . Although
significant differences are not seen between the sexes, generally it is preferred to live with the
children . Such a choice, aged and elderly as well as children's social and economic terms can
be considered to be quite advantageous .
At the point of meeting the needs of the elderly population has the responsibility to know the
importance of the planning the services offered for the elderly. According to the survey, the
elderly in providing the needs of the population and 43 percent stated that they have the
principal responsibility . This proportion is 27 percent male and 66 percent. 25 percent of
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women indicated their husbands as the main responsible, in providing the needs of men, this
rate is 4 percent . 56 per cent of children aged women as mainly responsible reporting, as 27
percent of men were seen. Income seniors to have any economic sense for the maintenance of
life terms are important. According to the survey , 56 percent of the elderly population have
income . On the other hand , men and women with incomes of elderly population there are
significant differences . While 75 percent of elderly males have income, this rate is reduced to
38 percent with elderly women . On the other hand the analysis is carried out, the source of
the income of 46 percent elderly men declared as pension income , other important income
sources of old-age people is the rent / interest income . Only 10 percent of men are working .
Only 6 percent of elderly women get salary for retirement . While 10 percent of women get
salary for elderly , only 1 percent is still working .
Legal Status
After the proclamation of the Republic in 1923 , in 1930 by Law No. 1580 came into force for
the first time, the public enterprise to municipalities in need of care people ( the elderly )
protection , nursing homes, and directing obligation on the introduction, in different provinces
Acez homes , powerless hostel, hospice , and nursing home under the name of boarding older
organizations have been opened. At the same time various associations, minorities and the
elderly to real persons aged institutions have opened to serve the boarding . 07/10/2004
accepted on the 5216 new Metropolitan Municipality according to the Law , the metropolitan,
district and local municipality duties and responsibilities of the general lines determined by
the elderly in the "in service delivery disabled, elderly , and needy situation of the appropriate
methods are applied" has taken place in the form of a general provision . All kinds of social
assistance and security services , organize, vulnerable elderly, children and disabled care,
placed in an institution and with the rehabilitation work without the power indigent persons
social security to ensure the 3017 numbered Health Outreach Organization of the Ministry of
Law 17 in accordance with article 225 of Law No. 4 with Article 1963 of the Social Services
Directorate General has established. Due to the 1982 Constitution Article 61 the Social
Services area within the groups that needed protection , care , assistance and rehabilitation of
needy children, disabled and elderly clearly determined, recognizing the state's required
organizations and facilities in this field established .
Prepared in accordance with this provision of the Constitution and Legal on 27/05/1983
Newspapers published in 2828 enacted the Social Services and Child Protection Institutions
Act and social service activities related to the supervision and control of the state shall be
carried out with the participation of the public and voluntary contributions . Thus by Law No.
2828 the Social Services and Child Protection was established (SHCEK ) "Economic and
social deprivation are in special needs groups ( families , children, disabled , needy , elderly
and other people ) to meet requirements of various problems preventing and helping to solve
that , living standards aimed to improve systematic and programmatic services as a whole ,
local and at the national level planning, management and monitoring " has undertaken the task
Elderly in need is determined by the law of the case will be opened for the elderly functioning
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of institutions and organizations , the task of running provided services are indicated in the
content of these laws .
In addition, in order to ensure social security of the elderly having worked for a certain period
who was entitled to receive pension after social security services for the substance of the law
is carried out by the following :
RETIREMENT FUND
Depending on the Retirement Fund Law No. -5434 Retirement salary,
Law No. 2022 age 65 salary ,
Social Insurance Institution
Old-age Insurance in accordance to Law No. -506 ,
Acording to Law No. -506 No.20 the Articles of the Bank , Insurance, Reinsurance
Companies the old Age salary to the associates ,
-2925 Accordance with the law Agriculture Workers Old Age salary Tradesmen and Artisans
and Other Self-Employed Act
- Accordance with the law of 1479 Tradesmen and Artisans and the Self Employee Old Age
salary In accordance with the law 2926 Agriculture to Their Own Behalf of Employees Old
Age salary ,
Individual retirement savings and investment System Law No. -4697 Deposit Primer must
own Old Age retirement salary
Law no7397 the Insurance Supervision Law Applied Policy
No. 2828 in accordance with the principles laid down by law existing for the elderly services
are carried out within the framework of the three regulations. They are:
1 - Social Services Nursing Homes and Elderly Care and Rehabilitation Center regulation,
2 - Private Nursing Homes and Elderly Nursing Regulation,
3 - Public Agencies and Institutions that are established within " the Establishment and
Functioning of Nursing
Regulation on Principles is.:
In addition, the planned development efforts in Turkey began in 1963 , five-year development
plan in every field with the development of policies for the purpose have taken place up to the
present. For the elderly policy , it is discussed under the heading of social services and
involved in almost all plans .
From 1963 until 2005 ,in every development plans which are held in every five years, all of
the steps taken for the elderly , have also been presented. The most recent development plan
under the heading of social services and assistance discussed " our country's social-economic
development in parallel with the development of industrialization , urbanization and family
structure changes occurred and according to the population growth over age 60 and over age
group, is seen as slowly increasing, shows the importance of opening nursing home and
elderly solidarity centers. "statements take place.
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International Commitments
World Health Organization's motto in 21 century " health for all " theme 5 , relates directly to
elderly people , 13. goal is to bring arrangements for the provision of a healthy environment .
In the "International Population and Development Conference" held in Cairo, which Turkey
has also participated , the impacts of the world population increasingly aging and population
aging, social and economic focuses on the importance of the elderly individual in social
development was emphasized. Again in this conference to look after the elderly by their
family members ,the need of social support systems , ensuring health care for the elderly are
identified .
For the first time in Vienna in 1982, in order to determine aging-related policies " 1st
Assembly on Aging " is arranged . Assembly adopted the "Vienna International Plan of
Action on Aging " is also approved by the Board of the United Nations . Independent living,
participation, care, self-fulfillment and dignity of life can be summarized under five headings
which has provided detailed recommendations. In the assembly which was organized by the
United Nations in Madrid held through 8 to 12 April 2002 , 2nd Assembly on Ageing ,
International Action Plan was prepared " improving the quality of life of the elderly
population , social integration, and health problems, establishing policies covering all age
groups was prepared . For the next twenty years , especially in aging policies and practices set
priorities and actions were identified . Both assemblies also offer suggestions on a global
scale despite the " Vienna Action Plan" to the more developed countries , " the Madrid Plan of
Action has been more emphasis on developing countries . United Nations Population Fund
(UNFPA) , the aging of the United Nations (UN ) Millennium Declaration is situated in the
internationally agreed development goals , especially eliminating poverty. In order to achieve
the goals that are shown in Millennium Development Goals and the International Population
and Development Conference, including in the international recognized development , aging
issues and older people's issues and poverty reduction strategies must take place in every
national development agenda and should be included is defended. According to the
Internatıonal Madrid Action Plan which is about aging, UNFPA contiues to support to
strentghen the national capacity in order to develop the strategies for reducing poverty and
increasing the quality of life for the elderly people.
ELDERLY SERVICES OFFERED IN TURKEY
In Turkish society , services to the elderly should be named in two periods as before and after
the Republic. Turkish culture entrenched in the law of love and compassion, children and the
elderly have become the main point of family behavior .In the period when Turks have
shamanistic beliefs , shamans with age and experience spiritual life often influenced people .
While developing, former Turkish tribes living in veteran community,old people began to be
regarded as respectable and very useful people , and this has become a tradition . Beliefs and
traditions related to social assistance in Turkey has long been exist . After the Turks accepted
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Islam they have helped the needy and the weak as their religious beliefs charity together with
other groups that help be given to the elderly persons have made more sense .In Quran there
are verses about helping to elderly and disabled people .
Examining of the history of the services provided to the elderly , it is observed that helping
form and the structure of the society and the social and cultural stereotypes developed
according to their beliefs . It is understood that assistance and protection of the elderly is very
important in every period in Turkish society according to the established foundations.
The first institution caring for elderly people Seljuk period, in 11th century has been
established.In Sivas 11th century by the Sons of Reha, Darülreh ( Nursing ) was built,
Egyptian ruler of Erbil Muzaffereddin was built four hospice and shelter for widows .
Mamluks during the 13th century Seyfettin Kalavun Hospital opened in Cairo and facilities
are available to serve the widows and the elderly .
During the Ottoman era hospices , kitchens and dervish lodges are known to serve the
needy elderly . Social services were held by foundations untill 19th century . In this area
charities serving public institutions began to be founded in 19th century . These organizations
provide services to the elderly in addition to other groups in need . The Red Crescent Society
which was founded in 1868 and Hospice , which was founded in 1895 , established during the
Ottoman period are the institutions which continue teir services up to the present . The
Hospice(Darülacize) which was founded during the reign of Abdulhamid II,established to
protect disabled and poor men, women and orphaned children, today, it is managed by the
Istanbul Municipality. The purpose of this institution is without discriminating race and
religion , to host , to save froneedy people from despair and to provide a comfortable life .
After Turkish Republic Period , in 1930 with the law numbered 1580, first public institutions
in municipalities, for the need of people ( the elderly ) protection , nursing homes, and
directing obligation on the introduction , in different provinces, Acez homes , powerless
hostel, hospice , and nursing home under the name of old boarding institutions have been
opened .
ELDERLY SERVICES OFFERED IN TURKEY
In Turkish society, services to the elderly before and after the Republican era is possible to
handle two periods. Turkish culture entrenched in the law of love and compassion, children
and the elderly have become the focal point of family behavior. Turkish shamanistic faiths of
In that period, shamans often with age and experience spiritual life of the community are
influential people. Oguz utmost dedication and respect to the period are also great.
Former Turkish tribes living in the times of the elderly veteran community with the
development of very useful in, began to be regarded as respectable people, and this has
become a tradition. Beliefs and traditions related to social assistance in Turkey has long
been understood to exist. After the Turks accepted Islam as their religious beliefs should
have helped the needy and the weak. Filters and charity together with other groups that help
be given to the elderly persons have made more sense.In Quran there are verses about
elderly and disabled people about helping.
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Examination of the history of the services provided to the elderly,it is seen to help the
structure of the society and the social and cultural stereotypes, it is observed according to
their beliefs. Assistance to the elderly in every period in Turkish society and protection of the
elderly as they are taken to be understood from the presence of the former institution.
The first institution caring for elderly people has been established in the 11th century
during the Seljuk period. Reha in Sivas in the 11th century commissioned by the Sons of
Darülreh (Nursing), Egyptian ruler of Erbil Muzaffereddin commissioned by Abu Said
Gökbörü facilities, four hospice and shelter for widows were located. Mamluks in the 13th
century during the Seyfettin Kalavun Hospital opened in Cairo and facilities are available to
serve the widows and the elderly.
Ottoman era hospices, soup kitchens and dervish lodges are known to serve the needy
elderly. Social services were offered by foundations until the 19th century. In this area,
serving public institutions and charities began to be founded in the 19th century. These
organizations provide services to the elderly in addition to other groups in need . They are
situated between the Red Crescent Society, which was founded in 1868 and Hospice, which
was founded in 1895, established the Ottoman period are the institutions which continue to
the present day services. Primarily during the reign of Abdulhamid II disabled and poor men,
women and orphaned children into service to protect the hospice today of the Istanbul
Municipality, the revolving fund is managed by an institution. The purpose is without
discriminating race and religion, keen to host, to save him from despair and to provide a
comfortable life.
Republic in the aftermath of the effect in 1930 entering 1580 with the law numbered first
public institution to municipalities in need of care people (the elderly) protection, nursing
homes, and directing obligation on the introduction, in different provinces Acez homes,
powerless hostel, hospice, and nursing home under the name of old boarding institutions
have been opened. All kinds of social assistance and security services, organize, vulnerable
elderly, children and disabled care, placement and rehabilitation work with lacking the power
of indigent persons social security to ensure the 3017 numbered Health Outreach
Organization of the Ministry of Law 17 according to the article 225 of Law No. Article 4 of the
in 1963, the General Directorate of Social Services has been established. The first nursing
home under the Ministry of Health and Social Welfare in 1966 in Konya, Eskisehir was
opened in the latter.
1982 Constitution, Article 61 of the Social Services area within the groups clearly identified
and the Constitution, this provision drafted in line with 2828 Social Services and Child
Protection Agency Law and social services activities related to the state's control and
supervision of the public in voluntary contributions and with the participation in integrity
execution has been introduced mainly. Law No. 2828, Article 4 of the general principles
within the dependent elderly detection, protection, maintenance, provision of related services
to carry out these services needed for social service organizations establish and run tasks
related to the fulfilling of the same Act 10th clause (f) clause based on elderly Services
Department Presidency was established
Services Offered by Public Institutions and Organizations
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Primarily in the provision of elderly welfare "quality of life" there is aneed need to be
improved. Universal criteria of quality of life; suitable housing conditions and equipment,
sufficient and balanced nutrition, clothing needs to be met, the establishment of healthy
family relationships, consumer behavior, determining adequate income is the rational
management of resources and economically. In determining the extent of the services that
can be offered to the elderly of this should be taken into consideration. Today also be given
to the elderly community and social support did not belong to the state of homework,
volunteers, organizations and institutions is the fact that a very great responsibility. Public
institutions and organizations, offers a range of services to the elderly.
1-SOCIAL SECURITY
Covered by the social security system, ageing is one of the major social risks. One of the
services offered to the elderly in Turkey is the social security services. After working for a
certain period , receivıng a pension provision of social security services for the elderly
constitute a significant part . The social state of the Republic of Turkey as a requirement to
provide social security is stated in1982 Constitution, in Articles 60, 61 and 62 are indicated.
The state of social risks (old age, invalidity, death, accidents at work, occupational disease,
sickness, maternity, family expenses and unemployment) as well as inhibiting task through
social insurances include a protective role.
Provisions relating to the protection of the elderly, along with social security for all is a
fundamental right that is stated in the 1982 Constitution. Why monthly income seniors with
varying social conditions, health benefits and health care for the dependents of the person
that can now be made. Social security services for the elderly; Retirement Fund Law (5434
Law No. 2022), the Social Insurance Institution Law (Law No. 506, and of this Act, Article 20
of Law 2925), Craftsmen and Artisans and Other Self-Employed Act (1479 and 2926 Laws)
is carried out through . As well as any of them are not subject to social security institutions
and the vulnerable situation of the elderly 3294 Social Assistance and Solidarity Act, are
entitled to benefits
2-SOCIAL ASSISTANCE
Prime Minister with the General Directorate of Social Assistance and Solidarity 3294 came
into force in 1986, Social Assistance and Solidarity Act
scope; factor in poverty and vulnerable situation, social security
organizations and these organizations are not subject to income from the monthly and
receiving (Law No. 2022
People who receive the monthly fees) seniors are benefiting from the foundation.
Reached the age of 65 needy, weak and helpless to Turkish citizens in 2001
As of the end of June
705,108 people age,
62,789 people invalidity,
Disability total 948,517 people, including 180,548 people in the General Directorate of Social
Assistance and Solidarity depend on social assistance were made by foundations.
Rights that have rapidly increased the number of widows and orphans is not an increase in
the number of active insured asset-liability balance is impaired, a retired about two people
came to look at the case. In this case, seven developed countries is in the form of a pension
to the insured. These problems existing in the Turkish social security system, social security
is reflected in the elderly. The elderly, fail to be entitled to a substantial monthly income.
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Especially in the agricultural sector has not provided adequate social security for the elderly.
In our country, "65 Years of Age Needy, weak, underprivileged Turkish citizens Monthly
About Connecting the Law "applications since 1977 continues. This policy of "social state" is
to create an instance of the concept.
Within the scope of social security to pensioners, increasing health expenditures tend to
shows. Per capita health expenses
107 for 1990
238 for 1995
421 for 2000
$ 851 for 2005.
3-SOCIAL SERVICES
All over the world and in our country as a result of the advancement of medicine with the
human life span has increased in the elderly population. In addition, industrialization and
urbanization in the process of the extended family to the nuclear family transformation, from
rural areas to urban areas immigration, women entering working life and traditional culture
and values change in the elderly in the family to its former role lost causes, the age of a
prestigious element of being symptom generations due to differences between the home
care of the elderly as a growing problem emerges.
The reasons mentioned above every day increasing numbers of social and economic
deprivation found in the older persons in need a peaceful home environment in-sustaining,
physical and mental health, the protection of social relations, the development and
continuation; peace, security and prosperity in order to enable them to live in nursing homes
were needed to the opening.
Pursuant to Law No. 2828 on Private Nursing Homes and Nursing Homes for Elderly
accordance with the provisions of the Regulation; 55 years old and not in the social and / or
economic deprivation found in institutional care in private nursing homes of elderly
individuals who need special care needs of the elderly in the nursing care and protection are
provided.
Private nursing service organizations are grouped under three headings.
These are:
* Establishments of associations and foundations,
* Belonging to minority organizations,
* organizations that are belonging to real people
CAPACITY OF HOME FOR THE AGED (REST HOME)
302,147 nursing homes belonging to associations and foundations
7,979 nursing homes belonging to minorities
642 233 private nursing homes
TOTAL 1015369
T. C. According to the Pension Fund Act 5434; rest and nursing homes for elderly people
through service applications are executed. fund, services for the elderly opened in 1985 with
a capacity of 570 Istanbul Etiler Rest and Nursing Home was opened in 1125 with a capacity
of 2001yıl Narlıdere Rest and Nursing Home has been opened.
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Rest and nursing homes of the elderly or bedridden as a permanent or temporary physical mental decline due to the special attention, support and protection to ensure the care and
rehabilitation of those needing special care units are also available.
In January of 2002 in Ankara with a capacity of 316 75th Year Rest and Nursing Home was
opened . Nursing home has "physical therapy and rehabilitation unit in" pool, treatment
rooms, physical activity rooms, health unit, hobby rooms, multipurpose hall, library, reading
rooms, bakeries, dining room with nine recreation room and a bazaar.
T. C. Pension Fund, on the one hand institutional care services in developing quantitativequalitative for elderly people, on the other hand is exploring alternative service models. T. C.
Pension Fund General Directorate considered "Elderly Home Care, Support and Assistance
Project" in accordance Ankara Bahçelievler and Aşağı Ayrancı district sitting in 300 elderly
and conducted a research in the research needs of the elderly and the expected service type
of parallelism has been observed. Depending on the results of research projects prepared;
* Emergency medical services,
* Day-care service centers,
* Cleaning services,
* Social events,
* Home to the food service,
* Repair, renovation work is scheduled to be related to the provision of services
Some provincial public education center directorates contributions also by utilizing the elders
to the basic requirements, as well as crafts courses at the library, reading books are provided
with, for special occasions, social activities are organized, psychological and social problems
and excursions and entertainment are organized . Retirement Fund pension from 60 years of
age and older retirees, widows, orphans and disabled people who want body wages and tax
refund amounts are paid by wire transfer in housing delivery.
Domestic passenger transport service from the age of 60 and up to 20 percent discount and
monthly discounted rail travel possibilities are endless with round cards. In addition, camp
services including retired staff are given special circuits. Of the elderly and the disabled to
the extent possible in order to benefit freely from the PTT service arrangements have been
made in some circles. Airport and public squares, etc. in places accessible toilets.
arrangements are made and elderly passengers also benefit from this convenience.
Number of Nursing Home Capacity
Affiliated to the Ministry of Nursing 72592
212,099 of Municipalities Nursing Homes
Nursing Homes 566 connected to other Ministries
Total 285257
Public institutions and organizations providing services for elderly people and
capacities depending on the situation as of 13.08.2013
Depending on the Social Services and Child Protection Agency as nursing homes and
rehabilitation centers and nursing home elderly care services
In accordance with Article 15 of Law No. 2828 No. 24325 and Elderly Care Nursing Homes
and Rehabilitation Centers published in the Official newspaper on 21.02.2001. Regulation
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has entered into force. According to the provisions of this regulation to nursing homes;
material and social deprivation, but are the daily needs (eating, drinking and toilets, etc.) can
meet independently, requiring constant medical care and treatment without a serious illness
or disability, mental and spiritual health over the age of 60 and aged people are taken.
Nursing home while staying in a stroke or severe illness due bedridden elderly who have
priority, although nursing home outside of deprivation and destitute from the elderly without
social security, free, social insurance and the elderly are paid in these services can benefit
from here.. Economic deprivation found in the care and treatment of the elderly are free at
government hospitals being built; medicaments, prostheses and other needs are met.
60 percent of the elder people benefit from normal care and 20 percent benefit from special care.
Since 2001, due to increasing demand for aged care and rehabilitation centers and capacity
with the number of "special care section for" home, that the number and capacity of existing
capacity is targeted to increase to 30 per cent. Service centers and department staff,
equipment and so on. aspects of the re-evaluation was made and the "aged care and
rehabilitationcenters for" What will be converted nursing home and determining each nursing
home "special maintenance department" in establishing , studies were carried out .. (For
example, Kastamonu nursing home just before the nursing home, while the need in the
direction of nursing and elderly care and rehabilitation center has been transformed.)
In terms of elderly enshrined in the traditional family, the authority of the elderly outside the
family to be placed in a nursing home, that form is not easily acceptable terms, particularly
for the elderly the case. To lose status in society and give up the life that used to at home for
the elderly is a difficult phenomenon. Home for the aged; as you know, is dominated, in
which self-confidence and feel free, it is an environment where, together with memories. Had
lost control of the environment relative to the nursing home for the first time faced with
people who come from different cultures to live together in an environment that is new. This
is why our country as much as possible of the elderly at home, in the immediate vicinity
without severing the provision of maintenance work towards meeting the requirements have
been initiated.
Elderly services in solidarity centers
Boarding that do not require institutional care, whatever the economic and social status of
the elderly living in the home environment to meet social and psychological needs and the
elderly, to prevent their isolation and solidarity centers have been established
As of 08/13/2013
ELDERLY MALE FEMALE MEMBERS NUMBER OF SERVICE CENTRES
Ankara Labour ISC 37172209
Canakkale YHM 190 23 213
Happy Cooking Dolman Izmir ISC 75362437
Eskişehir YHM 14 5 19
Daylight kırıkkale 181 7188
TOTAL 497 569 1066
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Requirements of the Act No. 2828, these centers opened; lives at home alone or with the
family of the elderly continue to spend their leisure time to guidance and vocational
counseling, meet with their interests has been established to assist individuals who have
difficulty. To improve living conditions, daily life activities to help, they suffer social issues and
provide support services and activities that are intended to improve
One of the important tasks of the center is the educational activities. Especially the elderly
closely balanced and regular diet, health, education, social inclusion, lifelong sport and
social-psychological problems seminars on topics and conduct training activities, individual
experience to connect and social life without being isolated, socially and psychologically can
continue their lives environment for the preparation of all activities of the elderly requests are
conducted in accordance. Therefore, social and psychological support services to meet the
needs of providing day-care services, continues to serve in accordance with the guidelines.
Elderly feel that our work is still of themselves in terms of the importance of these centers is
increasing. Old age, is the period of incurred some age-related disorders . In this period of
discomfort create functions that reduce the loss of life, to organize and to improve
performance or unknowingly ability to uncover the social life the study are implemented
named "theraphy and occupational therapy" . Angry or uneasy for any reason, how a child
might be interested in something else, i to reassure the elderly who become agitated can
also enjoy directing a deal will be able to achieve the same purpose.
A regular hobby helps (hand-efficacy), common in depression, particularly in elderly
individuals, accompanied by some kind of disease in the regulation of excessive food
consumption . Handcrafted of activities common and beneficial effects of the elderly mutual
dialogue to address their needs, starting activities to provide and attention continue to
encourage . information we look at the elderly service centers, the importance of these
centers are understood.Those number of centers are inadequate.
Services provided by local governments
Local management of the tasks, responsibilities, powers and operation disciplines No. 1580
determining the "Municipal Act" was enacted in 1930. Municipalities; in need of assistance to
the elderly in nursing homes to shelter, free medical examination and medical aid in making;
food, fuel, such as city buses to provide free of charge or at a discount is to fulfill the duties.
Economically and culturally developed municipalities are many seminars and outpatient
services, from soup kitchens to food distribution to households, cash assistance, ambulance
home based health services administration, special day celebrations, film, theater and invite
cooperation with volunteer organizations programs are organized by the trip.
However these tasks, is carried out by the provincial and district municipalities especially
large metropolitan municipalities in terms of population and development. Local
governments, claiming elderly people in need of inpatient care units and is making food aid
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to the elderly. This field is operated by local governments and are referred to as in the name
of the old institutions; the old hostel, poorhouse, the powerless hostel, nursing homes .
Central government until 1966 in Konya opened the first nursing care facilities with six
different cities and local governments, have been pioneers in the Republican Period. In this
context, local governments services are stil provided to the elderly in our country.
Turkey's Red Crescent Society services
There are home care services to the elderly who gave some property . Wanting to get home
care services are provided health care services to the elderly in their homes; firewood and
coal needs, nursing fees, and all expenses are covered by the Association. Belonging to the
Association Akcakoca, Edremit, Bandırma there are and four nursing homes located in Sisli
total capacity of 260.
4- HEALTH SERVICES
The Ministry of Health " Health for All in the 21st Century " as the target of the policy 5 " Healthy
Aging and Seniors' Health " and has started work on . Working under the current situation with intrasectoral and inter-sectoral meetings , the problems have been identified ; goals, objectives and
strategies are determined . We are continuing to line made in the best working home health .The
purpose of health care at home is to minimize the negative impact created by the disease and
hospital conditions and to raise their quality of life significantly the bed- dependent elderly in need
of care , to provide health care services in home environments for the disabled were treated in
hospital for a long time and continuation of treatment . In our country, according to the 1990 census
, while 4.3 % of population is the elderly , in 2000 this rate has increased to 5.6% . Turkey
Demographic and Health Survey ( DHS ) in 2003 , according to data in our country age 65 and older
population ratio is 6.9. in our country address-based population registration system in 2010 results
7.2% of populatıon is the 65 and above age group. Analyzing within 20 years, about twice of the rate
of the elderly population in our country has increased.
The purpose of Home Health Care Services provided in our country ; to provide the health care needs
of individuals in the understanding of the social state effective , accessible, as part of home visit .
Home health care applications, is a new sector for Turkey . In Turkey, home care services ,
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03.10.2005 dated and 2575 in the Official Gazette published " Home Health Care Services
Presentation " Regulation under this field, operating in all institutions of Ministry of Health
Certificate of Conformity are compulsory . Those who need home health care can call the telephone
call center and have an appointment . They can phone the hospital, Community health centers ,
family doctors , Government hospitals , orally or by petition within working hours .
Civil Society Organisations and Services offered by private institutions
* Services offered by Civil Society Institutions
Country Geriatric Foundation , Geriatrics and Gerontology Association, Hacettepe University Geriatric
Sciences Research Center ( GEBAU ), the Geriatric Physiotherapy Association, the National Education
Health Education Foundation (MESEV ), Turkey Poor and Homeless Assistance Foundation, Turkey
Seniors Council Association ( TURYAK ) and Turkey Family Planning Association of non-governmental
organizations such as old age and various studies and conducts research on healthy aging have been
done ; symposia, congresses and meetings are organized. Also Confederation of Disabled Turkey ,
Turkey Business Association in cooperation with the " old - handicapped certificate programs to train
nursing staff " are organized and offers services in this area . Also in January 2005 Presidential
General Secretariat, the Ankara Governor's Office and the relevant universities and nongovernmental organizations with contributions " National Education Support Campaign Seniors'
Quality of Life Upgrade" initiative on behalf of the work started , ", the basic principles , rights and
expectations for the elderly. " named document was published.
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* Services offered by private institutions
There are Private nursing homes in metropolitan areas as well as natural persons and legal entities
structured as a trading company owned by granting outpatient . If you need special nursing homes in
the care and protection of the elderly,these are provided. As of March 2008 , 41 associations and
foundations ; A total of 147, 106 real people belonging to the organization's total capacity is 787 .
Private nursing services Law No. 2828 basis enacted in "Private Nursing Homes and Elderly Nursing
Homes Regulations (3 September 1997) with" real persons and legal entities belonging to the nursing
and care homes opening, service , personnel and operating conditions and wages, control, transfer
and closure process have been determined . These organizations will accept the elderly over55 (+ )
years of age . Social and / or economic deprivation found in institutional care for the elderly who
need special nursing homes ; special care of the elderly in need of care and protection in the private
nursing homes are provided.
Aged care services for the elderly in institutions and organizations offering basic
characteristics,should care and know the needs and offer treatment, support and
they also should have , people -loving, respecting , creative, tolerant and patient personality traits.
At the same time holistic approach to elderly individuals , related to the profession
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that could support institutional processes , with a good level of language and communication skills ,
professional
level can communicate qualified , disciplined working environment to adapt to scientific and
professional code of ethics principle, adopting the philosophy of total quality elements should be run
. With private nursing home elderly care centers ; Have completed 55 years of age suffering from
senile dementia - Alzheimer's , heavy paralyzed , bedridden or requiring special care other
In cases where someone in need of support for the elderly is now possible to provide service 24
hours a day boarding . Care plan will be prepared specifically for seniors with content and services to
be provided
determining the frequency of social workers, doctors , psychiatric physiotherapists, dieticians , health
officers , nurses and aged care services will be provided by a team consisting of members . Social
Services for the elderly through on-site service centers will be opened in the building of ISC or social psychological support services at home , patients also will be provided day care services . Which will
be cared for at home in leisure time with various activities for the elderly assessment, improve social
relationships and daily life activities to improve the environment for development ;
social, psychological and health needs are met , services will be provided to support activities of daily
living . Seniors and their loved ones home care service demands and service requirements according
to the day / night , weekends and holidays , as needed 24 hours or detected in the morning can be
given , elderly relatives informative training programs can be organized as a private , formal and legal
matters of guidance and counseling can also be made .
Example of services provided by local governments ANKARA
Ankara Metropolitan Municipality Service Centre for the elderly in the home environment to
support the elderly and elderly people living in isolation from the rest of the community to ensure
the continuation was opened on September 5, 1994 .
Orphans and elderly who has no income has a priority in this service and the service aims to be
the first enterprise in Turkey and to help Elder Service Center of the services , regardless of the
socio-economic level .
Ankara Metropolitan Municipality Elderly Service Center , within the framework of " Institutional
Care Model" , has reached the number alone about providing nursing homes for elderly in Turkey . As
of 31 October 2012 registered a total of 36,229 elderly members are benefiting from the services of
the center .The main goal of the Social Service Centers for Elderly is:
SOCIAL SERVİCES
₪ to do the social analysis of the elderly ,
₪to make arrangements and organisations, related to services provided for elderly people ,
₪to organıse education , leisure time activities , excursions, camps and regulation of social activities
for the elderly ,
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₪ to register 20-30 new members for a day .
psychological support is provided on the following topics .
₪ coping with feelings of loneliness ,
₪ coping with stress ,
₪ basic life events (retirement, job loss, close loss , natural disasters, etc. . ) After the solution of
problems of adaptation ,
Contact ₪ conflicts,
₪ family problems,
₪ activation of social support resources ,
₪ self value ,
₪ sleeping problems ,
₪to cope with feelings of burnout for the individuals who care for the elderly ,
chronic physical diseases ( cancer, kidney failure, chronic heart failure and so on. ) Psychological
patterns,
₪ Group work ( when requested and when provided sufficient number of people )
₪ information for mental disorders , psychiatric examinations , treatment and therapeutic
orientation, etc. in order to intervene .
₪ periodic health services:
# Periodic home visits by doctors and nurses to elderly and routine health check ups ,
# Central to our old days in the granting of health care by doctors and nurses ,
# Prescription injection , making measurement of blood pressure , serum fitting, if done in a modified
dressing , monitoring of drug use , diet counseling and other nursing services,
# Last day of each week, with the concentration of elderly health screening done in an area (sugar
levels , cholesterol and blood pressure measurement, bone scans and anemia testing , etc. . )
and counseling services:
₪ Psycho-Social Counseling : Center practicing psychologists counselıng about psychological , social
and economic problems detection, identification , evaluation , related matters about the elderly and
the solution attempts,
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Advisory services for institutions : Centre for consulting services ( face to face or by phone,
presentation of services and the evaluation of feedback that are taken from the elderly ),
₪ information and guidance for psycho- social problems ,
₪ home visits ,
₪ Reading books , newspapers and magazines or , chatting with the elderly ,
₪ training programs ( interviews , meetings and conference to be held ) :
₪ Due to the interests of our elderly and in accordance with the expectations meeting with
experts participated as a speaker, arrenging interviews in various subjects, panel discussions
₪ Fuser Meetings: Every month,arrenging meetings to introduce old and new members ,
₪ Feedback Meetings : Once a month , receiving feedbacks about organisatıons, meetings and our
members feelings about our organization and servıces ,
₪ concerts , cinema and theater events : at regular intervals Turkish Art Music (TSM) and Turkish Folk
Music ( TAC) of concerts , arranging the elderly of our cinema and theater to be taken , the center
within the TSM and THM establishment of attempts made ,
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₪ Meals: dinner meeting for our members several times
a year at various locals arranged by our center ,
₪ trips and picnics
₪ camp activities : camp organısatıon is held for the elderly once a year in Edremit Balikesir (road ,
residence and meal expenses are covered by the Ankara Metropolitan Municipality )
₪ Leisure pursuits : Our leisure pursuits for elderly ( patch-work , jewelry , crafts , woodworking ,
painting, sculpture, photography, plant breeding , etc.).
congratulatory messages and cards for the special
days and weeks to the elderly , a special of the day and the week's property in accordance with the
old with the celebration , making speeches , poetry reading ,sharing memories , and on special
occasions selecting a representation among elderly people ( the elderly parents , the older teachers ,
etc.). , depending on the nature of the day; giving candy , food, refreshments .
The center celebrated examples of days and weeks :
₪ 19 March International Day of Older Persons ,
Week of March 18 to 24 ₪ Respect for the Aged ,
₪ Public Holidays ,
# April 23 National Sovereignty and Children's Day ,
# May 19 Atatürk Commemoration and Youth and Sports Day
# 30 August Victory Day,
# October 29 Republic Day
₪ Religions ,
# Ramadan Feast ,
# Kurban Feast ,
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₪ New Year's celebrations ,
₪ 8 March International Women 's Day,
₪ 6 May Mother's Day ,
₪ Father's Day ( 3rd Sunday of June )
₪ Becoming the capital of Ankara on October 13 ,
₪ November 10th Atatürk Commemoration of Atatürk Week,
₪ 24 November Teachers Day.
areas with low socio-economic level of the elderly who live alone ,
₪ food aid ,
Firewood aid,
Clothes help .
Elderly Free Card: In order to active participation in the social life of the elderly, giving Free Card for
free use of public buses .
difficulty in supporting cleaning services,
₪ general cleaning of the house : Sweeping , dusting , carpets , door and frame cleaning , general
cleaning of the kitchen , toilet and bathroom cleaning, washing of balconies ,
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Food and dish washing .
₪ care services and body cleansing : Care of elderly people with physical disabilities in need of
cleansing the body , hair, beard and nail trimming and maintenance .
₪ Carpentry : the opening and closing of the doors , windows, and repairing broken furniture ,
₪ electrical installation repairs : Insurance , sockets , switches and light bulbs etc. to be repaired and
replaced . ,
₪ plumbing repairs : Seal Replacing clogged pipes opening - replacement, repair and replacement of
the batteries and so on. ,
₪ Painting work : in-house painting services for our elderly in need of care .
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