US History
Unit 9, Week 2
Agenda for Monday, April 21
Human Be-in: Expand your mind
• Homework
• Cornell Notes: pgs 649-653
• Get caught up on your vocab packet, due
block day
• Question authority
Human Be-In
• Station Rotation
• You will participate in an outta sight experience today involving
the most happening movements of the 1960s.
• All chicks and dudes will move from station to station see the
choice trends of the times in a hands on manner.
• Don’t be a spaz and get involved!
Station A: The New Left-Letter
Writing
• You were inspired by a speech
given by Mario Savio at UC
Berkeley and now you want to
promote activism through your
support of the Free Speech
Movement. You are so tired of
people trying to shut down
your opinions just because you
are young. They act like you
don’t have anything intelligent
to say… fools. Begin a letter
writing campaign by writing to
Governor Jerry Brown about a
cause that is important to you.
Make sure to relate it to the
Free Speech Movement and
your basic first amendment
rights.
Station B
Anti-Establishment-Slogan
• You are a hippie who wants to
reject the views of the
“Establishment” because they
control society and make us
all act like sheep. Think about
it, we should be treated like
individuals and not just
students in a factory that
produces mindless middle
management drones. Do
something! Think about a
cause that you feel
passionately about and create
a slogan on a nametag that
you will wear all day. Make
sure to relate it to similar
causes that the hippies cared
about in the 1960s.
Station C
Personal Liberation- Finger Painting
• You are feeling frustrated with
the political and religious
environment of the time and
you want to freely express
yourself and reach a higher
understanding of who you are
and what you want. We need
to have the freedom to do
what we want so that we can
“shed hypocrisy, dishonesty,
and phoniness, and go back to
the purity of our childhood
values.” Therefore, you can
participate in the classic
childhood activity of finger
painting. Express yourself and
reach a new height of
personal liberation.
Station D: Culture Clash
• You are feeling disenchanted
with the “little boxes” of
suburbia and you are looking
for an alternative way of life.
You also want to reject
materialism and the
conventional lifestyles of the
1950s. You want to find
beauty in the natural world
instead of the capitalist
factory system that America
has become. Feel free to use
face paint with your friends to
express your feelings of love
and nature while talking
about your feelings and your
ideal utopic society.
Station E: Counterculture- Fashion
Change
• You want to reject the
conventions of modern
fashion and feel the
need to express
yourself as an
individual. Change
something about your
appearance (within the
dress code ) to
demonstrate your
individualism.
Station F: Parents Just Don’t
Understand- Lyrics
• The growing Generation Gap has
forever changed the way you
relate to your parents. They just
don’t seem to get you man. They
think you are sinful slackers who
don’t care about their future. They
criticize you for being spoiled little
rich kids when they don’t realize
that you are practicing communal
living where you all work and live
together. Little do they know is
that you are trying to make a
better future for everyone around
the world. Write a song or poem
to express your frustrations with
the Generation Gap. Damn the
Man!
The Times They Are A Changin’ –
Bob Dylan
• Come gather 'round people
Wherever you roam
And admit that the waters
Around you have grown
And accept it that soon
You'll be drenched to the
bone
If your time to you
•
Is worth savin'
Then you better start
swimmin'
Or you'll sink like a stone
For the times they are achangin'.
• Come writers and critics
Who prophesize with your
pen
And keep your eyes wide
The chance won't come again
And don't speak too soon
For the wheel's still in spin
And there's no tellin' who
That it's namin'
For the loser now
Will be later to win
For the times they are achangin'.
• Come senators, congressmen
Please heed the call
Don't stand in the doorway
Don't block up the hall
For he that gets hurt
Will be he who has stalled
There's a battle outside
And it is ragin'
It'll soon shake your windows
And rattle your walls
For the times they are achangin‘
Come mothers and fathers
Throughout the land
And don't criticize
What you can't understand
Your sons and your daughters
Are beyond your command
Your old road is
Rapidly agin'
Please get out of the new one
If you can't lend your hand
For the times they are achangin'.
Agenda for Tuesday, 4/22
• HOT ROC
• The Vietnam War Experience
• Homework
• Yesterday HW: Cornell notes p. 649-653
• Today: Cornell Notes on p.675-677 and
glossaries collected block day
#9 HOT ROC: What are the perspectives of
“Hawks” and “Doves”? Use p.664-665.
Hawks: what are your reasons
for escalation (more
involvement) in Vietnam?
Doves: what are your reasons
for getting out of Vietnam?
• 1.
• 2.
• 3.
• 1.
• 2.
• 3.
Who fought for the U.S.?
• Early years (1960-1966)—professional soldiers and
volunteers.
• Later years (1966-1973)—the Draft. (Selective Service
System—WWI)
• By December 1966, the draft call was up to 40,000 men
each month.
• By 1973, 2.15 million
Americans had served.
How to Avoid Vietnam
How could you avoid serving in the war?
• Conscientious objector status
• Illness
• Go to Canada
• Student status
• National guard service
• Later:
• http://www.history.com/topics/vietnamwar/vietnam-war-history/videos/dodgingthe-draft
Which young men* were drafted?
• Lower income
• No college degree
• African Americans and Latino Americans made up
31% of early combat troops.
• They were much more likely to see heavy combat.
• Over half of the 234 sons of Congressmen and
Senators received deferments, only 28 were sent to
Vietnam – none were killed
*10,000 women served as nurses and other support roles.
Who were the Vietcong?
• Ho Chi Minh’s main
force were uniformed,
full-time soldiers
• Additional local
Vietcong groups—
often teenagers
motivated by idealism
or anger at the US and
located in South
Vietnam. They didn’t
wear uniforms.
Guerilla Warfare
•
•
•
•
Hit-and-run maneuvers
Tunnels, bunkers, land mines, & booby traps
Difficult Terrain & weather
Viet cong had a strategy of “cling to the enemy’s belt”
How many died?
• U.S.—58,000 killed, 200,000- 400,000 wounded
• Vietnamese—1 million combatants killed, 4 million
civilians.
• Effects of Agent Orange –
http://cnnphotos.blogs.cnn.com/2013/01/30/effects-of-agentorange-ongoing-silently-in-children/?hpt=hp_c3
The War becomes unpopular
• Using p. 675-676, list 5 reasons why
Americans began to oppose Vietnam
War
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Agenda for Block Day 4/23-4/24
• Collect glossaries
• My Lai Massacre inquiry
• Homework
• Cornell Notes on p.682-683.
*last day to take unit 8 test
The War becomes unpopular
• 5 reasons why Americans began to
oppose Vietnam War
1. Politicians raise questions. “Why are
we there? How will we win?”
2. Media (TV) shows horror of war
3. Economic cost
4. Anti-war protests on campus
5. (Government) credibility gap
#9 VIETNAM NOTES
Gulf of Tonkin Resolution (1964)
• N. Vietnamese torpedoes fired
on U.S. destroyer
• LBJ asks for authority to use “all
necessary measures to repel and
prevent aggression”
• Gave broad congressional
approval for expansion of war
War Powers Resolution
• 1970 – Congress repeals the Gulf of Tonkin
resolution
• 1972 – Congress finds out the Nixon has still been
secretly bombing Cambodia  they pass the War
Powers Resolution which restores the congressional
powers about declaring war.
• Is it better to have the President or Congress in charge of declaring
war?
• Why is there is a division of roles during war? (congress=declare war,
president= commander-in-chief)
What happened at My Lai?
Context
• Tet Offensive*: January,
1968, the Viet Cong and
North Vietnamese army
launches a massive surprise
attack.
• US responded with a
counter-offensive 2 months
later.
• Destroying a Viet Cong
battalion in the town of My
Lai was part of this.
What happened at My Lai?
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=V
Wchy6ykNnQ#t=111 (~2:30)
• Lt. William Calley commanded the
troops that entered My Lai on March
16, 1968.
• The “search and destroy” mission soon
transformed into a brutal massacre of
300 unarmed Vietnamese men,
women and children.
• This story was revealed to the
American public in 1969 by
investigative journalist Seymour Hersh.
• Following a government investigation
of events, Lt. William Calley was
sentenced to life in prison for murder.
What happened at My Lai
My Lai massacre is a case study/lens to look
at what America struggled with in Vietnam
(physically, psychologically, morally)
Our task:
Investigate through primary sources
(1) what really happened at My Lai?
(2) what does it reveals about the
American experience in Vietnam?
Discussion questions
1. The Vietnam War is often considered the only war the United
States has ever lost.
• What can the My Lai Massacre tell us about why the US lost
in Vietnam?
2. America’s defeat in Vietnam was relatively small/insignificant
in terms of our global Cold War strategy. However, the Vietnam
War is often seen as incredibly damaging to the US.
• What can the My Lai Massacre tell us what the US really lost
in Vietnam?
•
•
•
•
Troops in Vietnam
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uSJcAqFwjmY
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BLnImuOzCAE
(3:00-4)
•
•
•
•
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pPCRNq_R22A
Haditha Killings
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TqWgcrjZ6x0
Abu Ghraib scandal
Agenda for Friday, 4/25
• #12 HOT ROC
• Nixon T-chart (positive, negative)
• HW: Finish t-chart
#12 HOT ROC: Nixon
• Read textbook p.697
• Watch https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=I9LcAJOsFGg
1.
2.
3.
What happened? (2-3 sentence summary)
What effect would “Checkers speech” have on the
public? On Nixon’s career?
What does the speech tell you about Richard
Nixon as a person?
*leave space underneath. We will add important notes Monday
Mini biography: http://www.biography.com/people/richard-nixon-9424076
#13 Positive and Negative Aspects of Nixon
Directions:
1. Partners choose either the positive or negative
2. Read section 54.2-54.3 and find
positive/negative things done by Nixon
3. Exchange info with your partner
Positive Aspects
Negative Aspects
• By 1972, less than 30% of Americans agreed with
the Vietnam War.
• For 1972 election, candidates debate Vietnam
Continued #12 “Peace with Honor”- Nixon
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Sx3rt9IYtUM
• Peace with Honor= Just a
reelection strategy?
• “Vietnamization” pulling US
troops, shift responsibility to
S. Vietnamese
• Withdrawing all troops immediately from Vietnam would
be a disaster. Nixon asked for united support "to end the
war in a way that we could win the peace.“
• Appealed to the "silent majority”: large group of
conservatives who generally supported the war
but didn’t voice their beliefs in the 60s.