Bell Ringer
Miniature Earth – If the population of the
Earth were shrunk to just 100 people, but
the proportions were kept the same, what
would it look like? This video will show us.
http://www.schooltube.com/video/a6df161af
dd345dab931/Miniature-Earth
POPULATION
What is Demography?
study of population
What is a primary tool of
demographers?
Census- survey of population, done every 10
years by the federal government
•
•
What is Population Density?
The number of people in a unit of space.
Example: “8,500 people per square mile”
What is Population
Distribution?
Habitable Lands - 2/3 of
population between 20*N and
60*N
Urban-Rural Mix – ½ of
population lives in cities, more
each year
Migration – people moving,
causes change in population
Push Factors – reasons
people leave home
Pull Factors – reasons people
come to new home
What is over population?
number of people exceeds available resources
1) Eastern Asia has the
greatest
concentration of
people on Earth – it
is centered in China
and has 21% of
Earth’s population.
2) Southern Asia is the
second largest
concentration of
people – it is
centered in India
and has 16% of the
Earth’s pop.
3) Western Europe is
the third largest
concentration.
In Western Europe
people are
concentrated near
natural resources
needed for industry.
4) East Central North
America is the
fourth largest
center concentrated
in the NE US and
SE Canada.
In the US, the chain
of cities start from
the city of Boston to
south of
Washington DC.
- This is called a
megalopolis.
Africa has 12% of
the Earth’s
population.
Largest cluster of
people found in
the Nile River
Valley.
Cairo is the largest
city in Africa.
South America is
lightly populated
compared with other
continents.
Patterns of people
live along the edges
of the continent – SE
Buenos Aires in
Argentina,
Montevideo in
Uruguay, and Rio de
Janeiro and Recife in
Brazil.
Australia has the
fewest number of
people.
They are
concentrated
along the eastern
and southern
coasts.
(17.5 million people
total on the entire
continent. – as
much as the NYC
metro area)
North Pole
Population Growth Over Time
“The J Curve”
During the
Industrial
Revolution
Late 1700’s to
1900’s
New technologies
improved
medicine,
sanitation, and
food production.
How do demographers
determine who is growing?
Birth rates and Death rates
What are Birth Rates?
Birth Rate – number of live births per 1000 people
Fertility Rate – average number of children a woman will
have in her lifetime
What are Death Rates?
Death (Mortality) Rate – number of deaths per 1000
people
Infant Mortality Rate – number of deaths among infants
under 1 year old, per 1000 live births
What is Rate of Natural Increase?
Rate of Natural Increase- % a population grows in one
year
Birth Rate minus Death Rate
=
Rate of Natural Increase
What is Doubling Rate?
Doubling rate- number of
years it takes for a population
to double.To figure the growth
rate:
70 / Rate of Natural Increase (RNI)
=
Number of years to double population
Example: Mexico has an RNI of
1.7, so 70/1.7 = 41.17… so Mexico
will double in population in about
41 years!
Gapminder
Use your laptop or iPad to go out to
http://gapminder.org. Feel free to poke
around and orient yourself before you
start the Gapminder worksheet.
DEMOGRAPHIC
TRANSITION
What is the Demographic Transition Model?
•
Researchers identify
either four or five
stages of
development.
•
Complex line graph
•
Categorizes a country
based on birth &
death rate
Determines:
Growth
Standard of Living
Level of
industrialization
Stages of the Demographic
Transition Model
Stage 1 – pre-industrial, slow
growth rates
Stage 2 – poor countries, high
birth and death rates
Stage 3 – developing
countries, rapid growth
Stage 4 – developed
countries, stable population
Stage 5 – rich and aging
countries, shrinking
population
What is a Population Pyramid?
Complex Bar Graph
What is shown?
• Males and Females by age
Why?
Demographers use age and
sex to help predict info.
about a country
How do population pyramids
work?
Wide base = high % of children
Narrow base = low % of children
Making
Predictions
Look at the shape of these charts,
and think about them. Then try to
answer these questions on a
separate paper.
Which has a higher % of
children?
Which is most wealthy, most
poor?
Which has the most
unemployed?
Which probably has best
health care?
Which has most not going to
school?
Projected U.S. Population
Growth 1950-2050
Mexico Population Pyramid
1980- 2005
France Population Pyramid
1990-2015