SKELETAL SYSTEM:
THE BONES IN YOUR BODY:
WHAT DO THEY DO?
2nd Grade
Subject: Bones of the human body
Educational Objectives:
For every student to understand the basic
bones in the body
Learn what they bones do
The importance of them and certain
bones
Be able to identify bones
DIRECTIONS
 Click, read and learn!
 Look and study the slides, the information, and the
pictures. Learn about everything the bones do and
why we have them. Be ready to answer questions!
Do not worry if you get them wrong. Part of learning
is making mistakes. So just go back and try again.
 Click on the screen and read.
 When you see an arrow, like the one in this corner,
Click it, you are ready to go to the next slide.
THINGS TO KNOW: THE BASICS
What are bones?
Bones are what shapes our bodies. They
are everywhere in your body. Squeeze
your finger. Feel something hard? That is
one of many of your bones. In your hand
you can even see your bones moving.
Just wiggle your fingers and look at the
top on your hand. See the bones moving?
What is the
Skeletal System?
It includes all the bones, from
your head to your toes, in
your body. The skeletal
system plays a very
important part of your
whole body.
Go back
to
the
Question
THE TRUTH ABOUT BONES
 You have 206 bones in you
 The
largest bone is the femur
 The thing bone or your upper leg
 The
bone is inside your ear
 They are alive!
smallest
Go back to
the
Question
WHY DO WE HAVE BONES?
We have bones for 3 main reasons
 Protection
 The bones keep everything safe inside of you like your lungs, heart and brain.
 Support
 To shape the body
 What if we didn’t have bones? We would look like a puddle
 Movement
 Let’s you move around.
 Think how often you move around while sitting, walking, playing. Your bones let you
do that!
Go back
to the
question
WHAT ARE BONES MADE UP OF?
They are not just hard things inside your body
They have a hard outside and a spongy inside
There are lots of material in your bones, one of the
most important ones is bone marrow
WHY BONE MARROW IS IMPORTANT
 The Bone marrow at the center of the bone and makes blood cells for
the body
 Blood vessels run through the center of the bone so that the bone
receives food, oxygen and minerals (minerals keep you healthy!)
 It makes red blood cells (needed to transport oxygen throughout the
body)
 These red blood cells supply oxygen to our soft tissues, and white
blood cells to fight germs or disease.
 They also gives us energy by storing and releases fat.
THE SPINE
Every bone is important in your body but there are some that play a very
important part in keeping you alive like the spine, ribs and skull
 Your spine is one part of the skeleton
that's easy to check out: Reach around
to the center of your back and you'll
feel its bumps under your fingers. That
is your spine!
 The spine lets you twist and bend, and it
holds your body upright.
 It also protects the spinal cord, a large
bundle of nerves that sends
information from your brain to the
rest of your body.
 The spine is special because it isn't
made of one or even two bones: It's
made of 26 bones in all! These bones
are called vertebrae (say: ver-tuh-bray)
THE SKULL
 Knock on your head. Feel hard?
 Touch beneath your eyes, you can feel the ridge of the bone that forms
the hole where your eye sits.
 That is part of your skull. All the bones in your head/ face are called the
skull
 The skull protects the most important part of your body, your brain!
 The skull is actually made up of different bones. Some of these bones
protect your brain, whereas others make up the structure of your face.
Go back
to the
Question
THE RIBS
 Run your fingers along the side of your body. Feel the bumps?
 Those are your ribs!
 Your ribs act like a cage around your chest.
 Because of this cage, they keep your lungs, heart and liver safe
 Your ribs come in pairs, and the left and right sides of each pair are
exactly the same
 You have 12 pairs of ribs
HOW DO BONES MAKE YOU MOVE…
The place where two bones meet is called a joint
Some joints move and some do not.
Fixed Joints
 Joints that are stay in place and
do not move at all are called
fixed joints
 Along the side of your skull you
have fixed joints
Moving Joints
 Joints that move are called moving
joints. These joints are the ones that let
you climb a tree, eat food, and play
board games.
 There are two types of moving joints

Hinge joint – these joints let you bend and
straighten like your elbows and knees

Ball and socket joint- one bone is shaped
like a door knob and it meets at the other
bone that has a hole that fits.

Click on the cameras
to see a picture
These joints are located at your shoulders
and hips. They let you do some serious
moving in almost every direction like for
swinging a baseball bat, dancing and running.
KEEPING YOUR BONES HEALTHY
 Protect those skull bones (and your brain inside!) by wearing a
helmet for bike riding and other sports.
 Eat healthy foods that include a lot of calcium, which helps bones harden
and become strong. Food like yogurt, milk, salmon, and even broccoli
have calcium
 Stay active!! It is good for every part of your body to stay active,
exercise, and play.
FIXED JOINTS
The place where two bones meet is called a joint
Fixed joints to
do not move.
The lines on
the skull are
fixed joints
Click here to
return to slide
Fixed Joints
MOVING JOINTS
The place where two bones meet is called a joint
Joints that move are
called moving joints.
All the red circle are
moving joints
Ball and socket jointThey are made up of
the round end of one
bone fitting into a
small cup like area of
another bone
Hinge joint – these
joints let you bend
and straighten like
your elbows and
knees
THINK: QUESTION 1
What do think the human skeletal system looks like?
Click the picture
TRY AGAIN
Try to imagine what you would look like without skin or what is under
your skin
Click on the question mark to go back to slide to help you answer the
question.
CORRECT!
Good imagination. That is what the skeletal system looks like!
Click the smiley face to continue
QUESTION 2
You have read a lot about bones so far, let’s see if you remember it. Read
and then answer the question
What is the largest bone in your body called?
Femur(thigh)
Funny bone
Inside your ear
The hand
TRY AGAIN
No, go back a read this slide again and then answer the question
Click on the question mark to go back
GOOD JOB!
The femur is the largest bone in your body.
Click on the smiley face to go to the next slide
QUESTION TIME: NUMBER 3
What protects your brain?
The Ribs
The Femur
The Spine
The Skull
TRY AGAIN
Think about where your brain is
Click the question mark
Read the slide again and answer the question
NICE JOB!
The skull is important because it protects the brain without the skull your
brain would just float in your head and be unsafe.
Click the smiley face to continue
QUESTION 4
What are the reasons we have
bones?
Protection
Support
Movement
All of the above are right
OOPS. TRY AGAIN
 Almost but there is more are bones due then just that
 Click the question mark and read the slide again and answer the
question
WAY TO GO!
Our bones protect, support and make us move!
Now fill in the blanks. Click on the space to see answer. Then click finish when
you are done.
skull
Ribs
spine
Hinge joint
Ball and socket joint
Finish!!
FANTASTIC JOB! YOU HAVE REACHED THE
END
Hopefully, you have learn about the human skeletal system and why we
need one to live. The reason why we have bones and why they are the
key to keep our organs and bodies safe. There is much more to learn
about bones, if you like visit the website below to explore more about the
skeletal system.
 http://kidshealth.org/kid/htbw/bones.html#
 http://library.thinkquest.org/5777/ske1.htm
 http://www.neok12.com/php/watch.php?v=zX677f6250597b7c7c774067
&t=Skeletal-System
RESOURCES
Dowshen , S. (2009, August ). Your bones . Retrieved from
http://kidshealth.org/kid/htbw/bones.html
Fadal, A. (1999, September ). About your body unit. Retrieved from
http://teacherlink.ed.usu.edu/tlresources/units/MonsonUnits/AmyFad/index
.html
Kasich, J. R. (2011, August 12). Academic content standards terminology
definitions . Retrieved from
http://www.ode.state.oh.us/GD/Templates/Pages/ODE/ODEDetail.aspx?pa
ge=3&TopicRelationID=1696&ContentID=1677&Content=110070