Unit 3
USII 3b & 4c

• Who was Jim Crow
• http://www.teachersdomain.org/asset/bf10_v id_whowasjim/
• Plessy v Fergusson
• http://app.discoveryeducation.com/search

• Ended in 1877 because of a compromise over the outcome of the 1876 election.
– People were tired of Grant-era corruption so political parties nominated candidates with a record of reform
– Democrats- Tilden
– Republicans-Hayes
– Tilden won popular vote but was one vote short of the needed electoral votes

• 4 states were undecided Oregon chose Hayes but Louisiana, South
Carolina & Florida each sent two electoral votes to Washington one for each candidate.
• This made the Federal government decide the election.
• Electoral Commission established 7
Republicans from Congress , 7
Democrats from the Senate & 1
Republican Supreme Court Justice

• Republicans WIN! Hayes is President
• Democrats were mad!
• Compromise reached to make
Democrats happier
 Hayes will serve only 1 terms
(four years)
 Democrats have say in cabinet appointments
 RECONSTRUCTION ENDS IN THE
SOUTH
 Federal Troops removed from the South
What does this mean for former Slaves?

• Lasted from 1877 to
1960’s in the South and border states
• Whites believed God supported racial segregation, Whites were the chosen people, & Blacks were supposed to be slaves

• Based on race (color of skin)
• Directed primarily against African Americans but others were also segregated
• American Indians were not considered citizens until 1924

• Laws passed to discriminate against African
Americans
• Made discrimination legal in many communities and states
• African Americans faced unequal opportunities in housing, work, education and government.

• Black men could not shake hands with White men.
• Blacks & Whites were not allowed to eat together
• Black men could not light a cigarette for a White woman
• Blacks could not show affection to one another in public
• African-Americans separated from white people in public places: restaurants, schools, parks, store entrances, water fountains, bus stops, etc.
• Black and White marriages were illegal

• Blacks were introduced to Whites but never Whites introduced to Blacks
• Blacks were called by their first name but Whites had to be addressed as Mr., Mrs., Ms., Sir, or
Ma’am.
• If a black person rode in a car with a White person they had to ride in the back seat or in the back of the truck
• White motorists had the right of way at all intersections

• African Americans allowed to vote IF:
– They paid a high poll tax
– Could pass a literacy test
– Lynching was used to discouraged blacks from voting
– Beatings and Cross burnings were also used to terrorize African Americans

• Booker T. Washington
– Believed equality could be achieved through vocational education (crafts & industrial skills)
– He accepted social segregation
– Born a slave
– At 9 worked in salt furnace and coal mine
– Attended Hampton Normal & Agricultural Institute in
VA (black institution of higher learning)
– Founded Tuskegee Institute
– Encouraged blacks to give up the fight for equal rights and become educated.

• W.E.B. DuBois
– Believed in full political, civil and social rights for
African Americans
– Born a free man
– Attended Fisk University (black institution of higher learning)
– Formed the National Association for the
Advancement of Colored People (NAACP)
– Believed agitation and protests to get their rights

Black Schools
White Schools

• Complete a Venn Diagram on the following two men.
Booker T. Washington
• Believed equality could be achieved through vocational education (crafts
& industrial skills)
• He accepted social segregation
• Born a slave
• At 9 worked in salt furnace and coal mine
• Attended Hampton Normal &
Agricultural Institute in VA (black institution of higher learning)
• Taught school
• Founded Tuskegee Institute
• Encouraged blacks to give up the fight for equal rights and become educated.
W.E.B. DuBois
• Believed in full political, civil and social rights for African
Americans
• Born a free man
• Attended Fisk University (black institution of higher learning)
• Formed the National
Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP)
• Believed agitation and protests to get their rights
• Taught School
• Attended school as a child