th
8
Grade Final Exam Review
Review 13-16
Compromise- Settlement in which each
side gives up some of their demands in
order to reach an agreement
 Secede-To withdraw
 Underground Railroad- Secret network of
people who helped runaway slaves to
reach freedom in the North or Canada
 Abolition- Anti-Slavery

Review
Popular Sovereignty- Control by the
people, allowing each territory to decide
for itself whether or not to allow slavery
 Uncle Tom’s Cabin- Anti-slavery book
written by Harriet Beecher Stow

Review

What was a negative result from the
invention of the Cotton gin?


What was Lincoln's main goal during the
Civil War?


Increase in slavery
Preserve the Union
What were three advantages of the North at
the start of the Civil War?

More citizens, more factories, more railroads, more
materials
Review

What were two advantages of the South
at the beginning of the Civil War?


They were fighting a defensive war, the
citizens had good skills for soldiers
Why did the North blockade southern
ports during the Civil War?

To prevent the South from getting goods
Review

What were two southern strategies
during the Civil War?


Wait to be attacked and rely on Europe for
goods
What was the turning point of the Civil
War?

Gettysburg, the war changed from
preserving the Union to an Anti-slavery
campaign
Review-Chapter 17
Reconstruction- Period after the Civil
War when the South was rebuilt-Also a
federal program to rebuild the South
 Ku Klux Klan- Secret groups first set up
in the South after the Civil War,
terrorized African Americans and other
minorities
 Freedmen’s Bureau- Agency to help
former slaves

Review
“Pull Factors”- Condition that attracts people to
a new area
 “Old Immigrants”-People who came from
Northern and Western Europe- England,
France, Spain, Germany and Scandinavia
 “New Immigrants”- People who came from
Southern and Eastern Europe- Italians, Poles,
and Eastern European Jews
 How have many people throughout history
sought to limit immigration?


Immigration laws and restrictions
Review
Muckraker- Person who reported on
corrupt politicians and other problems of
cities
 Reform- To change
 The Jungle- Book written by Upton
Sinclair about the corruption of the
American meatpacking industry during
the early 20th century

Review
Primary- Election held before a general
election in which voters chose their
party’s candidate for office.
 Suffrage- Right to vote

Review- Chapter 22

Yellow Journalism- Sensational style of reporting
used by some newspapers in the late 1800’s
 Spanish American War- War between Spain and
the US over the freeing of Cuba. –Result- Spain
gave up land to the US.
 Big Stick Policy- The idea that you should
peacefully negotiate while also making sure to
threaten the government.-Theodore Roosevelt
Review

Panama Canal- Canal that connects the
Atlantic to the Pacific- Paid for by the United
States
 Imperialism- Policy by which one country takes
control of the economic and political affairs of
another country or region
 Open Door Policy- Policy toward China that
allowed a nation to trade in any other nations
“Sphere of Influence”
Review- Chapter 23

“Main” causes of WWI

The Alliance System in Southern Europe
and the Assassination of Archduke Fredrick
Ferdinand
Neutral- Choosing not to fight on either
side in a war
Review-Chapter 25
Great Depression- Period of Economic
hard times from 1929-1941
 Dust Bowl- Severe drought and high
winds caused blinding dust storms in the
Great Plains causing people to move
away
 “Okies”-Farmers from Oklahoma who
had to move farther West because of the
Dust Bowl

Review
New Deal- Programs made by FDR
during the Depression- Relief, Reform
and Recovery
 Alphabet Agencies- Programs made by
FDR part of the New Deal, for recovery
 Social Security Act- Law that provided
for the elderly and unemployed

Review

What were two causes of the Great
Depression?


Speculation, Stock market, Buying on
margin
How did Hoover and Roosevelt differ in
their response to the Great Depression?

Hoover was hands off by the government,
FDR believed the government should help
the citizens
Review-Ch 26
Appeasement- Practice of giving into
aggressor nations demands in order to
maintain peace
 Neutrality- Not joining any side during a
war
 “Rosie the Riveter”- Woman propaganda
during WWII to tell women to do their
part

Review





Kamikaze- Japanese suicide killer
Blitzkrieg- German word for lighting war- or
fast attacks to win the war
Holocaust- Hitler's mass killing of Jews
D-Day- Day the Allies began the invasion of
Europe in WWII
Axis powers- Nations that fought against the
Allies in WWII- Germany, Italy and Japan
Review
Island Hopping- Allied WWII strategy to
capture some Japanese held islands and
going around others
 What caused the U.S. to become
involved in WWII?



Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor
What role did American industry play
during WWII?

Backed up allies, troops, supplies, etc
Review

Cold War
Between the United States and the Soviet
Union
 The United States is Democratic
 The Soviet Union was Communist
 These two countries fought indirectly
