Grammar
Review
Phrases and Clauses
and Kinds of
Sentences according
to Structure
Phrases and Clauses
Phrase – is a group of words with NO subject or
predicate. It does not give a complete
thought.
Clause – is a group of words WITH a subject and
a predicate. It may or may not give a complete
thought.
DC – a clause with no complete thought.
IC – a clause with a complete thought which
may function as a complete sentence.
DIRECTIONS
Read the group of words. Say P if
the group of words is a phrase, IC
if it is an independent clause, or
DC if it is a dependent clause.
everyone in the
graveyard
P
Silas paused
IC
if he swallowed it
DC
when the last of the
bits in the song had
been consumed
DC
through a clutch of halffallen tombstones
towards the front gates
P
before taking the
brooch from the
altar table
P
she crouched down
and peered at
something on the
ground
IC
before they took the
stairs back up to the
mausoleum
DC
sleep my little baby-oh
IC
until the boy is grown
and ready to fend
himself
DC
Kinds of Sentences according to
Structure
Simple Sentence – made up of 1
IC
Compound Sentence – 2 IC’s
joined by a coordinating
conjunction and a comma
Complex Sentence – 1 IC and 1
DC
KOS
SIM
CMP
CPX
Kinds
of Sentences according to
STRUCTURE
A.SS + SP Structure
B.SS + CP
C.CS + SP
D.CS + CP
IC 1 + FANBOYS + comma (,) + IC 2
A.IC + SUB. CONJ. / RELATIVE PRONOUN +
DC
B.SUB. CONJ. + DC + comma (,) + IC
C.SUBJECT + comma (,) + RELATIVE
PRONOUN + DC + comma (,) +
PREDICATE
DIRECTIONS
Read the sentence carefully.
Tell whether it is SIMPLE,
COMPOUND, or COMPLEX.
The inhabitants of the
graveyard were
worried about Bod’s
schooling.
SIM
This was a problem
because it will be hard
for them to protect
him outside.
CPX
Silas was against it, but
he gave in to Bod’s
request.
CMP
In the end, they
decided to stop Bod
from going to school
and just continue his
lessons in the
SIM
graveyard.
Scarlett, who was Bod’s
childhood friend,
came back to
graveyard.
CPX
She, and a certain Mr.
Frost, encouraged Bod
to discover his
mysterious past.
SIM
Bod gets into a serious
trouble, for Mr. Frost
is the man Jack
himself.
CMP
The graveyard folk
delayed the Jacks until
Bod was able to take
care of them one at a
time.
CPX
Although Bod was able
to defeat Jack Frost,
Scarlett became
frightful of him.
CPX
Bod left his family and
friends in the graveyard
with a sad heart, yet he
is hopeful to begin his
new journey.
CMP
DIRECTIONS
Supply the missing
coordinating conjunction to
complete the compound
sentence.
Silas did not leave Ms.
Lupescu, ______ did he
let the man Jack’s
company kill Bod.
nor
Bod and Silas considered
Ms. Lupescu as a dear
friend, ______ they
were filled with regret at
her passing.
so
Scarlett could have
believed Bod’s story,
______ she could have
just ran away from him.
or
The Sleer entangled the
man Jack, ______ he
was too engrossed with
power and being its
Master.
for
The Graveyard Book is a tale
concerning the dead,
______ it ironically teaches
us values for life like
courage, hope, and
unconditional love.
yet