 MENTAL HEALTH
 DISEASE CLASSIFICATIONS
 DIAGNOSIS OF MENTAL DISORDERS
 DSM-IV-TR
 Published by APA ( 2000 )
 Multiaxial system
 5 categories called axes
 Facilitate holistic assessment for care
 Is a great resource & tool for psych nurses
 CRITICAL THINKING/COMPARISON ACT.
 DELIRIUM
 DEMENTIA
 COMMON SYMPTOMS OF MENTAL DISORDERS
 BEHAVIORAL CHANGES
 SUDDEN LACK OF CONCERN ABOUT APPEARANCE
 PHYSICAL SX. WITHOUT MEDICAL CAUSE
 OVERUSE OF DEFENSE MECHANISMS
 LOSS OF CONTACT WITH REALITY
 MORBID FASCINATION WITH DEATH
 PSYCHIATRIC CATEGORIES
 MOOD DISORDERS
 PERSONALITY DISORDERS
 ANXIETY DISORDERS
 PSYCHOSIS
 DUAL DISORDERS

#1. MOOD DISORDERS
 CHARACTERIZED BY DISTURBANCE OF MOOD
 ALONG W/ LOSS OF CONTROL AND
 SUBJECTIVE FEELING OF DISTRESS
 CHARACTERIZED BY SEVERE AND INAPPROPRIATE EMOTIONAL
RESPONSE
 DEPRESSION
Exaggerated feelings of sadness
Affects 1 in 20 people/year
May be so severe, suicide is contemplated
Unipolor Depression
Dysthymic Disorder
Anhedonia
 Major Depressive Episode
 Includes 5 or more of these symptoms during the same 2 week period:
 Sleep disturbances, weight or appetite changes, fatigue, loss of energy, feelings of
worthlessness or excessive guilt, diminishted ability to think of concentrate,
indecisiveness, recurrent thoughts of death or suicide
 OTHER TYPES OF DEPRESSION ARE….
 ORGANIC---- What is it???
 SITUATIONAL ----- What is it???
 POSTPARTUM ----- What is it???
 SAD ----- What is it????
 BIPOLAR DISORDER
 Manic-depressive disorder
 Sudden shifts between depression & mania
 Medical Therapy will include:
 Antidepressants
 Lithium
 ECT & psychotherapy
 #2. PERSONALITY DISORDERS
 Inflexible, maladaptive patterns of behavior
 Char. By :
 Lack of insight
 Distorted self-perception
 Impaired relationships
 Poor impulse control
 Do not handle change easily
 See Box 35-3 pg 1147
 TYPES OF PERSONALITYY DISORDERS
 PARANOID
 SCHIZOID
 SCHIZOTYPAL
 ANTISOCIAL
 BORDERLINE
 HISTRIONIC
 More Personality Disorders…
 NARCISSISTIC
 AVOIDANT
 DEPENDANT
 #3. ANXIETY DISORDERS
 CRITICAL THINKING EXERCISE: Define & give example;
 Signal Anxiety ---What is it?
 Free Floating--- What is is?
 PANIC --- List symptoms to summarize…
 Agoraphoria- What is it??

Summarize and provide an example…
 OBSESSIVE-COMPULSIVE DISORDER
 POSTTRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER
 #4. PSYCHOSIS
 THOUGHT DISORDER THAT INTERFERES WITH ABILITY TO RECOGNIZE
AND TO DEAL WITH REALITY; ALSO INTERFERES WITH THE ABILITY TO
COMMUNICATE
 SX: DELUSIONS, HALLUCINATIONS, IMPAIRED REALITY TESTING
 CRITICAL THINKING/ COMPARISON ACTIVITY
 NEUROSIS
 PSYCHOSIS
 SCHIZOPHRENIA
 Is a cluster of behaviors with bizarre, non-reality based thinking; is any one of a large
group of psychotic disorders whose defining characteristics are gross distortion of reality
 Positive Behavior Patterns
 Delusions
 Hallucinations
 Disorganized Thinking and Speech
 Grossly disorganized behavior
 Catatonia
 Negative Behavior Patterns
 Withdrawal
 Isolation
 Flat Affect
 TYPES OF SCHIZOPHRENIA
 PARANOID
 DISORGANIZED
 CATATONIC
 UNDIFFERENTIATED
 RESIDUAL
 #5. DUAL DIAGNOSIS
 NOW COMMONLY USED TO MEAN MENTAL ILLNESS COMBINED WITH
CHEMICAL DEPENDENCY (MI/CD)
 For you to review….
 Characteristics of a mentally healthy person
 Review Hx of MI & early tx
 Freud- Father of psychiatry-also coined the phrase "psychoanalysis
 Therapies of the 20th Century
 Insulin Therapy
 ECT
 Lobotomy
 Psychoanalysis
 Review material on pg 1128 Nat. Mental Health Act
 Review influences on MH
 Know Erickson’s life cycles- ages & stages
 Warning signs of suicide-pg. 1147
 Define:
 Id
 Ego
 Superego
 Behavior
 Stress
 Anxiety
 Motivation
 Frustration
 Coping
 Neurosis
 Psychosis
 Delirium
 Dementia
 Hallucinations
 “lunacy”-disorder caused by the moon
 Def. Mechanism
 Regression
 Repression
 Compensation
 Displacement
 Denial
 Identification
 Rationalization
 Sublimation
 Know these MI
 Schizophrenia
 General mood disorders
 Bipolar
 *Unipolar depression- maj. depression lasting 2yrs
 *Postpartum depression
 *Seasonal affective disorder
 Panic attack
 Agoraphobia
 Posttraumatic stress disorder
 Antisocial
 Current tx for mood disorders
 ECT
 psychotherapy