AP Biology CH 6, 7, and 11 Test Review
Below is a list of tasks that you will be required to perform on this test, use these as a guide as you study for the exam.
You should study the readings from all three chapters, all of the Prezis for these chapters, and all of the assignments
relating to these chapters.
Chapter 6
 Explain the differences and similarities between plant, animal, and prokaryotic cells.
 Produce a phylogenetic tree for eubacteria, archeabacteria, and eukaryotic cells.
 Explain endosymbiosis.
 Explain the main functions and characteristics of all cell structures and organelles.
 Compare and contrast mitochondria and chloroplasts.
 Explain the role of the rough endoplasmic reticulum, ribosomes, the Golge apparatus, vesicles, and tehcell
membrane in the production of membrane proteins and those proteins exported from the cell.
 Explain Tay-Sachs disease.
Chapter 7
 Given different dialysis bag set-ups, represent the direction of water/solute flow graphically.
 Apply characteristics of cell-cell recognition and membrane structure to HIV.
 Explain the role of cholesterol in cell membranes.
 Explain the role of sugars on glycoproteins.
 Explain the role of carrier and channel proteins in facilitated diffusion.
 Explain the various structures involved in endocytosis (phagocytosis and pinocytosis) and exocytosis.
 Describe the various structures, such as phospholipids, that make up the cell membrane.
 Explain how the sodium-potassium pump works.
 Analyze a diagram of a U-tube containing solutes and a membrane to identify the flow of water and solute until
equilibrium is achieved (think problem #9 on the quiz).
Chapter 11
 Explain the role of transcription factors in signal transduction.
 Describe examples of autocrine, paracrine, juxtacrine, and endocrine signaling.
 Compare and contrast signaling pathways for hydrophilic and hydrophobic ligands.
 Explain apoptosis.
 Explain what happens to plant and animal cells in hypotonic, isotonic, and isotonic environments.
 Explain yeast signal transduction.
 Explain and describe the types of active and passive transport.
 Explain the importance of ligand/receptor recognition in the signal transduction pathway.
 Explain the different types of junctions in plant and animal cells.
 Explain the level of permeability of the cell membrane to different substances such as ions and glucose.
 Explain how G-protein linked signal transduction occurs, focusing on the role of GTPase and GTP.
 Identify the role of second messengers in signal transduction pathways.
 Compare and contrast G-protein coupled receptors, ligand-gated ion channels, and tyrosine kinase channels.
 Explain amplification.
Water Potential Questions
You will be required to solve water potential problems just like the ones ion the water potential worksheet we
completed in class. You should be able to use the two water potential formulas to determine the direction of flow of
water for various cell/environment situations. You should also be able determine if the solution is hypotonic, isotonic,
or hypertonic by the difference between the water potential of the solution and the water potential of the cell.
Cell Types
You will have a question in regards to different cell types. You will be given descriptions of different cells based on
general features, such as the number of ribosomes, and asked to propose a type of cell that fits the characteristics. For
example, you should know that cells which contain a large amount of ribosomes could be muscle cells. The
characteristics you will be given are amounts of cell features. For example, what type of cell would contain a lot of
lysosomes? This question is an application of CH 6 material.