On your turkey or a piece of
paper
1. What characteristics define you?
2. How are you different from others
3. What is most important to you
4. How did you develop your personality?
Complete this test


http://psych.fullerton.edu/mbirnbaum/
psych101/LittleBig5B.htm
Link is on my webpage make sure
you rate it!
Describe your personality
Personality
Definition of personality

A. Organization of an individual’s distinguishing characteristics, traits, or habits
B. Includes the individual’s unique way
of
1. Thinking
2. Feeling
3. Behaving
4. Experiencing the environment
Tasks
1.
2.
3.
4.
analyze groups
understand individuals
study the personality process
develop theories
A. Basic tools
1. Observation
2. interview
3. peer rating
4. self report personality tests
Objective tests


- individual answers questions with
response options
Examples-
Projective tests


- individual answers questions with no
response restrictions
Examples-
How accurate are
personality tests?
Barnum principle


Listing general traits so that almost
everyone who reads them thinks that
the traits apply specifically to him or
her.
( the traits are so general that they
apply to everyone)
Validity VS Reliability
Validity
 measures what it is supposed to measure
Reliability
 a person’s score on a test at one point
should be the similar to the score obtained
by the same person on a similar test


Are the SAT’s valid and reliable?
Assignment
Google personality tests
Complete 2 personality tests
On a piece of paper
1. Identify the test( name and explanation)
2. identify if the tests were projective or
objective,
3. Is the test valid and reliable- explain
Answer two of the
following





If you were an article of clothing- what would
you be
If you were a natural scene- what would you
be
If you were a means of conveyance- what
would you be
If you were a plant- what would you be
If you were a food item- what would you be?
Make your own test

3 projective questions

3 objective questions


10 people must answer them by
Friday, December 2
( get your relatives to do this!)
Overview of Theories

Psychoanalytic
- we are who we are because of our
childhood
- we are ruled by our unconscious
Humanism

We have the freedom to grow and
choose our own destiny
Social Cognitive Theories

Personality is shaped by the
environment, cognitive personal
factors, and behaviors. These things
interact and influence how we
evaluate, interpret, organize and apply
information
Learning/Behaviorists

We are controlled by rewards and
punishments
Trait theories

Personality is analyzed by measuring,
identifying, and classifying similarities
and differences in personality
characteristics or traits
Psychoanalytic Theory
We are who we based on our childhood
experiences and our unconscious mind
Instinctual Energy


Life Instinct
self preservation
Death Instinct
– Leads us to aggression and destruction
– Write 2 examples of each
Levels of consciousness

Conscious thought
– Thoughts that we are aware of

Preconscious thought
– Thoughts that we are not immediately
aware of but can retrieve at will

Unconscious thought
– Thoughts wishes and desires that we
cannot voluntarily access

Freudian Slips– Mistakes we make when talking which
reflect our unconscious thoughts
Ways of understanding
the mind

Free Association
– Free flowing uncensored talk to provide
clues to unconscious thought
Dream interpretation

based on the assumption that dreams
have meaning that provide clues to
the unconscious mind
– Manifest content- actual images
– Latent content- what they mean
Common themes
DeathBirthRunning awayBeing in a car
Failing
Tuesday’s quiz
Projective vs objective tests
Validity and reilability
Barnum principle
Freud’s psychoanalytic focus
- unconscious, preconscious,
conscious thought
Life and death instinct
Do this now…


Read page 436 and highlight
Rewrite highlighted information on top
of page

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Vn
MGCUH-lLY
Personality structures

Id– Demands immediate gratification
– Operates on the pleasure principle
– If it is not satisfied you feel like you are
missing out on things in life

Ego
– Rational buffer between the id and the
super ego
– Operates on the reality principle

Super Ego– Incorporates morals, values and
standards
– If it is not satisfied, you feel guilty
Defense Mechanisms

Defending the ego from experiencing
anxiety about failing in its task
Displacement


Taking your feelings out on someone
or something less threatening
Examples…
Repression

Blocking out unacceptable feelings or
experiences and pushing them into the
unconscious
Reaction Formation

Substituting unacceptable behaviors,
thoughts or feelings with acceptable
ones
Regression


Going back to an earlier less mature
state
ex
Projection


Inner personal feeling are placed onto
someone else
ex
Rationalizing

Covering up the true reason for doing
things with excuses and incorrect
explanations
Intellectualizing

Separating thought from feeling so
feelings are not overwhelming

Complete defense mechanism I have
used…



Demonstrate your understanding of
defense mechanisms by…
Preparing a role play for 3 different
defense mechanisms
You will be asked to act out one of the
defense mechanisms for the class
How will you be graded?



5 points completed worksheet
5 points for being prepared when
called on
5 points for properly demonstrating
your defense mechanism
- extra credit will be given for humor
Psycho sexual stages of
development
A. Biologically determined stages
driven from birth by sexual instinct
B. Different zones of the body
become sources of pleasure during
different stages
C.
Mal adaptive behavior in adults
results from unresolved conflicts that
originate at any of the stages
D. At any time in these stages, a
conflict could cause fixation-
Oral Stage (birth – 18
months)


- Sexual pleasure focuses on
sucking, biting and chewing
fixation is linked to excessive drinking,
gum chewing, biting nails, pencil
chewing , excessive eating
Anal stage 18 months- 3
years
- sexual pleasure is derived during
elimination of feces
If conflict is not resolved you become
Anal expulsive
Messy disorganized adults
Anal retentive
highly controlled, excessively neat
Phallic stage 3-6

- children seek genital stimulation and
develop unconscious...desires towards
the parent of the opposite sex

- children have feelings of ...hatred
and jealousy for the rival parent of the
same sex
Oedipus Complex
- found in boys, due to feelings of guilt
and fear of the rival parent
- boys fear castration by their father
Electra Crisis
- penis envy which symbolically
translates into wanting to have a child
with their father
How do kids deal with
this?
repression and trying to become like the
rival parent
This provides gender identity and
strengthens the super ego


IV. Latency ( 6- puberty)
-the period of sexual repression in late
childhood
Genital Stage ( puberty –
adulthood)
maturation of sexual interest
most choose sexual intercourse for
gratification
Using the magazines




Find a picture to represent each of
Freud’s psychosexual stages of
development
Identify the stage age
Label the stage
Explain why it demonstrates the stageI should be able to tell that you
understand the stage