Biology 123 SI 14
1.
Where did the idea of the heritable factor come from? gregor
Mendel
2.
What is an example of a heritable characteristic? How is that
different from a trait? A character is something like hair color
of eye color, a trait is the different color options.
3.
What is a true breeding plant? When subsequent generations
yield the same traits for more than 5 generations.
4.
What do you get when you cross one true breeding trait with
another true breeding trait? You get a hybrid.
5.
What are the P, F1, F2, etc. generations? The P is the parental
generation. The F1 is the first offspring generation and is the
first filial generation and so on.
6.
What is self fertilization and what is cross fertilization? Self
fertilization is when the organism fertilizes itself, and cross
fertilization is when two organisms gametes come together to
make an offspring.
7.
What two laws did Mendel create? Law of Segregation (the two
alleles for a characteristic from one parent separate and end up
in different gametes),and Law of Independent assortment (each
pair of alleles segregates independently from other sets of
alleles).
8.
What is the difference between a dominant allele and a
recessive allele? The dominant allele, if present will always be
expressed. The recessive allele will only show up if the
dominant one is completely absent.
9.
Draw an example of a punnett square.
10.
What is a test cross? When an unknown organism is crossed
with a homozygous recessive organism so that the offspring
will tell what the unknown organism was.