SBI3U
Name: Renkema Answers
Diversity Unit Review
Name the taxonomic groups that living things are divided into.
Kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species
Try the “what’s the difference” activity on the top of page 376 in your textbook.
Answers will vary (here’s what I think)
1) a) Is it an arthropod? (housefly, mosquito, dragonfly)
b) Is it not an insect? Go to # 2
2) a) Is it a bird (aves)? (robin, mallard duck)
b) Is it not a bird? Go to # 3
3) a) Is it a fish (pisces)? (flying fish)
b) Is it not a fish? Then it is a mammal! (flying squirrel, bat)
Viruses
1. Name two specific kinds of viruses that affect humans and describe what the symptoms are.
HIV: compromised immune system, fever, fatigue, swollen lymph nodes, cough, diarrhea
Ebola: high fever, headache, joint and muscle aches, sore throat, weakness, stomach pain, lack of appetite, bleeding
2. Name, draw and describe the steps of the lytic cycle.
A virus is found in this phase when conditions are favourable.
Attachment: The virus attaches to bacteria (host)
Penetration: The virus inserts its DNA into the bacteria
Synthesis: The virus takes over the cell's machinery to
make copies of the virus
Assembly and Release: The virus reproduces itself and
self-assembles. The host cell is destroyed as the new
viruses are released.
3. What is the key difference between the lytic and lysogenic cycles?
In the lytic cycle, the virus is actively reproducing and destroying host cells. In the lysogenic cycle, the viral DNA
or RNA is incorporated into the host cell’s DNA and it gets copied along with the host cell’s DNA. No cells are
destroyed in the lysogenic cycle.
4. Use the table below to compare and contrast viruses and bacteria.
Viruses
Are they Living? (yes/no)
No
Type of Cells
None
Number of Cells
None
Nutrition
Viruses don’t eat
Habitat
In cells everywhere
Methods of Reproduction
Lytic and lysogenic cycles
Bacteria
Yes
Prokaryotic
Single celled (one)
Autotroph or Heterotroph
Everywhere
Binary fission or conjugation
Bacteria
5. Name (give the genus and species) and describe the symptoms of two specific kinds of bacteria that affect
humans.
Eschirichia coli (E. coli): stomach cramps, bloody stool, diarrhea
Salmonella species: vomiting, diarrhea, fever
Streptococcus aureus: sore throat, coughing
6. List three of the inhospitable environments where bacteria are able to survive.
1) acidic stomachs
2) deep sea vents
3) salty oceans
7. Draw and name three different shapes of bacteria.
a)
b)
___coccus__________
___bacillus_____
c)
___spirilli_______
8. Bacteria may release energy from nutrients with or without oxygen. Name the following classes of bacteria.
a) _obligate aerobes_______ must have oxygen to survive.
b) _obligate anaerobes_____ can only grow in the absence of oxygen.
c) _facultative aerobes______ can grow with or without oxygen.
9. Name the forms of asexual reproduction and sexual reproduction that bacteria perform.
Asexual: __binary fission___________
Sexual: ___conjugation_______
Protists
10. Describe the three main differences between prokaryotes and eukaryotes.
Prokaryotes have no organelles, while eukaryotes do have organelles.
Prokaryotes have not nucleus, while eukaryotes do have a nucleus.
In prokaryotes, metabolism occurs in the cytoplasm whereas metabolism occurs in the mitochondria and
chloroplasts of eukaryotes.
11. Why is it difficult to describe the general characteristics of protists?
The protist kingdom is so diverse that it is difficult to describe general characteristics.
12. List the three main groupings of protists and give the major characteristic for each of these groups. Include an
example of a species from each group.
Plant like: autotrophs, photosynthetic, unicellular and multicellular (euglena)
Animal like: heterotrophs, unique types of movement (amoeba)
Fungi like: heterotrophs, have the beginning of cell specialization (slime mould)
13. What is the major difference between a plant-like protist and an actual plant?
Plant like protists show no specialization of cells into tissues whereas plants do.
Fungi
14. What are the reproductive cells of fungi named? Name the structures that produce these cells.
Sporangia produce reproductive cells called spores
15. Draw a labeled diagram of a field mushroom and label the following parts: cap, gills, stalk, hyphae, mycelia.
Remember to use correct biological drawing techniques.
(Refer to your fungi kingdom note)
16. List three reasons why fungi are important.
- food, antibiotic production, recycling of nutrients
17. Describe the term symbiotic relationship.
An association between two different species in which both species benefit.
18. Name the two organisms lichen is composed of.
Fungi and algae
Plants
19. Name the three main characteristics used to classify plants.
- whether it has vascular tissues, whether it produces seeds and if the seeds are naked or enclosed
20. Fill in the following chart:
Mosses
Ferns
Gymnosperms
Angiosperms
One Example
Sphagnum
Walking fern
Blue Spruce
Apple tree
Movement of
Materials Within
the Plant
Diffusion and
active transport
Vascular tissues
Vascular tissues
Vascular tissues
Anchoring
Structures
No true roots
(rhizoids)
Simple roots
Deep and
spreading roots
Deep and
spreading roots
Ecological
Importance
Pioneer plant
Soil builder and
shelter
Provide habitat
and food
Provide habitat
and a diverse
array of food
21. State three characteristics of organisms in the plant kingdom that set them apart from other kingdoms.
- plants are autotrophs (photosynthetic), they have no ability to move and they have a cell wall
Animals
22. Name the two major classifications that divide all animals.
Vertebrates and Invertebrates
23. Name and give an example for each of the 7 phyla you learned about in the animal kingdom.
Porifera (sponge), cnidaria (jellyfish), worms (earthworm), mollusks (squid), echinoderms (starfish),
arthropods (crayfish), chordata (humans)
24. Name and give an example for each of the 5 classes you learned about in the animal kingdom.
Pisces (trout), amphibia (frog), reptilian (snapping turtle), aves (cardinal), mammalia (bat)
25. List and describe the 6 characteristics used to classify animals.
Body covering, cold/warm blooded, mode of locomotion, # of heart chambers, respiration, reproduction details
(refer to Animal kingdom handout for details)
Remember to study all of your notes and textbook references. See me for extra help if needed.