Objectives
1.To know the chemical formulas for the
monosaccharides (monomers) Glucose, Fructose
and Galactose.
2. To be able to identify the following
disaccharides: Maltose, Sucrose and Lactose.
3. To be know the difference between
CONDENSATION and HYDROLYSIS reactions.
Carbohydrates
Carbohydrates contain 3 elements:
1. Carbon (C)
2. Hydrogen (H)
3. Oxygen (O)
Carbohydrates are found in one of three forms:
1. Monosaccharides eg. Glucose, Fructose
2. Disaccharides (both sugars) eg. Maltose, Sucrose
3. Polysaccharides eg. Starch, Cellulose, Glycogen
C
Carbon prefers to have covalent four bonds
The most common and
important
MONOSACHARIDE is
Glucose.
Its formula is C6H12O6
The molecule is also
known as a monomer
Glucose forms a
6 sided ring
structure
DISACCHARIDES are formed when two monosacccharides are
joined together by a GLYCOSIDIC BOND
Glucose + Glucose = Maltose (disaccharide) + Water
Condensation Reaction to produce Maltose
Condensation reaction to produce
sucrose
This is the GALACTOSE MOLECULE. Draw the structural formula for LACTOSE
Here are the answers….what were the
questions?
Monomer
Lactose
Disaccharide
Condensation Reaction
Disaccharides
On the whiteboards provided draw:
A glucose molecule
Maltose
Glucose comes in two forms alpha and beta
This is maltose. It is joined between
Carbons 1 and 4.
We say therefore that it has a 1-4
GLYCOSIDIC bond
Disaccharides can be broken down back
into monosaccharides by the addition of
water. These reactions are often catalysed
by enzymes such as MALTASE.
These are HYDROLYSIS reactions.
Task
Test your partner’s biomolecular knowledge
and vocabulary by writing a “gap” passage
For example, a sentence in your passage
could be…
disaccharide
Sucrose is an example of a ___________
that is formed from a combination of the
fructose
monomers glucose and ________.
Objectives
1.To know the chemical formulas for the
monosaccharides (monomers) Glucose, Fructose
and Galactose.
2. To be able to identify the following
disaccharides: Maltose, Sucrose and Lactose.
3. To be know the difference between
CONDENSATION and HYDROLYSIS reactions.