Biology – Test 7 Review
Lectures 39-43
1. Explain how a cell works like a factory. Give 5 specific examples of parts of a factory that
are similar to cell parts and how they are similar.
2. What is the difference between a plant cell and an animal cell?
3. What organelle is only found in plant cells, provides a protected framework, and gives plants
their shape?
4. What is the cell wall made of in plants?
5. What allows nutrients, waste, and ions to pass through the cell wall? What is the problem
with these holes?
6. What is the job of the cell membrane?
7. What is the cell membrane made up?
8. What floats in the lipid bi-layer to help with the passage of material through the cell
membrane?
9. What are the different types of cell membrane proteins? How are they different?
10. What is cytoplasm? What is its job?
11. What acts like the brain of the cell?
12. What three main functions does the nucleus help control?
13. Where is the Nucleus? Why is the nucleus there?
14. What surrounds the nucleus?
15. What is Chromatin?
16. What is the Nucleolus? What is it made of? What is its function? What percentage of the
nuclear volume does it take up?
17. What are two things found inside the nuclear envelope?
18. What is Nucleoplasm?
19. How are chromosomes and chromatin related?
20. What do Chromosomes do?
21. What is the difference between Diploid Cells and haploid cells?
22. What are Centrioles? What is their job? What do they look like?
23. When the cell is not dividing, the centrioles cannot be seen. What is seen instead?
24. What is the Centrioles Job during each phase of Cell Division?
25. What are the three ways that cells communicate? How is each one different?
26. What are microtubules? What are they involved with in the cell?
27. When microtubules combine together, what two cells parts do they form?
28. How are cilia different from flagella? Give an example of each one.
29. What are the two types of flagella? How do they differ?
30. What are microfilaments? How are they different from microtubules?
31. The combination of microtubules and microfilaments forms what?
32. What is the name for the microfilaments found in muscle tissue? How do they cause muscles
to contract?
33. Where are Microfilaments found?
34. How can microfilaments cause movement?
35. What is the job of the cytoskeleton? How is it different from the cell wall?
36. What are Chloroplasts? What is their job?
37. What does the chloroplasts structure look like?
38. What reaction takes place in the chloroplasts?
39. What organelle performs the opposite task of the chloroplasts?
40. What is the job of the mitochondria? How does it provide energy to the cell?
41. Why would a cell need more than one mitochondria? What types of cells have more?
42. What does the mitochondria structure look like?
43. What is the cristae? How is the surface area of the cristae increased? Why is this helpful to
the cell?
44. What is the reaction that occurs in the mitochondria?
45. What are lysosomes? What type of cells are they found in?
46. What are inside the lysosomes? What is the purpose of lysosomes?
47. Where are lysosomes made?
48. In what part of the cell do the lysosomes live?
49. What do lysosomes do when there is food in the cell?
50. What do lysosomes do when there is no food in the cell?
51. What are peroxisomes?
52. How are they similar to lysosomes? How are they different?
53. Where does the oxygen peroxisomes need come from?
54. What is the main job of vacuoles?
55. How can scientists tell the difference between plant and animal cells by looking at the
vacuoles?
56. What do vacuoles store? How is this helpful to the cell?
57. How are plant vacuoles different when there is plenty of water vs when there is scarcely any
water?
58. What is the job of ribosomes? How do they complete this job?
59. Where are the two places ribosomes are found in the cell?
60. What is the endoplasmic reticulum? What parts of the cell does it work with?
61. What are the two types of endoplasmic reticulum? How are they different?
62. What is the purpose of the smooth ER?
63. What kinds of materials are stored in the smooth ER?
64. What is the purpose of the rough ER? Why is it important that the rough ER does this?
65. What is the Golgi apparatus? What are two other names for this organelle?
66. What is the job of the Gogli Apparatus?
67. What organelle is the Gogli apparatus responsible for making?
68. What are secretory vesicles?
69. How are vesicles created?
70. When a protein is made in the ER, what else is made? Why?