Chapter 3 Section 3
Middle Colonies
Change is Coming
• 1649, Charles I is
beheaded
• 1660, Charles II, son of
Charles I, becomes king
England and the Colonies
• Between the
colony of
Virginia and the
New England
colonies were
lands the Dutch
controlled.
New Netherland
New Amsterdam
That’s a bargain!
• Located on Manhattan
Island (present day New
York City)
• Along the Hudson River
• Purchased from the
Manhates people for beads
and other goods.
• Excellent sea port
• Soon became the center of
shipping to and from
America
Peter Stuyvesant
•
•
•
•
Governor of the colony
Mean
People didn’t like him
When the English came
to fight and take over
the colony no one
helped him
I Surrender!
• No contest
• King Charles II gives the
colony to his brother, the
Duke of York
• The colony is renamed
New York
• The owner of the colony,
the proprietor, makes all
the decisions, owns all
the lands, and controlled
the government
PROMISES, PROMISES!
• Duke of York promised the Dutch colonists
freedom of religion and allowed them to keep
their property
• As a result, most Dutch colonists decided to
remain in New York
• Germans, Swedes, Native Americans, and
Puritans all lived in New York
• Included about 300 enslaved Africans
• New Amsterdam (New York) became one of the
fastest growing locations in the colony.
Government of New York
• 1683
• Colonists demanded a
representative
government like that of
other colonies.
• Duke of York resisted the
idea, but people of New
York would not give up.
• 1691
• English government
allowed New York to elect
a legislature.
New Jersey
• Southern part of New
York
• Given to Lord John
Berkeley and Sir George
Carteret
• Named after the island
of Jersey, in England,
where Carteret was
born
New Jersey
Sir George
Carteret
• To attract settlers the
men promised:
–
–
–
–
large tracts of land
Freedom of religion
Trial by jury
Representative assembly
• Assembly would make
local laws and set taxes
Lord John
Berkeley
William Penn
Pennsylvania
• Penn’s father had once
given the king a lot of
money
• Penn asked for land in
America to pay the debt
• Was to be almost as big
as England
Quakers
• Dissenters
• Pacifists
• Each person could
experience religious
truth directly
– Meant that church
services and officials
were not necessary
– No one was better than
anyone else
Philly
• Philadelphia
• City of Brotherly Love
• Penn designed the city
himself, making him the
first town planner in
America
Native American Policies
• Penn believed the land
belonged to the Native
Americans
• He believed they should
be paid for their land
Government in Pennsylvania
• Penn advertised the
land throughout Europe
• 1683, more than 3,000
English, Welsh, Irish,
Dutch, and German
settlers were living in
Pennsylvania
• 1701 Charter of
Liberties
• Penn granted colonists
the right to elect
representatives to the
legislative assembly
Delaware
• Southernmost part of
Pennsylvania were called
the Three Lower Counties
• 1703 Charter of Privileges
• Allowed them to form
their own legislature
• Then, they became their
own colony - Delaware
Bread Basket
These colonies are
often called the
“Bread Basket”
This is because
their main crops
are grains which
are used to make
bread.