Biology 211
Practice Exam III
(100 pts.)
Multiple choice (3 pts. Each). Select the one best answer and fill in the appropriate space
on the SCANTRON provided.
1. If the parent cell has fourteen chromosomes prior to mitosis, how many chromosomes
will each daughter cell have?
a. twenty-eight
b. fourteen
c. seven
d. twelve
2. Which of the germ layers is most closely involved with the development of the
muscles?
a. ectoderm
b. mesoderm
c. endoderm
d. neurula
3.
a.
b.
c.
d.
During protein synthesis, an anticodon on transfer RNA (tRNA) pairs with
DNA nucleotide bases
ribosomal RNA nucleotide bases
messenger RNA nucleotide bases
other tRNA nucleotide bases
4.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Which component is not directly involved in the process of translation?
mRNA
DNA
tRNA
ribosomes
GTP
5. In his work with pneumonia-causing bacteria and mice, Griffith found that
a. the protein coat from pathogenic cells was able to transform nonpathogenic cells.
b. heat-killed pathogenic cells caused pneumonia.
c. some chemical from pathogenic cells was transferred to non-pathogenic cells, making
them pathogenic.
d. the polysaccharide coat of bacteria caused pneumonia.
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6.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
In what phase of mitosis are the chromosomes moving toward the poles?
prophase
metaphase
anaphase
telophase
interphase
7.
a.
b.
c.
d.
The site on DNA where the two strands unwind during replication is called
Okazaki fragment
promoter
replication fork
DNA polymerase
8.
a.
b.
c.
d.
Which of these stages is mismatched?
cleavage--cell division
blastula--gut formation
gastrula--involution of cells
neurula--nervous system formation
9.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
RNA processing
is the same as transcription
is an event that occurs after RNA is transcribed
is a function of transfer RNA
involves the removal of introns
both b and d are correct
10. (10 points) Fill in the blanks with the appropriate term
a. Enzyme that speeds the formation of mRNA from a DNA template.
_________________________________
b. Three nucleotides of DNA or RNA; it codes for a particular amino acid or termination
of translation.__________________________
c. The enzyme that catalyzes the formation of peptide bonds between amino acids during
protein synthesis._______________________
d. Process of removing mispaired bases in DNA so the sequence can be restored to its
normal form.__________________________
e. The model of DNA replication that predicts that each strand of DNA serves as the
instructions for synthesizing a new strand of DNA. ____________________
f. Proteins that assist RNA polymerase in binding to the promoter and initiating
transcription are called ____________________.
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(15 pts.) Match the following processes with their location in eukaryotic cells. Some
answers may be used more than once, others may not be used at all.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
nucleus
cytoplasm
endoplasmic reticulum
nucleolus
mitochondria
11. DNA replication occurs in ____________.
12. Transcription occurs in _______________.
13. The subunits of ribosomes are assembled in _____________________.
14. Translation of secreted proteins occurs on ribosomes that migrate to
_______________________.
15. Removal of introns, addition of a 5' cap and polyadenylation of pre-mRNAs occurs
in _____________________.
16. (9 pts.) Describe three differences between normal cells and cancer cells.
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17. (16 points)
a. What are embryonic stem cells?
b. Why might it be possible to use them to treat diseases such as Parkinson's or
Alzheimer's where the tissues have begun to degenerate?
c. Give several major arguments for and against human cloning as a way of producing
embryonic stem cells.
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18. (21 pts.) Briefly define any seven of the following terms
a. blastula
b. prophase
c. ectoderm
d.
lagging strand
e. differentiation
f. cytokinesis
g. release factor
h. cloning
i. spindle
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