Natures Chemistry
Hydrocarbons
N5 Homework One
1. The names of some hydrocarbons are shown in the grid.
(a)
Identify the hydrocarbon with the highest boiling point.
(You may wish to use the data booklet to help you).
(b)
Identify the two isomers.
(c)
Identify the two hydrocarbons which can take part in
addition reactions with hydrogen.
2. The names of some hydrocarbons are shown in the grid.
(a)
Identify the hydrocarbon which is a liquid at 25˚C.
(You may wish to use the data booklet to help you).
(b)
Identify the two isomers.
(c)
Identify the hydrocarbon that reacts quickly with bromine
solution.
3. The grid shows the formulae of some hydrocarbons.
(a)
Identify the two cycloalkanes.
(b)
Identify the structural formula which represents the first
member of a homologous series.
4. Hydrocarbons contain hydrogen and carbon only.
(a)
Identify the two hydrocarbons which would quickly
decolourise bromine solution.
(b)
Identify the isomer of the hydrocarbon in box D which
belongs to a different homologous series.
5. Hydrocarbons compounds made from hydrogen and carbon only.
(a)
Identify the hydrocarbon which reacts with hydrogen to
form butane.
(b)
Identify the two hydrocarbons which are the first members
of a homologous series.
(c)
Identify the two hydrocarbons with the general formula
Cn H2n which do not react quickly with bromine solution.
6. Methane (CH4), ethane (C2H6), and propane (C3H8) are the first
three members of the alkanes.
(a)
State the general formula for the alkanes.
(b)
The ninth member of the alkane is nonane (C9H20).
The table gives some information about other members of
the alkane family.
Predict the boiling point of dodecane.
(c)
The alkanes are said to be members of a homologous series.
What is meant by a homologous series?
7. Propene has the structural formula shown below.
(a)
Draw the shorten structural formula for propene.
(b)
Propene quickly decolourises bromine water, (Br2(aq)).
(i)
Name the type of reaction which takes place when
propene reacts with bromine water.
(ii)
Draw the full structural formula of the product of the
reaction.
8. The octane number indicates how efficiently a hydrocarbon
burns.
(a)
Draw the shortened structural formula of 2-methylbutane
(b)
Draw the full structural formula of 2-methylhexane.
(c)
Predict the octane number of 2-methylheptane.
9. Dienes are a homologous series of hydrocarbons that contain
two double bonds per molecule.
(a)
Suggest a general formula for the dienes.
(b)
Write the molecular formula for buta-1,3-diene.
(c)
Draw the full structural formula of an isomer of
buta-1,3-diene which contains only one double bond per
molecule.
(d)
Draw the full structural formula for the product of the
complete reaction of penta-1,3-diene with bromine.
10.
In industry, ethanol (an alcohol) can be produced from
ethane as shown below.
(a)
Name the type of reaction taking place.
(b)
Draw the full structural formula for the product of the
following reaction.