Review for the Unit 3 Test
Examine any notes from this unit, and check off which of the following
characteristics can be found in a Prokaryotic Cell, a Plant Cell and an Animal Cell.
Characteristic
Prokaryotic
Structure
Eukaryotic
Structure
Relatively large
size
Relatively small
size
Membranebound
organelles
Cell wall
Bacterial
flagellum
Cytoplasm
Ribosomes
Nucleus
Rough
endoplasmic
reticulum
Smooth
endoplasmic
reticulum
Golgi apparatus
Lysosome
Central vacuole
Mitochondrion
Chloroplast
Cytoskeleton
Prokaryotic Cell Plant Cell
Animal Cell
Review the structures of the cell, and match each phrase on the bottom with a
structure from the list. Answers can only be used once.
____1. This organelle digests foreign substances like bacteria if they enter the cell,
and it also recycles waste products and damaged organelles.
____2. Holds DNA and RNA, surrounded by a double membrane with pores
____3. Produces lipids, detoxifies, and is found in liver cells
____4. Receives the products of the cell like proteins, packages and ships them out of
the cell.
____5. Buds from the rough ER and the golgi, usually carries the products of the cell
to the membrane.
____6. Reads the RNA code from the nucleus and produces the primary structure of
protein
____7. Breaks down glucose into a smaller form of energy that the cell can use
____8. Barrier between the cell and the external environment; lets certain things like
oxygen and carbon dioxide in and out, contains proteins, cholesterol, and
phospholipids
____9. Takes the primary protein structure from the ribosomes, builds the final
protein structure and ships it to the golgi apparatus
____10. Found only in plant cells,
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
F.
G.
H.
I.
J.
Nucleus
Transport vesicle
Central vacuole
Smooth ER
Lysosome
Golgi apparatus
Rough ER
Ribosome
Plasma membrane
Mitochondria
Comparing Organelles:
The following organelles are associated with transport in and out of the cell. Give
their function as it pertains to transport.
Organelle Name
Function (in terms of transport)
Plasma membrane
Vesicles
Rough ER
Golgi Apparatus
The following organelles are associated with the conversion of food into energy, or
energy into food. Explain how each one relates to this function.
Organelle Name
Function (in terms of transport)
Mitochondrion
Chloroplast
Lysosome
Vacuole
Review the concepts of diffusion and the function of the cell membrane. Match each of
the phrases on the bottom with the appropriate mechanisms from the list.
___________ 1. Diffusion across a biological membrane
___________ 2. Moves solutes from low concentration to high, uses energy
___________ 3. Any spread of molecules from area of higher concentration to area of
lower concentration
___________ 4. Diffusion with the help of a transport protein
___________ 5. Diffusion of water across selectively permeable membrane, from
hypotonic to hypertonic solution
___________ 6. Transport molecules need ATP to function
___________ 7. How oxygen and carbon dioxide enter and leave cells
___________ 8. Two types of passive transport
___________ 9. Moves water from a low solute concentration to a high solute
concentration
___________ 10. Glucose enters the cell through this manner
A. Diffusion
B. Active Transport
C. Osmosis
D. Passive transport
E. Facilitated diffusion
Seawater is hypertonic in comparison to body tissues. Explain what would
happen to his or her stomach cells if a shipwrecked sailor drank seawater.