© Cramer 2007

Organelle = “little organ”
Found only inside eukaryotic cells
All the stuff in between the organelles is cytosol
Everything in a cell except the nucleus is cytoplasm

Nickname: Security Guard
Boundary of the cell
Lets some material in, waste out, and blocks harmful materials

Nickname: The Boss
Control center of the cell
Nucleolus contains
DNA, the cells instruction manual
Surrounded by a double membrane
Usually the easiest organelle to see under a microscope
Usually one per cell

Acts as skeleton and muscle
Provides shape and structure
Helps move organelles around the cell
Made of three types of filaments

Aids in cell division
Usually found only in animal cells
Made of microtubules
Part of the Cytoplasm

Nickname: Worker
Makes protein
Found attached to rough ER or floating free
Produced in a part of the nucleus called the nucleolus

Nickname: Roads
Connected to nuclear membrane
Highway of the cell
Rough ER :
Rough appearance because it has ribosomes
Helps make proteins, that’s why it has ribosomes

Smooth ER :
No ribosomes;
It makes fats or lipids
Breaks down toxic material that could damage the cell
Sac of material

Nickname: The Shippers
Looks like a stack of pancakes
Packages, modifies, and transports materials to different locations
Materials transported to and from the Golgi by means of vesicles
Cells that make saliva or mucus have lots of Golgi bodies

Nickname: Clean-up
Crew
Circular but bigger than ribosomes
Small bubbles filled with digestive material
Breaks down ‘food’ into particles the rest of the cell can use
Found mainly in animal cells

Nickname: Clean-up
Crew
Garbage disposal of the cell
Gets rid of waste
Destroys damaged organelles
Helps white blood cells destroy bacteria
Sometimes called the Suicide Sac because it ‘kills’ worn out cells

Nickname: Powerhouse of the cell
Converts ‘food’ into energy the cell can use
Needs oxygen like a furnace to convert energy
Many mitochondria found in muscle cells

Nickname: Factory
Floor
Clear jelly-like fluid that contains all the organelles
Made mostly of water
Moves materials throughout the cells

Have most of the same organelles as animal cells

Cell Membrane
Vacuole
Plant Cell

Function: Storage container for water, food, etc.
Large central vacuole usually in plant cells
Many smaller vacuoles in animal cells
Stores water in plants
This is what makes lettuce crisp
When there is no water, the plant wilts

Vacuole
Chloroplasts
Cell Membrane
Plant Cell

Function: traps energy from the sun to produce food for the plant cell
Found only in plant cells
Green in color because of chlorophyll, which is a green pigment

Vacuole
Chloroplasts
Cell Membrane
Cell Wall
Plant Cell

Function: provides support and protection to the cell membrane
Found in plant and bacterial cells
Rigid, protective barrier
Located outside of the cell membrane
Made of cellulose ( fiber )

That’s what makes celery crunchy

Which organelle is the control center of the cell?
Nucleus
Which organelle holds the cell together?
Cell membrane
Which organelles are not found in animal cells?
Cell wall, central vacuole, chloroplasts
Which organelle helps plant cells make food?
Chloroplasts
What does E.R. stand for?
Endoplasmic reticulum