Sovereignty
Freedom to self govern.
Independent
Free
Unicameral
One branch of government
Bicameral
Two branches of
government
Federalist
For the federal government.
Your belief in a strong
central government
Antifederalist
Weak central government
State has the most power –
not the central government
Republic
A country governed by
elected representatives
Our officials will always be
elected
Enlightenment
All people have the right to
pursue happiness
Constitution
A written plan of the basic
plan of government
Set of rules and laws
Arsenal
8.3 Shay’s Rebellion and the Need for Change
Why were many Americans
concerned by the actions of
Shays and his supporter?
Congress could not defend its
arsenal against Says and his
followers. It seemed as if the
nation were falling apart
8.4 Opening the Constitutional Convention
What beliefs did the delegates share?
What ideas divided them?
Shared: the government should
be run as a republic (with
elected officials)
Disagreed: How strong the
central government was going to
be
8.5 Issue: Hoe should states be represented in the New
Government
How did the Virginia Plan and the New
Jersey Plan differ?
Virginia Plan: Two houses of Congress.
(Bicameral)
New Jersey Plan: One house of Congress.
(unicameral)
Both agreed that there should be three
branches of government (Legislative,
Judicial, and Executive)
James Madison
What is he most known for….
HE WROTE THE CONSTITUION
8.6 Resolution: The Great Compromise
What compromise did the delegates create to
resolve the issue of state representation?
 The Great Compromise called for two houses of
Congress.
 In the first house (or the House of Representatives)
representation would be based on population.
 In the second house (or the Senate) each state
would have two senators elected by the state
legislatures.
8.7 Issue: How Should Slaves Be Counted?
How did the views of delegates from northern states differ from those of delegates
from southern states on this issue?
 The North wanted slaves counted for taxation but not
representation or the North did not want the slaves
counted for the population so the south would have less
representatives in Congress. Leaving the south with less
votes 
 The South wanted slaves counted for representation but
not taxation. If the slaves were taxed – then the owners
of the slaves would have to pay the extra taxes. If the
slaves counted for the population they would get more
votes in Congress.
8.8 Resolution: The Three-Fifths Compromise
What compromise did the delegates create to resolve this issue?
Three fifths of the slaves would be
counted for both taxation and
representation. So three out of five
slaves would be counted towards
population. This will make the population
in the south go up and will give them
more representatives in the House of
Representatives.
8.9 Issue: How Should the Chief Executive Be
Elected?
Why didn’t the delegates agree on how the
national executive should be chosen?
 Appoint their “flunkies” -- They would be picked and
have to “owe a favor”
 There should be a special group of electors to elect the
president. (done because they did not think the
“common people” were smart enough to pick the
president)
 The states would vote for their representatives.
8.10 Resolution: The Electoral College
What compromise did the delegates create
to resolve this issue?
The executive would be elected by a
special body called the Electoral College.
Delegates to the Electoral College would
be chosen by the states.
8.11 The Convention Ends
Why did some delegates refuse to sign the
final draft of the Constitution?
Some feared that it gave the national
government too much power and did not
protect the rights of the people.
8.12 The Constitution Goes to the Nation
What were The Federalist Papers, and why
were they written?
The Federalist Papers were articles
written by James Madison, Alexander
Hamilton, and John Jay urging ratification
of the Constitution.