Social Studies 10
Lesson 3
Treaty of Versailles
Do Now
 Answer the following on a piece of
paper:
 Did drawing pictures of terms help you to
remember them? Do you think it’s easier
to learn vocabulary this way?
What do you know?
 Look at your notecards
 Read Pages 410-417 and look at your notes to
make sure you understand the causes and
events of World War I.
 Use 10 of your vocabulary notecard words to
write a brief summary about the causes of
World War I and what happened during the
war.
 Make sure that when I read your answer, I
understand that you know what each term
means.
Share what you wrote with
your group
 Take 10 minutes to share what you wrote
with your group members.
 Decide who you think has the best
summary to share with the class.
So now that we know how
the war started and what
happened….
 What happened AFTER the war?
Treaty
 A treaty is a peace agreement. Have you ever
gotten in a fight with someone? How did you
make peace? How do you think countries
make peace treaties after war? Do you think
that after a peace agreement is made, both
sides are completely happy?
 Take 3-5 minutes to answer in your journals
Guiding Questions
 What were the aims and motives of the
victorious powers of WWI in drawing up
the Treaty of Versailles?
 Was the treaty fair to both sides?
Motives for the treaty: The
Trauma of WWI
 WWI caused a huge
number of
casualties: deaths
or injuries
% of Casualties by
country
 Russia: sent 12,000,000 troops
76.3% were killed or hurt
- France: sent 8.410,000 troops
76.3% were killed or hurt
- Britain sent 8,904,467 troops
35.8% were killed or hurt
- Germany sent 11,000,000 troops
64.9% were killed or hurt
- The U.S. sent 4,355,000 troops
8.2 %were killed or hurt
What do you notice about the
% of Russian and German
casualties?
 Russia: sent 12,000,000 troops
76.3% were killed or hurt
- Germany sent 11,000,000 troops
64.9% were killed or hurt
Before and after in France
 A hotel before:
And after…..
http://www.gwpda.org/photos/bin12/imag1130.jpg
Village Hall
 Before….
http://www.gwpda.org/photos/bin12/imag1140.jpg
And after…..
http://www.gwpda.org/photos/bin12/imag1141.jpg
Courthouse
 Before….
http://www.gwpda.org/photos/bin12/imag1143.jpg
After…..
http://www.gwpda.org/photos/bin12/imag1144.jpg
Answer the following
questions in your journal:
 1. How do you feel when you see these
images?
 2. Why is it significant that major buildings
like the courthouse, city hall, and hotels were
destroyed
 3. How long do you think it would take to rebuild these buildings and communities?
 4. How much do you think it would cost?
 5. Can a community EVER really recover from
such destruction?
Based on what you have
learned today…
 How do you think France’s goals for
treaties (peace agreements) might differ
from U.S. goals?
 What would France want from Germany,
the country that destroyed so much of
their land?
 Would those desires be reasonable or
fair?
U.S. perspective:
 Why do you think the U.S. may have a
more idealistic perspective on how to
resolve things between countries after
the war?
They didn’t lose as much!
 No battles fought on US land
 Not nearly as many casualties from the
U.S.
VENN DIAGRAM
U.S.A.
France
-Many soldiers
hurt or killed in
WWI
-A lot of land and
cities were
destroyed
-Wanted a very
harsh
punishment for
Germany
Part of
the Allied
Powers
Went to
peace
talks at
the
Treaty of
Versailles
Both
-Not very many
soldiers hurt or
killed in WWI
-No battles fought
on U.S. ground
-Wanted “Peace
without Victory”
-Wanted to go
“easy” on Germany
Drawing up the treaty
 The leaders of Italy, France, Great Britain
and Woodrow Wilson from the U.S. led
talks to answer 2 questions
 1. How can we prevent future wars?
 2. and who should take responsibility
for the damage of World War I?
I. The Big Four
The Big Four
 The leaders of Italy, France, Great
Britain, and the United States all met to
talk about peace after World War I.
I. The Big Four
A. United States – Wilson
1.“Peace without
victory”: no winner or loser
– treat all countries fairly
2. 14 Points
 A. fourteen ideas
 B. plan to prevent
future wars
3. “Stubborn” and
Idealist
no bargaining or negotiations
(compromise) perfect vision
of the future.
The 14 Points
Here are just a few of Wilson’s points:
- End secret deals between nations
- Keep neutral ships safe at sea during war
- European nations should all be treated fairly
- Different nations should have the right to form
their own nations. Self Determination.
- Form the League of Nations: Organization of
nations that worked for world peace and to
stop wars before they started
I. The Big Four
B. France – Clemenceau
1. Alsace-Loraine:
province that Germany
took in 1871- France
wanted it back!
2. Harsh treatment of
Germany
Answer in your journal:
 Why do you think France wanted such a
harsh punishment for Germany after
World War I?
Why harsh treatment of
Germany?
=
1. France
was hurt
a lot by
the war –
Western
Front
2. Weak
Germany
won’t
attack
France in
the future.
=
I. The Big Four
C. Great Britain – Lloyd George
1. Moderate punishment of
Germany
 Moderate – middle,
not extreme
(reasonable)
 Some punishment –
Why?
They didn’t have as many
casualties (deaths or injuries
and weren’t as hurt as
France)
BUT Great Britain still
wanted to protect the Empire



A. Larger empire
on earth
B. Great Britain
DIDN’T agree
with self
determination:
the right of
countries to form
their own nation
states.
WHY? Because
then they would
lose some land
I. The Big Four
D. Italy – Orlando
1. Lands from AustriaHungary
– land and
islands

Before WWI – Triple Alliance
 Switch sides after WWI
starts
2. Left Conference in anger
3. Get little at final treaty
Resolutions?
 Compromise for
Wilson
http://finickypenguin.files.wordpress.com/2008/02/compromise.jpg
NOT all nations agreed
with the 14 Points.
 The most important
point for Wilson was
setting up the
League of Nations.
 SO he was willing to
agree to harsher
punishment for
Germany than he
would have liked.
http://knowledgenews.net/moxie/moxiepix/a1907.jpg
The League of Nations


Group of countries to prevent future
wars
Americans didn’t want to join even
thought Wilson was the one who
wanted it!
WHY?

Americans didn’t want to get involved in
Europe’s problems.


No USA
Yes to Germany
The Treaty of Versailles

The bad side of compromise
Compromise – decision after bargaining
1.No one is happy
Self-Determination

Definition: right of different nationalities to
form their own nation states instead of
being easily taken over by other countries


In Europe ONLY…British empire is safe.
New countries in Eastern Europe
What happened to
Germany?
 1. Lost all African and Asian Colonies
Army cut down to 100,000
http://ecx.images-amazon.com/images/I/51APZ0CP4KL._SL500_AA240_.jpg
Weapons Reduction
 ONLY Germany
 100,000 soldiers
 No navy
 No air force
No more building
submarines!
http://farm1.static.flickr.com/15/21349370_929360c6d6.jpg?v=0
Return land to France
 And create buffer zone: area where
Germany was never allowed to put
soldiers.
 In France this land was the Rhineland.
Very Harsh (or mean) to
Germany:


Germany had to
take FULL BLAME
for starting the War.
anti-historical
 Germany
hated this!!!
http://i5.photobucket.com/albums/y164/wteach/demotivational/blame.jpg
Reparations
 money paid by
losers to
winner of a
war
 37 billion USD
(around 1
trillion USD)
 hurt German
economy
Germans couldn’t afford
to pay
http://www.clipartheaven.com/clipart/money/empty_pockets.gif
Answer the following in
your journal
 How do you think Germany felt after
World War I?
What happened to
Europe?
 World War I changed Europe a lot.
 1. Germany and Austria-Hungary lost a
lot of land
 2. And Russia also lost a lot of land
 - 5 new countries were created with the
land that Russia!
Ottoman Empire
http://www.dartmouth.edu/~gov46/ottoman-empire-1580.gif
Lands in Southwest Asia
 Became mandates: under the control of
another country.
 Syria became a French mandate
 Iraq and Palestine became British
mandates
Homework
 Read through pages 418-422 in your book and
make picture notecards for the following terms:
 Fourteen Points
 Self-determination
 League of Nations
 Buffer Zone
 Reparations
 Mandates
Next Time
 Review!