Football Friday, Sept 12, 2014
• Take your seat
• Take out your warm-up
• Quietly begin Warm-Up
Warm-Up
Write down in 5+ sentences as much as you
can remember about the Industrial Revolution.
(think problems; pollution, labor issues, child
labor, working conditions, etc..)
Today’s Agenda
• Warm-Up / Class Discussion
• Health Note of the week – Nutrition Labels
• http://www.fda.gov/food/ingredientspackaginglab
eling/labelingnutrition/ucm274593.htm
• https://www.snickers.com/Nutritional-Info
• FN: “Industry and Technology Advance Rapidly”
• Homework:
• Finish vocabulary
• Do last nights homework if not done – it is late and you
have detention Monday unless I get it.
Snickers – reg.
Flamin’ Hot CHeetos
Nutrition Facts
Nutrition Facts
Serving Size 1 bar (47g)
Serving Size 21 pieces (1oz)
Amount Per Serving
Calories from Fat 100
Calories 160
Amount Per Serving
Calories from Fat 200
Calories 440
% Daily Values*
Total Fat 22g
Saturated Fat 8g
Trans Fat 0g
Cholesterol 10mg
Sodium 230mg
Total Carbohydrate 56g
Dietary Fiber 2g
Sugars 46g
Protein 8g
Total Fat 11g
34%
40%
3% Cholesterol 0mg
10% Sodium 250mg
Saturated Fat 1.5g
Polyunsaturated
Fat 0g
Monounsaturated
Fat 0g
Trans Fat 0g
Potassium 0mg
19% Total Carbohydrate 13g
Dietary Fiber 0g
8%
Sugars 0g
Other
Carbohydrate 0g
Protein 1g
% Daily Values*
17%
8%
0%
10%
4%
0%
1877 - 1917
Unit 2—Chapters 3 – 4
Industrialization and Progressivism
CSS 11.1, 11.2, 11.3. 11.5, 11.6
Part One
Industry and Technology Advance Rapidly
EQ: What factors led to the industrialization of America,
and what impact did industrialization have on society?
Natural Resources
• US had plenty of:
• Lumber – Trees,
renewable resource
• Fossil Fuels
• Coal & Oil– Ancient
plant matter compressed
under layers of rock for
millions of years, not
renewable
• Iron – 6th most
commonly found element
on Earth
Natural Resources
There were three things you could
do in most coal mining areas:
“you can coal mine, moonshine, or
move it on down the line.”
Oil Piers in Santa Barbara
County, most are gone
now.
Invention and Innovation
• Bessemer Steel,
mass-produced
• Raised temperatures of
molten iron by shooting
air through it,
removing impurities
• Hot, dangerous work
• Huge demand for high
quality Anthracite coal
• Built skyscrapers
and bridges
Flatiron Building, NY 1902
Everyone
who worked
there had
smooth,
straight hair
Marvelous Monday, Sept. 15, 2014
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Turn HW into basket
Pick up your notebook
Open to Vocabulary
Quietly work on vocabulary (5-10 min)
Vocabulary
Remember you must do Picture, Def. and one of the
items in column 3
Term & Pic
Definition
Re-define in your
own words/ make
conn. Or give
example
Unit 2 Vocabulary
Ch. 3 Sec. 1
1. Thomas Edison
2. Andrew Carnegie
3. John D. Rockefeller
4. Trust
5. Social Darwinism
6. Monopoly
7. Knights of labor
8. AFL
9. anarchist
Term & Pic
Ch. 3 Sec. 2
10. Ellis Island
11. Angel Island
12. Suburb
13. tenement
Ch. 3 Sec. 4
18.Gilded Age
19.Jim Crow Laws
20.Graft
Ch. 3 Sec. 3
21.Pendleton Act
14.Sharecropping 22.Populist Party
15.Dawes Act
16.Assimilate
17.Open range
Definition
Re-define in your
own words/ make
conn. Or give
Today’s Agenda
• Vocabulary
• Finish FN: “Industry & Technology
Advance Rapidly”
• Primary Documents
• Homework:
• Finish vocabulary
• Answer EQ for today’s notes
Brooklyn Bridge, 1870 – 1883
Estimates range
from 20 to over 30
killed during
construction.
Hundreds injured
from falls, the
bends, and other
accidents
Invention and Innovation
Light Bulb (Thomas Edison)
• cheaper, safer lighting night
work available now
• Rival to Edison, Adolphe
Chailet, produced a bulb in
1901 that has burned
continuously
• Don’t get named Adolph
Telephone (Alexander
Graham Bell)
• instant communication
across the nation and the
world
• Morse Code - beeps
You should see
the Bluetooth for
this thing.
It’s
actually
just a
blue
tooth.
Impact of Industrialization
• Rise in Standard of
Living
• Cities grow up and
out
• More efficient
production
• Improvements in
transportation and
communication
• Mass consumerism
Fill in as much as you can in
the chart below
The Industrialization of America
Causes
Effects
*Natural Resources
*
*
*
•Growth of Cities
•*
•*
•*
•*
Fill in the chart below
The Industrialization of America
Causes
Effects
*Natural Resources
•Growth of Cities
*Millions of
immigrants from
Europe and Asia
•More railroads and
industry
*Government
policies that
encouraged business
*Culture that
favored
entrepreneurs
•New inventions like
the electric light bulb
and the phonograph
•Rise in the standard
of living for many
people
•Large corporations
dominated
Industrial Leaders
• Captains of Industry
Actions of these wealthy
businessmen make them
visionary heroes who
made America great
• or Robber Barons?
• others argue that
they were greedy
men who paid
immigrants little to
work dangerous
jobs while amassing
wealth & destroying
the environment
Fancy
How the Other Half Lives – Jacob
Riis, 1890
Swedish immigrant, Joseph Riis,
spent his career taking photographs
of the consequences of
industrialized and urbanized
America during the Gilded Age, In
1890 he published them in his book
How the Other Half Lives. Upper
and middle class Americans got to
see what life was like for the urban
poor.
How the Other Half Lives – Jacob
Riis, 1890
20 Richest American of All Time
1. John D. Rockefeller
1839–1937
oil
$900 million
$189.6 billion
2. Andrew Carnegie
1835–1919
Steel
$250 million
$100.5 billion
3. Cornelius Vanderbilt
1794–1877
shipping, railroads
$105 million
$95.9 billion
4. John Jacob Astor
1763–1848
real estate, fur trade
$20 million
$78 billion
5. William H. Gates III
1955–
Software
$61.7 billion
$61.7 billion
6. Stephen Girard
1750–1831
shipping, real estate
$7.5 million
$55.6 billion
7. A.T. Stewart
1803–1876
retail, real estate
$50 million
$46.9 billion
8. Frederick Weyerhaeuser
1834–1914
Lumber
$200 million
$43.2 billion
9. Jay Gould
1836–1892
Railroads
$72 million
$42.1 billion
10. Marshall Field
1834–1906
department stores
$140 million
$40.7 billion
11. Sam Walton
1918–1992
Retail
$28 billion
$37.4 billion
12. Henry Ford
1863–1947
automobiles
$1 billion
$36.1 billion
13. Warren Buffett
1930–
investing
$34.2 billion
$34.2 billion
14. Andrew W. Mellon
1855–1937
banking
$350 million
$32.3 billion
15. Richard B. Mellon
1858–1933
banking
$350 million
$32.3 billion
16. James G. Fair
1831–1894
mining
$45 million
$29.8 billion
17. William Weightman
1813–1904
chemicals
$80 million
$29.2 billion
18. Moses Taylor
1806–1882
banking
$40 million
$29.2 billion
19. Russell Sage
1816–1906
finance
$100 million
$29.1 billion
20. John Blair
1802–1899
railroads
$60 million
$28.9 billion
Terrific Thursday, Sept. 18
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Turn in your homework questions
Take your seat
Take out your notebook
Take out yesterday’s documents
Precious Time
Take the time to complete your notes “Industry and
Technology Advances Rapidly”
1. Highlight important information
2. Add Cornell Questions
3. Answer the EQ if it is not done.
Today’s Agenda
• Warm-Up / Class Discussion
• Finish Primary Documents – group work
• Writing Assignment
• Homework:
• Finish Paragraph
• Add 2 pictures to your title page
The Industrial Revolution and Labor
Primary Source Analysis
Prompt:
How did the Industrial Revolution change
the way workers did their jobs? Be to
use clear examples from the sources and
explain the differences seen in the
images between white and black
American laborers.
You need explain @ least 3 ways work
changed based off these images.
The Industrial Revolution and Labor
Primary Source Analysis
2 Greens, 3 yellow, 6 reds (2 per yellow)
The industrial revolution changed the
way Americans worked by…. First,
American workers began to be divided
between… . An example of this is seen in
sources… . These images show … .
Another important change in that
American laborers faced were... These
changes are seen in documents…
Part One
The Rise of Big Business
EQ: What factors led to the industrialization of America,
and what impact did industrialization have on society?
John D. Rockefeller, 1839 - 1937
• founded Standard Oil in
1870
• he became the first
billionaire and is
arguably the richest man
in modern history
• his estimated wealth
would be $318 billion
today
• he gave $550 million in
charity to universities and
medical groups
Standard Oil, 1870
• the company controlled most of the
world’s oil supply
• it owned railroads, refineries, and
gas stations
• In 1911, the US Supreme Court
ordered it to split up into 34
separate companies
• Horizontal Consolidation
• Rockefeller forced rivals out of
business by keeping his prices too
low for them to compete and then
bought them out
Standard Oil
Andrew Carnegie, 1835 – 1919
• Scottish immigrant to the US
in 1848
• he made $1.20 for a 72-hour
work week at age 13
• he made his fortune in steel
and then spent the last 20
years of his life giving his
fortune away
• he did NOT believe in giving
money to people instead he built
museums and schools
Andrew Carnegie
In this slide we see Andrew
Carnegie (center, with the while
beard) surrounded by a group of
business leaders.
Skibo Castle
Carnegie Steel
• Carnegie sold his company to JP Morgan
for $350 million
• Morgan turned US Steel into the first
billion-dollar corporation in America
• Vertical Integration
• Carnegie owned every step of the steelmaking process from mining to smelting to
shipping
In this slide we see Andrew Carnegie (center, with the while beard) surrounded by a group of
business leaders. (2.2E)
Activity
• Instructions:
• In your table group, look through the different
terms.
• Search for patterns and identify ways in which the
terms are related.
• Organize your terms in the patterns you see.
• When you are done, you should have created 4
“companies”. Two of these demonstrate Horizontal
Consolidation, two demonstrate Vertical Integration.
• Hints:
• Two companies follow a Horizontal Pattern →
• Two companies follow a Vertical Pattern. ↓
Trusts/Monopolies/Cartels
• companies that
controlled an entire
industry
• often a company
owned a whole series
of other companies
• this stopped
competition which
hurt prices and quality
of the goods
Sherman Anti-Trust Act, 1890
• Gov’s first
attempt to
regulate bad
monopolies
• monopolies
that tried to
artificially keep
prices high
• not well enforced
and couldn’t do
too much to big
business
Criticism and Defense of Big Business
• Social Darwinism
• the rich are rich because they work hard and are smart and
talented
• the poor are lazy and stupid
• Social Gospel
• rich people should NOT give money directly to the
poor instead they should carefully manage their
charity for the greatest good…libraries, schools,
hospitals
• Laissez-faire
• the government should not regulate business because it
makes businesses less efficient
Social Darwinism
Social Gospel
Religious
Movement
Survival of the fittest
It’s your money, you
keep it
1.
2.
3.
The rich are rich
because they work
hard, are smart and
talented
4.
The poor are lazy and
stupid
6.
5.
Relate to human
relations
Stems from
industrialization
Struggle between
those with and
those without
Believe gov’t has
a role to play
Caused social
stresses
Still exist
The purpose of
wealth is not to
hoard it
Share it with
less fortunate
people
Don’t give
money directly
to poor
Create
libraries,
schools, etc.
for the greater
good
Moral Issues Discussion
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If a Walmart employee gets trampled on Black Friday, is Walmart responsible?
Why/why not?
Should companies be responsible for the pollution they create?
If a car maker knowingly makes a bad car, should the government punish him?
Why/why not?
Health Insurance is tied to employment in the US. Meaning, you have to have a
good, full-time job to get health benefits. This means that a McDonald's worker
most likely doesn't have insurance. If he gets cancer, he doesn't have coverage
and will probably die. Is this okay? Why/why not?
Is it OK for the US to invade other countries in the name of spreading
Democracy? Why/why not?
Improved health care has increased the life expectancy of Americans. More
specifically, poor Americans. This is proven through the fact that wealthy
peoples' life expectancy has increased by 2 years in the last 100 years, while
poor peoples' life expectancy has increased by 30 years. What do you think
about this? Why?
Do you think the government should set a minimum wage? Why/why not? How
about maximum hours-per-week? Minimum age to work? Why/why not?
If a woman orders coffee, but the store doesn't specifically explain that the
coffee is hot, and then she spills it on herself, causing severe burns, is it the
store's fault? Why/why not?
If a child becomes obese because his family fed him fast food every day, whose
fault is it? Why?
Part One
Workers Organize
EQ: What factors led to the industrialization of America,
and what impact did industrialization have on society?
Workers Endure Hardships
• Women and
Children
• Long days
• Low pay
• Dangerous
working
conditions
• No health
benefits, vacation
or security
Labor Unions and the Impact of Industrialization
• unions allow workers to negotiate with
their bosses as a group
• this is called collective bargaining
• shorter work hours, safer working
conditions, workman’s compensation
• unions collect dues to raise money for
their causes
• the National Labor Union was the first
large nation-wide labor union, it collapsed
during the depression of 1873
Labor Unions and the Impact of Industrialism
• Skilled Worker
• workers that possess some expertise, training,
or education that make them hard or
impossible to replace
• masons, carpenters, blacksmiths, and bakers
• Unskilled Worker
• workers that possess no specific training and
are therefore easily replaced
• miner, factory assembly
Labor Unions and the Impact of Industrialism
• Knights of Labor, 1869
• secretive union that allowed
any worker (skilled or
unskilled) to join
• except liquor dealers,
gamblers, and lawyers
• membership rose to over
700,000
• pushed for an end to child labor,
progressive income tax, and
equal pay for women
In this slide we see coal miners, most of whom are boys, in Pennsylvanian.
The
Triangle
Shirtwaist
Company
Fire – 1911
Labor Unions and the Impact of Industrialism
• American Federation of
Labor, 1886
• led by Samuel Gompers, this
union was made of a whole
bunch of skilled unions
• the AFL is the largest union
organization in the US today
• more successful in negotiations
because it’s members were
harder to replace
• anti-immigrant, especially antiChinese
Strike Terminology (don’t write)
• work-to-rule
• workers perform their tasks exactly as they are required to but no better
• sickout
• the strikers call in sick
• sit-down strike
• workers may occupy the workplace, but refuse either to do their jobs or to
leave
• general strike
• Strike that involve all workers, or a number of large and important groups
of workers, in a particular community or region
• sympathy strike
• one group of workers refuses to cross a picket line established by another
as a means of supporting the striking workers.
In this slide we see strikers at a textile mill in Lawrence,
Massachusetts, being held back by federal troops. (2.2H)
Labor Unions and the Impact of Industrialism
• Haymarket Square Riot, 1886
• a rally for union workers in
Chicago turned into a riot when
a bomb went off
• Killed 7 seven police and many
civilians
• 8 anarchists were arrested for
murder
• anti-immigrant, anti-labor
prejudice hurt unions
Labor Unions and the Impact of Industrialism
• Pullman Strike, 1893
• Amid a depression, the Pullman
Palace Car Company cut pay by
28%
• the American Railway Union called
for a boycott
• 125,000+ workers went on strike in
Chicago
• they toppled trains to shut down
the nation’s railroads
• 12,000 troops broke up the strike
because they interfered with the US
Mail
Pullman Strike, 1893
Fill in the chart below
Labor Unions
Organize
Workers Suffer
A labor movement
grows
Strikes break out
Fill in the chart below
Knights of Labor
Long Hours
Sweatshops
Labor Unions
Organize
Workers Suffer
Dangerous work
AFL
A labor movement
grows
Strikes break out
Pullman Strike
Haymarket Riot