The Republic Launched- CH 10 Insights
Republic- people elect representatives to govern
Students will understand the two opposing views on country and government by Alexander
Hamilton and Thomas Jefferson; and how those differences lead to the formation of the
1st American (Political) Party System (Federalists vs. Democratic/Republicans)
1) Explain why Americans look at the role of government
different? (Why do different groups want different action from
the Gov.?)
2) Evaluate the Amendments in the Bill of Rights and identify
one you think is most and least important.
3) Explain how Hamilton’s policies lead to the formation of
political parties in the US
4) Identify 3 beliefs of both the Federalists and Dem/Rep
5) Decide if you are a Dem. or Rep and ID 3 beliefs that
helped sway your decision.
The US in 1790 and Views on the Constitution
• Rural America- little need for Gov.
– Hector St. John Crevecoer
• Equality- poor
• Barter Economy (little cash, traded services or whiskey)
• Urban America- more need for Gov.
– Commerce/Trade- protect goods abroad
• Barbary Pirates- stealing US goods off Africa
– Inequality of Wealth- rich living among poor
– ?Which of these two America’s does the US most reflect today?
Is America better of today than in 1790?
• Views on Constitution
– Merchants- strong gov. to ensure trade, protect wealth, strong
currency
– Rural- less Gov. b/c they did things themselves
Financing the New Republic- Hamilton’s plan to make America rich
and strong
• Alexander Hamilton (Two Goals)
– Promote manufacturing and commerce/businessmake money
– Tie wealthy to government
• ?Why?
• Policies
– Whiskey Tax- tax on Whiskey to help pay war debt
• Why would farmers be so sensitive to a tax on Whiskey?
• Whiskey Rebellion- farmers in W. Penn. Rise up, put
down by Pres. Wash.
– ?What does the put down of the rebellion show about the
new government?
– Bank of US- national bank to issue money and insure
the dollar is valuable (pay debt)
• ?Why might some Americans be against a Bank of US?
The Republic Launched- CH 10 Insights
Republic- people elect representatives to govern
Students will understand the two opposing views on country and government by Alexander
Hamilton and Thomas Jefferson; and how those differences lead to the formation of the
1st American (Political) Party System (Federalists vs. Democratic/Republicans)
1) Explain why Americans look at the role of government
different? (Why do different groups want different action from
the Gov.?)
2) Evaluate the Amendments in the Bill of Rights and identify
one you think is most and least important.
3) Explain how Hamilton’s policies lead to the formation of
political parties in the US
4) Identify 3 beliefs of both the Federalists and Dem/Rep
5) Decide if you are a Dem. or Rep and ID 3 beliefs that
helped sway your decision.
Where do you stand on the following issues? Answer (afterwards put a
D or R next to how you answered the question)
1) Government provided healthcare (Should government provide medical
services- means higher taxes, possibly lower quality in service but you will not die
because you can not afford an operation
2) Legalization of drugs (Should marijuana be legal?)
3) Abortion (Pro-life/No abortion or Pro-Choice/woman rights to choose)
4) Minimum Wage (Should it be higher? Might mean fewer jobs available?)
5) Military Spending (Should America spend more or less on security? More
spending often means less services for society- education, roads, welfare)
6) Immigration (Should America get tough on illegal immigrants? Deportation?
Dream Act?)
7) Gay Rights (Should marriage be available to gay people?)
8) Affirmative Action (Should privileges be given to Af/Am and Latino’s for college
and government jobs because they have been victims of discrimination in the past?)
9) Role of government (Should government do more to help people in need
because Gov. can help people move up in society who can’t help themselves
or less because Gov. is often corrupt, will raise taxes, and people know how to help
themselves better than government can?)
3rd American Party System
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• Democrats (Liberal)
Gov. should provide services and help
people in need
Higher Taxes (on rich) taxes help
spread $ to all Americans
Individual Freedom- let people live life
(less censorship, gay rights, legalize
drugs, pro-immigration)
Abortion (pro life) woman has right to
choose
Pro-Labor (worker) make rules so
business does not abuse workers
Military- less $, use military to help
countries and people in need
Environmentalism- make laws to
protect (endangered animals)
Constitution- Loose Construction,
allow gov. to adapt, strong fed gov.
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• Republicans (Conservative)
Government should do less b/c it’s
corrupt and inefficient
Lower Taxes-people know what to do
w $ best, spending spreads $
Less freedom- society over individual,
protect people from unhealthy
lifestyles, no crime
Anti-Abortion (Pro-Life) fetus is a
child, abortion is murder
Pro-Business-help business grow w
less rules(business creates jobs)
Military- spend $, only use military for
national defense, isolationist
Environmentalism- gets in way of
business and hurts jobs growth
Constitution- Strict construct., limit
power of Fed gov, states rights
3rd American Party System- who supports each party
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• Democrats
Poor
Minorities
Urban Areas
Intellectuals
Young People
Think of one reason why
each group supports the
Dems?
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• Republicans
Rich/ Business
White Males
Rural Areas
Christians
Older People
Think of one reason
each group supports
Reps?
ID-Alexander Hamilton (p 193)
Summary 1- What was Hamilton’s view on government?
Strong central government
Summary 2- Who was Hamilton’s rival and what was his view on
government?
Jefferson, strong state government (states rights)
OI- Washington for President, Hamilton Revives the Corpse of
Public Credit
1) What did Washington establish, that was not mentioned in the
Constitution, to help advise him?
Cabinet
Why is the creation of a cabinet, members appointed by the
President to advise the Pres., a somewhat scandalous idea in a
country that believes in Democracy and voting
The Cabinet is not in the Constitution, Cabinet
members have incredible power approved by the
Pres. but were not elected by the people (seems like an
abuse of power by the President to those afraid of Constitution/ strong
central Gov. right from the start)
2) Who was the Secretary of Treasury? State?
Treasury- guides Government monetary policy and
debt
Alexander Hamilton
State- deals with foreign affairs
Thomas Jefferson
Who is the Secretary of State today?
3) What was “Assumption?” (Who would become responsible
for paying debt? Who was originally responsible for debt?)
Assumption-federal government would “assume” (pay
off) the debts owed by the individual states from the
Revolutionary War
Why would some states not like the idea of Assumption?
4) Virginia did not like “Assumption.” What was Va. Offered in
return for accepting “assumption?”
The new capital (Washington DC) would be located in
Va.
ID- Evolution of Major Parties (197)
Summary 3- The democrats are descendants of what
political party in 1792?
Democratic-Republicans (Jefferson)
Summary 4- The Republicans are descendants of what
political party in 1792?
Federalists (Hamilton)
OI- The Emergence of Political Parties
5) What was the source of the division in politics that lead to the
development of political parties?
Hamilton’s financial (money) policies effected farmers/poor
Whiskey Tax- tax on Whiskey
Why would farmers feel so sensitive about a
tax on Whiskey by a central government?
Whiskey was currency (devalued w. tax)
Over bearing/too strong central government interfering w.
farmers just trying to live their lives by themselves
Whiskey Rebellion- farmers in W. Penn. rise up, crushed by
Washington
Why is the fact this rebellion failed/ was crushed important
to the new federal government?
Showed the Gov. could enforce it’s laws
6) Why did the founders of the nation not envision the creation of
political parties?
Organized opposition to the government seemed
treasonous or disloyal
Is standing up against your government treasonous
or patriotic? Explain why or why not?
7) What is the role of the political party when it is out of power?
To balance government to prevent government from going
too far to one side against wishes of the people
New Government- Washington’s Presidency (1789-1797)
• Great Experiment- US first democracy/republic
– Cabinet- advises President
• State- Thomas Jefferson
• Treasury- Alexander Hamilton
• ?Who was left out of loop?
– Bill of Rights
• 1st- Speech, press, religion, assembly, petition
• 2nd- Bear Arms (guns) for militia
• ?Is the 2nd still relevant?
• 4th- Search and Seizure
• ?Can you really say no to the police?
• 5th Double Jeopardy
• ?Should a person be tried for a crime after
being found innocent if new evidence
emerges?
• 10th States Rights
ID- The Contrast (p 198)
Summary 5- How is the French Revolution shown as being more
dangerous than the American Revolution?
Medusa leading the rebellion (holding a sword)
Dead body on ground
What is the cartoon implying about the French Rev.?
OI- The Impact of the French Revolution
8) Why did the Americans’ at first support the French
Revolution?
Seen as an extension of the American Rev. and our ideas
of liberty and democracy (anti-monarchy)
9) Why did Americans start to change their minds about the
course of the French Revolution?
Too violent (innocent people were being killed by radicals)
10) How did Hamiltonians/ Federalists view the revolution?
Jeffersonians?
Hamiltonians- against Fr. Rev (support strong central
government, looked up to Eng/monarchy)
Jeffersonians- in favor of Fr. Rev. (seen as people over the elite
ruling class, Dem. over monarchy)
Washington Farewell Address- Wash. Steps down after 2
terms ( gives two warnings for America’s future)
Why do you think he stepped down?
1) Isolationism- “beware of European Alliances” stay out
of European affairs
2) Political Parties- beware, Parties work for themselves
over the good of nation (cause division among Americans)
How true are his warnings today? (Afghanistan, Romney vs.
Obama)
ID- The Two Political Parties, 1793-1800 (P 208)
What was the difference between Feds and Dem/Reps on…
Summary 6- who feel should rule the government?
Feds- best people (elite/rich)
Dem/Rep- informed masses
Whose vision is truer today? Who has more power?
Summary 7- Where power in the government should reside?
Feds- central government over states rights
Dem- States rights over strong central gov.
Who is best situated to respond to the will of all
people? States or Central Government?
Identify one problem with state rule ( ie. Arizona) and
one w. Central Power (ie tyranny)
Summary 8- Who the government should support?
Feds- business and industry
Dems- agriculture
Whose vision for the future of America would create
a better America?
Summary 9- Freedom of speech and press?
Feds- limited freedoms for the good of society
Dem- freedom of speech and press
Why would freedom of speech and press be so
vitally important to Dem?
Two political parties Emerge
• Democratic-Republicans
• Jefferson and Madison
– Educated electorate
– Revolutionary Fear
• Weak central government/ states
rights
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Agriculture
Equality and personal liberty
Pro-French Revolution
Strict Construction
?What Dem/Rep idea most
resonates with you?
• Federalists/ Hamilton
– Natural Aristocracy
– Society over the individual
– Manufacturing and
commerce
– Against French Revolution
– Loose Construction/ Implied
Powers
– ?What federalist idea most
resonates with you?
– ?Who do you feel has the
better plan for the future of
America?
Alien and Sedition Acts- unconstitutional laws by Federalists
meant to weaken the Dem/Rep. Party
Alien Act- said Pres. could deport any alien for any reason
Naturalization Act- change time to become an American
from 5 to 14 years
Sedition Act- crime to criticize the President, nation, or
government
Do these laws violate any rights?Was it a good idea to write up a Bill of
Rights? Explain (What were Americans afraid of w. the Constitution?
Why do you think the Federalists are targeting immigrants?
Virginia/Kentucky Resoultions- said that states could ignore any
law they found unconstitutional and could even secedes (leave
union if necessary)
Do Va and Ky. have a good reason for coming up with this point of
view?
Is their solution the best way to solve their problem? What could be
another way?
Federalists Versus Democratic-Republicans
11) What was the Federalist view on Democracy?
Feds distrusted common people (favored rule by
elites)
Why might the elite be better at running the
country than common people?
12) Why did Federalists want a strong Central
government?
Protect property and lives (from stuff being burned),
help trade, protect wealthy from poor
13) What kind of government did Jefferson want?
One that did as little as possible
Why is a limited government possibly a good
government? What is the problem with
limited government?
14) What was Jefferson’s most important criteria for voting?
Literate, informed voters
What do you feel would be Jefferson’s impression of
the Presidential election this year?
15) How would slavery in Jefferson’s mind help people from
becoming landless dependants (simple wage earners)?
Whites would never perform the lowest level jobs because
they would go to blacks forcing whites to seek higher
paying jobs