Matthew Kutzler
Structural Option
Spring 2004
Buildings C and D
Campus Square, Lehigh University
Bethlehem, PA
Campus Square – Buildings C and D
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Located at Lehigh University
in Bethlehem, PA
Complex consists of four
dormitories and a parking
deck
Buildings A and D are
structurally similar, as well
as Buildings B and C
Campus Square – Buildings C and D
Matthew Kutzler – Structural
Location
Campus Square – Buildings C and D
Matthew Kutzler – Structural
Presentation Contents
Building Overview
 Proposal
 Breadth: Acoustics
 Depth: Structural
 Breadth: Construction
Management
 Conclusions
 Acknowledgements
 Questions
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Campus Square – Buildings C and D
Matthew Kutzler – Structural
Building Overview
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Project Team
– Owner: Lehigh University
– Architect: Bohlin Cywinski Jackson
– Mechanical/Plumbing/Electrical: Brinjac
Engineering, Inc.
– Civil and Structural:
Barry Isett & Associates
– Construction
Management: Alvin H. Butz
Campus Square – Buildings C and D
Matthew Kutzler – Structural
Building Overview
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Statistics
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Function: residential and retail
Zoning: building height limited to 70 ft
Total cost: $23 million
Building C:
 49,565 sq ft (multipurpose - 18,010 sq ft)
 Floors 1-2: campus bookstore; 3-5: apartments
– Building D:
 30,654 sq ft
 Floors 1-3: apartments
Campus Square – Buildings C and D
Matthew Kutzler – Structural
Building Overview
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Architecture
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250 beds in double, triple, and quad apartments
Floor-to-ceiling height is 8’
Red brick face
Aluminum
storefront
framing
Campus Square – Buildings C and D
Matthew Kutzler – Structural
Building Overview
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Floor Plan
Campus Square – Buildings C and D
Matthew Kutzler – Structural
Building Overview
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Structural – Gravity
– Building C:
 Steel frame on floors
1-3
 Load bearing
masonry walls on
floors 4-5
 8” precast hollow
core plank
 Typical bays are 20’
x 20’
Campus Square – Buildings C and D
Matthew Kutzler – Structural
Building Overview
Campus Square – Buildings C and D
Matthew Kutzler – Structural
Building Overview
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Structural – Gravity
– Building D:
 Load bearing masonry walls
 8” precast hollow core plank
Campus Square – Buildings C and D
Matthew Kutzler – Structural
Building Overview
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Structural
– Foundations:
 Continuous strip footings along the perimeter
 Interior spread and combined footings
– Lateral:
 8” concrete masonry shear walls
Campus Square – Buildings C and D
Matthew Kutzler – Structural
Presentation Contents
Building Overview
 Proposal
 Breadth: Acoustics
 Depth: Structural
 Breadth: Construction
Management
 Conclusions
 Acknowledgements
 Questions
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Campus Square – Buildings C and D
Matthew Kutzler – Structural
Proposal
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Criteria to maintain
– Floor-to-ceiling height
– Current floor plan
– Architectural scheme
Campus Square – Buildings C and D
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Goals
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Framing
Foundations
Lateral system
Vibration
Fire Protection
Acoustics
Construction
Management
Matthew Kutzler – Structural
Presentation Contents
Building Overview
 Proposal
 Breadth: Acoustics
 Depth: Structural
 Breadth: Construction
Management
 Conclusions
 Acknowledgements
 Questions
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Campus Square – Buildings C and D
Matthew Kutzler – Structural
Acoustics
BOCA requires an STC and IIC of 45
 Current STC
– Precast plank: 58
– Masonry walls and partitions: 52
 Current IIC
– Precast plank: 50
 Dictates slab thickness of proposed systems
– 4” slab: STC= 44 IIC = 25
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Campus Square – Buildings C and D
Matthew Kutzler – Structural
Acoustics
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Solution
– STC rating of 60
– IIC of 59
– Floorboard reduces
airborne and impact
noise
Campus Square – Buildings C and D
Matthew Kutzler – Structural
Presentation Contents
Building Overview
 Proposal
 Breadth: Acoustics
 Depth: Structural
 Breadth: Construction
Management
 Conclusions
 Acknowledgements
 Questions
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Campus Square – Buildings C and D
Matthew Kutzler – Structural
Structural – Pan Joist System
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Slab
– 4 ksi normal weight concrete
– 3.5” (1 hour fire rating)
– #3 @ 12” o.c.
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Joists
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40” pans
12” x 8”
2 - #6 top and bottom
#3 @ 12” o.c. for shear
Campus Square – Buildings C and D
Matthew Kutzler – Structural
Structural – Pan Joist System
Girder Reinforcement
Tributary
Girder Span (ft) Width (ft)
Top
Bottom
Shear
a
20
10
5 - #7
4 - #5
#4 @ 12"
b
20
20
5 - #8
4 - #6
#4 @ 6"
c
20
6
7 - #6
2 - #6
#5 @ 12"
d
20
13
5 - #8
3 - #6
#5 @ 12"
Campus Square – Buildings C and D
Matthew Kutzler – Structural
Structural – Pan Joist System
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Columns
– A: 20’ x 10’ … exterior
– B: 20’ x 13’ … corridor
– C: 20’ x 20’ … interior,
other than the corridor
– 18” x 18”
– 4 - #9’s
Campus Square – Buildings C and D
Matthew Kutzler – Structural
Structural – Pan Joist System
Typical Footings
Calculated
Column
A (spread)
B (comb.)
C (spread)
Size
9' x 9'
16‘ x 12'
12' x 12'
Depth
1'-6"
2'-6"
2'-0"
Campus Square – Buildings C and D
Reinf.
9 #7 E.W.
#9 @ 12" E.W.
12 #8 E.W.
Specified
Depth
Reinf.
2'-4"
9 #7 E.W.
(T + B)
2'-6"
#9 @ 12“ E.W.
(T + B)
2'-4"
12 #8 E.W.
(T + B)
Matthew Kutzler – Structural
Structural – Pan Joist System
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Lateral
– Shear walls removed
– Total drift: 0.515” < 1.53”
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Vibration
– No calculation needed
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Fire Protection
- 3.5” slab is adequate for one-hour fire rating
Campus Square – Buildings C and D
Matthew Kutzler – Structural
Structural – Steel Joist System
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Slab
– 3 ksi normal weight concrete
– 4” slab on 24 gage UFS form deck
– 44 – W4.0 x 4.0 welded wire fabric
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Joists
– Apartments: 18K3 @ 2’-10”
– Corridors: 16K3 @ 3’-0”
Campus Square – Buildings C and D
Matthew Kutzler – Structural
Structural – Steel Joist System
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Beams and Girders
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Perimeter: W16 x 31
Corridor: W16 x 31
Other beams: W12 x 19
Other girders: W16 x 31 and W18 x 35
Columns
– W12 x 72
Campus Square – Buildings C and D
Matthew Kutzler – Structural
Structural – Steel Joist System
< Bay 1
Bay 2 >
Campus Square – Buildings C and D
Matthew Kutzler – Structural
Structural – Steel Joist System
Typical Footings
Calculated
Column
A (spread)
B (comb.)
Size
8' x 8'
15' x 10'
C (spread) 11' x 11’
Depth
1'-6"
2'-4"
2'-0"
Campus Square – Buildings C and D
Reinf.
8 #6 E.W.
#9 @ 12" E.W.
11 #8 E.W.
Specified
Depth
Reinf.
2'-4"
8 #6 E.W.
(T + B)
2'-4"
#9 @ 12" E.W.
(T + B)
2'-4"
11 #8 E.W.
(T + B)
Matthew Kutzler – Structural
Structural – Steel Joist System
Existing
Campus Square – Buildings C and D
Proposed
Matthew Kutzler – Structural
Structural – Steel Joist System
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Vibration
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AISC criteria
Apartment and corridor bays analyzed
Passed walking excitation criteria
Frequency was below 9 Hz so no floor stiffness
check required
Campus Square – Buildings C and D
Matthew Kutzler – Structural
Structural – Steel Joist System
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Fire Protection
– Steel joists: max spacing of 48” o.c.
– Bridging: 1/2” diameter bars
– Ceiling: Acoustical material or gypsum board
Design No. G205
Campus Square – Buildings C and D
Matthew Kutzler – Structural
Presentation Contents
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Building Overview
Proposal
Breadth: Acoustics
Depth: Structural
Breadth: Construction
Management
Conclusions
Acknowledgements
Questions
Campus Square – Buildings C and D
Matthew Kutzler – Structural
Construction Management
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Cost Comparison
– Framing
– Floors
– Formwork
Cost Comparison
Campus Square – Buildings C and D
Existing
$595,800
Concrete
$774,457
Steel
$564,961
Matthew Kutzler – Structural
Presentation Contents
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Building Overview
Proposal
Breadth: Acoustics
Depth: Structural
Breadth: Construction
Management
Conclusions
Acknowledgements
Questions
Campus Square – Buildings C and D
Matthew Kutzler – Structural
Conclusions
Which system has the advantage?
Existing - steel w/ Steel joists w/ cast- Concrete frame
precast plank
in-place slab
and pan joists
Cost
x
Labor Time
x
Building Height
x
Weight
x
Lead Time
Plenum Space
x
x
x
x
x
x
Lateral System
x
Crane Rental
x
Acoustics
x
x
Fire Protection
x
x
Vibration
x
x
Campus Square – Buildings C and D
Matthew Kutzler – Structural
Acknowledgements
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Barry Isett & Associates
– Ross Sotak
– Jeff Thoms
Alvin H. Butz
 Lehigh University
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– Tony Corallo
AE Faculty
 AE Classmates
 Family and friends
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Campus Square – Buildings C and D
Matthew Kutzler – Structural
Questions?
Campus Square – Buildings C and D
Matthew Kutzler – Structural