Digestive System
Breaks down food into
nutrients.
Made up of:
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Mouth
Esophagus
Stomach
Small intestine
Large intestine
Rectum
Anus
Food does not travel through:
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Salivary glands
Liver
Pancreas
Gall bladder
Types of Digestion
1.
Mechanical Digestion
•
2.
Grinding and mashing of food into smaller
pieces.
Chemical Digestion
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Breaking down of food into nutrients using
acids and enzymes
Proteins- Broken down into amino acids
Used to build muscle
Carbohydrates- Broken down into simple
sugars
Used for energy
Fats- Broken down into fatty acids
Used for stored energy
Digestive Tract
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Food travels through the following organs:
1.Mouth
2.Esophagus
3.Stomach
4.Small intestine
5.Large Intestine
6.Rectum
7.Anus
1. Mouth
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Digestion begins here. Both mechanical
and chemical digestion take place.
Teeth will chew and mash food into smaller
pieces. (mechanical digestion)
Salivary glands found around your mouth
produce saliva that begin chemical
digestion of carbohydrates.
2. Esophagus
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The esophagus is a long tube that
connects the mouth to the stomach.
Food moves through the esophagus
by peristalsis.
Peristalsis is a rhythmic muscle
contraction that squeeze food down.
3. Stomach
Bag-like organ where digestion occurs.
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Mechanical digestion takes place
when the stomach churns.
Chemical digestion takes place when
acid and pepsin breakdown food into
nutrients.
After 2-4 hours your food becomes a
soupy mixture called chyme.
4. Small Intestine
Long but narrow tube where final digestion takes
place.
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Chemical digestion takes
place in the small intestine.
Enzymes completely digest
proteins and fats.
Nutrients are absorbed into
the bloodstream through
villi.
Villi are finger-like
projections found in the
small intestine.
Villi
Bile
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Bile helps to digest fats in the
small intestine.
Bile is made in the liver and
stored in the gall bladder.
liver
gall bladder
Pancreas
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The pancreas releases chemicals
(pancreatic juices) into the small
intestine to help digestion.
Stomach acid is neutralized with
bicarbonate before it enters the
small intestine.
5. Large Intestine
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Undigested food ends up in
the large intestine.
Excess water is removed
from undigested food to
create solid waste.
6. Rectum -Solid waste or
feces is stored here.
7. Anus -Solid waste leaves
the body through here.
teeth
mouth
salivary glands
esophagus
liver
gall bladder
large intestine
small intestine
anus
stomach
pancreas
mouth
esophagus
stomach
liver, pancreas
gall bladder
duodenum
large intestine
small intestine
anus