Drug & Alcohol Employee
Awareness Training
Revised 01102012
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WELCOME!
Welcome to the Keolis Employee Drug and Alcohol
Awareness Training Course.
Our Company’s vision is to be the best passenger
transportation company. To that end, our number
priority is our unwavering commitment to safety.
The purpose of this training is to provide you with
important information about drug abuse and alcohol
misuse in order to minimize the risk of dangerous
accidents and incidents often a problem in drug-filled
workplaces.
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You Matter
The safety of our employees, passengers and the
community in which we serve is our primary
concern.
We care about your ability to perform the job we
hire you to do.
We care about your personal life, and the negative
impact drugs and alcohol can have on you, your
family, your friends, and your co-workers.
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Self Confidence
We hope this Employee Awareness Course will give you the
confidence you need to:
Feel comfortable in coming forward about problems
related to drugs and alcohol
Seek help when needed, and
Encourage your co-workers to do the same.
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Personal Inventory
If you have a history of drug or alcohol abuse, we
hope you have taken every measure possible to stop
the cycle of substance abuse.
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Need Help?
If you, or someone you know needs help, but you
don’t know where to turn, make a personal phone
call to the Human Resources department, and ask
for information. Keolis HR Office – 954-523-2252
We will do everything possible to keep your
questions and concerns confidential.
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What Can You Do?
You can commit to fight substance abuse problems
in the workplace, and at home.
After all, it could be a matter of life or death.
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Drugs and Alcohol
What’s the Big Deal You Ask?
Good question!
Drugs and alcohol in the workplace are a big deal
because they cost
Time,
Money, and
Lives!
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Drugs Cost Companies
Time and Money
Some of the ways drugs cost your company time and
money are:
People call in sick or show up late for work.
Production line slow downs.
Quality defects in the products and services.
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Wasted Time and Money
More ways drugs cost your company time and money
are:
Workplace accidents and incidents.
Inventory shortages.
Missing parts and supplies.
An increase in the use of expensive medical benefits.
The company’s insurance rates go up.
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The Bottom Line
All these problems affect our company’s bottom
line and can potentially limit the ability to offer
richer benefit programs to our workforce.
And, when someone is using drugs or alcohol on
the job, guess who has to pick up the slack?
That’s right!
YOU!!
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Substance Abuse
Is Simply Not Acceptable
Drug abuse and alcohol misuse put workers at risk,
including YOU
In addition, our passengers and our community may also
be at risk
Substance abuse promotes an environment of mistrust
and suspicion and can dilute your value both personally
and professionally
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Lying and Cover Ups
Drug and alcohol abusers ask co-workers to lie for them,
and to cover up for them.
This creates what we call an atmosphere of
“Co-Dependence”.
This is also a direct violation of the company’s policy
regarding professional code of conduct.
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Co-Dependence
Co-Dependence means you feel obligated to
make excuses for someone else so they don’t get
in trouble, or so they don’t feel the consequences
of their own actions.
This only makes the situation worse and can
potentially impact your status and professional
position with our company.
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Are you an Enabler?
You can probably think of times you covered up for
someone at home or at work.
Eventually, you probably felt bad about it.
You may have observed someone doing something
wrong, or even dangerous, but you thought it was best
just to look the other way and keep quiet.
This is called “nabling”.
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Does Covering Up Help?
Covering up and co-dependence compromises your
safety, your health, and the well-being of your
workplace.
Don’t fall into the trap of covering up for others.
It makes the situation worse and causes the problem to
last longer.
Covering up doesn’t help anyone.
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What is Keolis doing to make your Workplace
Drug and Alcohol Free?
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We Will Not Look the Other Way
Our management team are fully trained and are aware to
the dangers drugs and alcohol cause in the workplace.
Keolis/Diversified Transportation has a “zero tolerance” for
drug or alcohol abuse are will not look the other way.
If there is a problem it will be addressed.
Managers will not look the other way
And neither should you!
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Drug Free Company Policy
Companies all across America and the world are
implementing Drug Free Workplace Policies.
Keolis provides important information about substance
abuse as a demonstration of our support for your safety,
health and well being as well as the others we come in
contact with.
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Applicants and Employees
Our commitment to safety begins at the initial states of
employment. Pre-employment applicants are given
notice that drugs and alcohol in the workplace are not
tolerated.
Our company policy will state how drug and alcohol
problems will be dealt with.
The policy includes employee disciplinary actions, up
to and including termination.
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Who Can Answer My Questions?
If you are not familiar with your company’s policy on
drugs and alcohol, talk to the Human Resources
department. The office is staffed to assist you in
understanding our policies. Feel free to call us at 954523-2252
An HR representation can answer questions about our
company’s policy and procedures.
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Will I be Tested for
Drugs or Alcohol?
In furtherance of our commitment to a drug free
workplace policy, Keolis conducts
Pre-employment drug and alcohol tests on
applicants, and
Post-Accident and
Reasonable Suspicion tests on company
employees.
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Testing will make a user “Think Twice”
Drug and alcohol testing is a very effective deterrent.
Substance abusers think twice about using if they know
getting tested may mean their
Job,
Paycheck, and
Livelihood.
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Reasons for Testing
Some employers test their workforce at Random
throughout the year.
If your company has a “second-chance” policy, after
testing positive, they may require you to have a
negative
Return-to-duty test and
negative Follow-up tests.
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Seek Help Before a Test
Don’t wait to try to come clean after a positive test.
If you have a problem, come forward now, and seek help
before you get tested for drugs or alcohol.
Keolis has an Employee Assistance Program that is
available for all employees.
Our company has adopted a “zero tolerance” policy,
you may not get a second chance to seek help.
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Employee Assistance Programs
Many companies have an Employee Assistance
Program, sometimes referred to as an “EAP”.
You may contact the EAP at your convenience for
confidential counseling and referrals toll free at
1-800-756-5792
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Ask for Help
Don’t wait to make that call.
If you, or a co-worker, need help, it’s never too early to
ask for help.
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WORKPLACE TESTING
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What type of drug and
alcohol testing does our company do?
Keolis is mandated by Federal
Regulations to conduct certain type of
tests at particular times.
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DOT Testing
For example, the Department of Transportation
mandates testing for workers in the transportation
industry
All employees in safety sensitive positions are required
to be tested according to DOT rules.
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Do drugs and alcohol
really show up on the tests?
Absolutely!
The testing requires a urine sample while testing for
drugs.
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Testing Methods
The testing methods can provide very accurate
information about the drugs in the system at the
time of the test.
You should be aware that drugs can be detected
anytime from just moments ago, to up to several
months after use.
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Is there any way to beat
the drug tests?
Not really. If you or one of your co-workers are
abusing drugs or alcohol, they will show up on a
test eventually.
Please also be reminded that your work
performance will be reviewed and addressed if
there is validated and documented concerns.
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Alcohol Testing
Alcohol, on the other hand, is usually tested in
Breath,
Saliva, or sometimes
Blood or
Urine.
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Tampering with a Test
Some advertisements claim there are products
available that can help a drug abuser “beat” the
drug test.
But, drug test collectors are specially trained to
look for certain signs related to tampering with or
substituting the specimens.
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Refusals to Test
If an employee is caught attempting to “beat” a drug
test, the situation will be treated like a refusal to test.
Keolis policy has the same consequences for a refusal to
test as a positive test and may result in the termination
of employment.
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Testing Devices
Drug test laboratories, and the
technicians trained to conduct alcohol
tests, use very sophisticated, accurate
devices to test for drugs or alcohol
Even small traces of drugs or alcohol
will show up on most tests conducted
these days.
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Zero Tolerance
As stated earlier, Keolis has a “zero
tolerance” policy, it’s highly unlikely
that someone abusing drugs or
misusing alcohol will come out with a
negative test result.
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Testing Process
Labs and alcohol technicians generally use a two-step
testing process.
If the presence of drugs or alcohol is detected, they will
generally confirm their findings by a second, conclusive
test, called a confirmation test.
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ALCOHOL
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Why is alcohol in the workplace an issue?
Alcohol is the most commonly abused substance.
Although adults may legally consume alcohol,
impairment occurs even in low concentrations of
alcohol in the body.
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Impairment
Studies compiled by the American Medical Association
state that all individuals are impaired at a 0.040 alcohol
concentration level.
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Levels of Impairment
0.040 is half the legal drunk driving limit in most
states. The same studies show that some individuals
are impaired at alcohol levels as low as 0.020.
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Alcohol and Safety
Our company is concerned about your well being and
safety as well as those individuals that you may come in
contact with.
If you are in a safety-sensitive position, you could be
jeopardizing safety even with a small amount of
alcohol in your system.
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Zero Tolerance for Alcohol
This is why we have implemented “zero tolerance”
policies not just for drugs, but for alcohol as well.
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Alcohol in the Body
Alcohol testing can accurately
determine the amount of alcohol
in your system at the time of the
test
Results are usually immediate.
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Consequences
If you test positive for alcohol, you will be removed you
from your job duties.
The severity of the consequences is clearly outlined in
our company policy.
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ALCOHOLICS
Over 13 million people in the United States abuse
alcohol, or are “alcoholic”.
Alcohol abusers include every gender, race, and
nationality.
Young adults ages 18-29 have the greatest alcohol
problems.
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Costs of Misusing Alcohol
Alcohol abuse costs society $250 billion per year in
healthcare, public safety and social expenses.
Alcohol can cost you your
Job, your
Family, or your
Life.
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Alcohol-Related Injuries
Approximately one-third of Unintentional Injuries
including
Motor vehicle crashes
Falls
Drownings
Burns and
Unintended Gunshot Wounds are alcohol related.
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Preventable Injuries
Preventable incidents claim close to 100,000 lives
each year.
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Alcoholism
Alcoholism is known as “alcohol dependence” and
includes four main symptoms:
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Alcohol Dependence Symptoms
Craving: A strong desire, or urge, to drink.
Loss of control: An inability to stop drinking once
drinking has begun.
Physical dependence: Withdrawal symptoms including
nausea, sweating, the shakes, anxiety.
Tolerance: The need to drink more alcohol to get the
same effect, or high.
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Is Alcohol harmful to my health?
Alcoholism is a disease.
The craving for alcohol can be as strong as the
need for food or water.
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Can an Alcoholic stop drinking?
An alcoholic cannot stop drinking despite
serious health, family, work, or legal
problems.
The risk for developing alcoholism runs
in families.
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Factors leading to Alcoholism
However, the friends you hang out with, the amount of
stress in your life, and the availability of alcohol are all
factors that can increase your chances of becoming an
alcoholic.
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Knowledge of Alcohol Risks
Knowing you may be at risk can help you to protect yourself
from developing a problem.
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Does treatment for
alcoholism work?
Even when an alcoholic does not drink for long periods of
time, they are still prone to relapses.
Alcoholism cannot be cured, but it can be treated.
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What can the Alcoholic do?
In order to avoid a relapse, an alcoholic must abstain from
all alcoholic beverages.
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Do Alcoholics Need Help?
Most alcoholics need help to control their disease.
The longer a person abstains from drinking alcohol, the
more likely they are to stay sober.
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What are the long term
effects of alcoholism?
Brain, heart or liver damage
Heart failure
Stroke,
High blood pressure
Liver cirrhosis and
Death.
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Are all alcohol users alcoholics?
You can be an alcohol abuser without being an
alcoholic.
Alcohol abuse can be just as harmful as alcoholism.
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Alcohol-Related Problems
Alcohol abuse problems
include not being able to
work, go to school, and
take care of family
responsibilities due to
drinking.
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Alcohol Incidents
Alcohol abuse can lead to drunk driving, car crashes,
and criminal activity.
Some medical conditions are drinking-related.
Sometimes social or moderate drinking can be
dangerous.
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Do Not Drink And…
Do not drink if you are going to:
Drive a car
Operate heavy equipment or machinery
Perform a safety-sensitive duty
Become pregnant (or if you are pregnant)
Take medications
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What do you consider
“one” drink?
One drink is equal to:
One 12-ounce bottle of beer or wine cooler
One 5-ounce glass of wine
One shot of 80-proof liquor
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What will my alcohol level be after a few
drinks?
The average 175-pound male tested for alcohol will be 0.040 after
only 2-3 drinks consumed in one hour.
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What are the signs of an alcohol problem?
Ask yourself four basic questions to find out if you, a
loved one, or a co-worker has a drinking problem:
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Drinking Problem Assessment Question #1
Have you ever felt like you should cut down on drinking?
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Drinking Problem Assessment Question #2
Do you become annoyed when others criticize your
drinking?
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Drinking Problem Assessment Question #3
Do you feel bad or guilty about drinking?
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Drinking Problem Assessment Question #4
Have you ever had to drink first thing in the morning,
before going to work, or prior to a social event to calm your
nerves or get rid of a hangover?
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Did you answer “Yes”?
Only one “Yes” answer to any of the questions above suggests a
possible problem with alcohol.
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Seek Help
If you, or someone you know, has a drinking
problem, the best thing to do is seek help right
away.
Speak to your regional Human Resource
professional for more information about how to get
help.
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How can I help someone
who may be an alcoholic?
Stop covering up for the
alcoholic.
Don’t make excuses for
them, or try to protect
them.
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Helping an Alcoholic
Let them experience the consequences of their
drinking.
Get advice about intervention.
Seek outside assistance.
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DRUGS OF ABUSE
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Drugs Tested For
These drugs are sometimes referred to as the”DOT-5”
drugs because DOT mandates that workers in DOT-covered
positions be tested for these drugs:
Marijuana
Cocaine
Opiates (Heroin, Codeine and Morphine)
Amphetamines
Phencyclidine or “PCP”
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MARIJUANA
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MARIJUANA
As you probably know, marijuana is the most commonly
abused illegal drug, and is widely available.
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Marijuana Use
Marijuana is used by over 9.5 million Americans.
Ten percent of the American workforce admits to current
marijuana use.
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Who Abuses Marijuana?
Marijuana users span all ages.
Males and females are equally
likely to use marijuana.
Marijuana is used by all racial
and ethnic groups.
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Names for Marijuana
Marijuana is commonly referred to as
Pot
Dope
Grass
Reefer
Mary Jane
Weed and other slang names.
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Marijuana Potency
The type of marijuana used today is much more potent
than the marijuana of the 60’s and 70’s.
The most potent form of marijuana is “hashish”.
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What does Marijuana look like?
Marijuana is easily recognizable.
It is a green plant with an odd number of
leaves per stem.
When dried, marijuana is greenish or brown in
color, chopped, and kept in baggies. It
resembles oregano.
Sometimes marijuana seeds are baked in
food or chewed.
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What are some types of Marijuana
paraphernalia?
Drug paraphernalia includes
Rolling papers
Roach clips
Glass or plastic smoking bongs, and
Pipes.
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How is Marijuana used?
Marijuana is most often smoked like cigarettes or cigars,
called
“joints” or “blunts”, or in a
pipe or “bong.”
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Is Marijuana harmful to my health?
Marijuana use will impair your ability to perform motor
tasks and will slow your reaction times.
Your sense of time and motion will be effected.
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What are the effects of Marijuana?
Marijuana will give you a lazy feeling and curb your
motivation to work.
It will give you food cravings.
Marijuana will cause blood shot eyes.
Marijuana gives off a distinct smell of smoke that is
different from cigarette smoke.
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Observable Signs of Marijuana
Our supervisory and management staff have been
trained to recognize these signs and symptoms.
If you, or a co-worker are observed by a trained
supervisor exhibiting these signs and symptoms, you will
be taken for a reasonable suspicion drug test.
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Marijuana and Drug Testing
Marijuana can be detected in a urine drug test for up to
30 days, and in hair for up to 90 days.
Very recent use can be detected in saliva.
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Can Marijuana use cause any long term
affects?
Yes.
Frequent marijuana use can result in lung and
pulmonary disease.
Marijuana smoke is twice as bad as nicotine on the
lungs.
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Marijuana Effects
It can cause you to suffer from
chronic fatigue,
fertility problems,
paranoia, and
psychosis.
You can become addicted to marijuana, and develop a
desire to abuse other illegal drugs.
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COCAINE
and
CRACK COCAINE
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COCAINE and CRACK
Over 1.5 million Americans use cocaine and 65% of
them are employed in the U.S. workforce.
Cocaine users are masters of cover-up and
denial.
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Do Cocaine Abusers Use at Work?
According to the National Cocaine Hotline, 75% say
they use cocaine on the job.
It’s no wonder your employer is concerned about
drugs in the workplace.
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Cocaine Abuse at Work
Cocaine abusers admit cocaine adversely affects
their job performance.
44% admit to selling cocaine to their co-workers,
and many admit to stealing from co-workers to
support their habit.
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Financial Problems
Cocaine is very expensive, so abusers often experience
serious financial consequences.
A cocaine abuser will often ask others for money.
Cocaine abuse is a problem for both white collar and
blue collar workers.
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What does Cocaine look
like and how is it used?
White powder cocaine is the most commonly abused
form of cocaine.
It is often snorted into the nose through a small straw,
or rubbed onto the gums or under the tongue.
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How does Crack Cocaine differ from powder
Cocaine?
Crack cocaine looks like small rocks or chips, and is
heated in a pipe, or in a bong, or on a spoon.
The smoke from the liquefied crack is then inhaled.
This is called “freebasing.”
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How is liquid Crack used?
Liquid crack can be injected into the veins by a
needle.
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Is Cocaine harmful to my health?
Cocaine is a highly addictive stimulant.
When cocaine is snorted, or when crack is injected,
smoked, or inhaled, its effects on the body are nearly
immediate.
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Do cocaine abusers use often?
Because the effects of cocaine and crack wear off very
quickly, cocaine abusers will use over and over again to
sustain the high.
Repeated and consecutive cocaine use is very common,
and very dangerous.
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What are some of the
signs of Cocaine abuse?
Cocaine will cause
dilated pupils,
nosebleeds,
excitability, and
obvious mood swings.
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What else can cocaine cause?
Cocaine abuse can cause
insomnia,
paranoia,
hallucinations, and a
loss of appetite.
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Are there other health problems
after cocaine abuse?
Cocaine will also cause
fast breathing,
hyperventilation, an
increased pulse rate,
high blood pressure, and
fever.
Addiction and depression are common after only a few
uses.
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Cocaine and Drug Testing
Cocaine can be detected in a urine drug test for several
days, and in hair for up to 90 days.
Recent cocaine use can be detected in saliva.
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Can Cocaine abuse cause any long term
affects?
Yes! Serious medical problems include
heart attack,
high blood pressure,
hallucinations,
convulsions,
addiction,
psychological dependence, and
death.
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AMPHETAMINES
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AMPHETAMINES
Amphetamines are typically known as “uppers”.
The amphetamine drug class includes both
amphetamines and
methamphetamine.
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What is Amphetamine?
Amphetamine is a legally prescribed medicines that are
illegally abused
Amphetamine is highly addictive and has been the
cause of many high profile overdoses and deaths.
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What are the street names
for Amphetamine?
Street names for amphetamine include
“speed,
uppers,
bennies, and
black beauties”.
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Which prescriptions
medicines contain Amphetamine?
Diet pills often contain some form of amphetamine.
Some prescription names include
Ritalin,
Dexedrine,
Preludin, and
Biphetamine.
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What are the side effects
of Amphetamine abuse?
Abusers often experience withdrawal and “crashing”.
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How is amphetamine used?
Amphetamine is usually taken by mouth in pill or
capsule form.
The pills come in all shapes and sizes.
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Is Amphetamine harmful
to my health?
Amphetamines are highly addictive stimulants.
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How is Amphetamine abused?
Amphetamine use may legitimately begin with a legal
prescription.
But after the user builds up a tolerance for the drug,
more is needed to obtain the same effect.
Frequent use can lead to abuse and addiction.
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What are some of the side effects of
Amphetamines?
Common side effects of amphetamines include
rapid weight loss,
irritability and
hyperactivity.
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What is Methamphetamine?
Methamphetamine is growing in popularity in America
and usually manufactured in clandestine “meth labs”.
You’ve probably read about “meth lab” drug busts in
your local newspaper.
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What are the street names
for Methamphetamine?
Methamphetamine is referred to as
“meth,
crank,
crystal, or
ice”.
“Ice” is a nearly 100 percent pure form of
methamphetamine.
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What does Methamphetamine look
like and how is it used?
Methamphetamine, on the other hand, is typically in
powder or crystal form, and is heated, then smoked or
injected by hypodermic needle.
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Is Methamphetamine potent?
Methamphetamine is so potent that users often
become addicted after trying the drug just a few
times.
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What are some of the signs
of Methamphetamine use?
Other signs include
high blood pressure,
dilated pupils,
insomnia,
mood swings,
migraine headaches,
excitation, hallucinations,
paranoia and
convulsions.
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Amphetamines and Drug Testing
Amphetamines can be detected in a urine drug test for
several days, and in hair for up to 90 days.
Recent use can be detected in saliva.
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Can Amphetamines cause any long term
effects?
Yes! Long term effects include
memory loss,
paranoia,
depression and
hallucinations.
Methamphetamine can cause violent episodes.
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Are there other long term effects?
Abusers may experience
withdrawal and “crashing”,
heart attack,
stroke,
brain damage, or
death from overdose.
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OPIATES
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OPIATES
Opiates are narcotics and are abused both in their legally
prescribed forms of
Morphine and Codeine,
and in the illegal form, Heroin.
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What form of opiate abuse
is most common?
Ninety percent of opiate abusers use heroin. Over 2.5
million Americans have admitted to using heroin at some
point in their lifetime.
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What are the risks of
abusing heroin?
The abuse of heroin is increasing.
Due to severe mind-altering effects, opiate abuse
accounts for many emergency room incidents each year.
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Are there medical uses for Opiates?
Morphine and Codeine are prescribed for
extreme pain relief and found in medications such
as Tylenol with codeine, Robitussin, and other
prescription meds.
On the other hand, there are no medical uses for
heroin in the U.S.
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What are the common
names for Heroin?
Heroin is referred to as
“H”,
“smack,
dope, and
junk”.
White heroin and black tar
heroin are the most
common types.
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How is Heroin abused?
Heroin is often injected.
Needle sharing and AIDS-related diseases are common
among heroin abusers.
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Can Heroin be snorted?
Heroin can also be snorted.
Some abusers are misled by believing that snorting
heroin is less dangerous and will not cause overdose.
These claims are false.
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What is “Speedballing”
Cocaine and heroin mixed together are called
“speedballs”.
This combination is extremely dangerous.
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Are Opiates harmful to my health?
Opiates are highly addictive drugs
classified as depressants.
Opiates cause constricted, or pinpoint
pupils.
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How does Opiate abuse
affect Safety?
Opiate abusers lose a sense of their surroundings.
Motor skills are greatly impaired and poor judgment
ensues, so driving or performing any type of safetysensitive job should be out of the question.
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What are the effects of Opiates on the body?
Opiates
slow down the heart rate,
decrease blood pressure, and cause
slowed breathing.
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Other Opiate Effects
Opiate abusers can easily become depressed, and have
a high tolerance to pain.
They may ignore their own serious injuries.
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Can Opiate abuse cause accidents?
Euphoria, dizziness, and muscle relaxation and slowed
reaction times can cause workplace accidents.
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Opiates and Drug Testing
Opiates can be detected in a urine drug test for several
days, and in hair for up to 90 days.
Recent use can be detected in saliva.
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Can Opiate abuse cause
any long term effects?
Absolutely!
Long term abuse will cause an increased tolerance for
the drug and addiction.
Long term health problems include
AIDS,
hepatitis,
brain damage and ultimately
death.
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PHENCYCLIDINE
“PCP”
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PHENCYCLIDINE – PCP
Phencyclidine is a horse tranquilizer called “PCP”.
It is the least frequently abused of the “DOT-5” drugs.
PCP use is more common in some areas of the U.S. than
others.
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What is PCP?
PCP is a hallucinogen known as “angel dust or
crystal”.
It is a mood altering drug and a central nervous
system stimulant.
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Is PCP a prescribed drug?
Phencyclidine is a man-made drug.
There are no legitimate medical uses for PCP.
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How is PCP used?
PCP can be found in liquid, crystalline, or powder
form.
It is most commonly used by placing drops onto tobacco
or marijuana cigarettes. PCP can also be snorted, taken
orally, or injected by hypodermic needle.
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What are the effects of PCP?
Due to the extreme mood swings associated with PCP
abuse, users can cause serious harm to their family
members, co-workers, and to themselves.
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Are there other effects of PCP?
PCP users often exhibit violent
behavior.
They have erratic concentration
problems that interfere with mood,
memory, and logical thinking.
PCP abusers will make serious errors
in judgment.
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Is PCP harmful to my health?
Due to PCP’s anesthetic, pain relieving effects,
accidents are a serious risk for the PCP abuser.
An individual abusing PCP can sustain a severe injury
and not even realize it.
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What are the signs of
PCP abuse?
PCP abuse can resemble a drunken state.
The abuser may stagger, be apathetic, have slurred
speech, and exhibit bizarre behavior.
The abuser may also be observed doing repetitive
motions, excessively salivating, or experiencing
muscle rigidity.
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PCP and Safety
Serious safety risks are due to impairment of
coordination, and hallucinations and/or bizarre thinking.
All of these signs and symptoms present a problem in the
workplace.
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PCP and Drug Testing
PCP can be detected in a urine drug test for several
days, and in hair for up to 90 days.
Recent use can be detected in saliva.
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Can PCP abuse cause
any long term affects?
Of course! PCP’s long term effects can include memory
loss, speech impairment, drastic personality changes,
social withdrawal, aggression, convulsions,
psychosis, violent behavior, and even flashbacks.
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Ecstasy (MDMA)
Ecstacy (3,4 methylenedioxymethamphetamine), is
a synthetic, psychoactive drug that is chemically
similar to the stimulant methamphetamine and the
hallucinogen mescaline. MDMA causes an increase in
serotonin which plays an important role in the
regulation of mood, sleep, pain, appetite, and other
behaviors.
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Ecstasy (MDMA)
Ecstasy users make extremely dangerous drivers. They can exhibit the same
impairments as amphetamine, heroin, cocaine, and hallucinogen users. Some ways
driving ability is affected by ecstasy use include:
Slowed thinking and reflexes- making reacting difficult
Distorted visual and depth perception
Difficulty making complex decisions
Lengthened glare recovery time
Overly confident in driving skills and judgment
Lapses in attention and concentration - driver is unable to display continuous
attention
Distorted vision
Auditory and visual hallucinations
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Prescription or Over-the-Counter Medication
Under Company policy, the appropriate use of legally prescribed
drugs and non-prescription medications is not prohibited.
However, employees must notify their manager and may not perform
any safety-sensitive function if their medication carries a warning
label that mental functioning, motor skills or judgment may be
adversely affected, unless the medication is being used in accordance
with the instructions of a physician who has provided a written
determination that the substance will not adversely affect the
employee’s ability to safely perform safety-sensitive duties.
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CONCLUSION
Our company’s #1 value is the commitment to safety.
We will not compromise this value!
Safety is Everyone’s #1 Responsibility.
THANK YOU for your attention during the Drug & Alcohol
Employee Awareness Training Course and for your
continued commitment to our company and to our clients
and the passengers we serve.
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