Names for Words
The Parts of Speech
Names for Words: Parts of Speech
No matter what, words must be put together
That makes a sentence
Nothing is possible without sentences
Sentence Structure
All sentences must start with a capital letter
All sentences must end with a punctuation
A sentence is not a part of speech; it just the
thing that contains the Part of speech
8 Main Parts Of Speech
Nouns
Verbs
Adjective
Adverbs
Preposition
Conjunctions
Pronouns
interjections
Conjunctions
Join Things
Conjunctions
Conjunctions are connecting words
Example:
And adds things together in the sentence
“I like baseball and soccer.”
Or also joins, but makes an option
“What do you like best, dogs or cats?”
Or can also pose a question.
Using And/Or
Sentence 1: “I am going to play.”
Sentence 2: “I am going to study.”
Using And to join:
“I am going to play, and I’m going to study.”
Using Or to join:
“ I am going to play, or I’m going to study.”
Using a Comma
Before every joining word, a comma (,)
must be used
Example:
“I like soup, and I like sandwiches.”
You also must check that a and/or can be
used by taking out the , and/, or and
replacing it with a period.
Different Conjunctions
Conjunctions aren’t only and/or, they are:
So, because, but, then, after,also just a (,), etc.
More examples
No one came to save him, so he went off to
explore.
Alice smiled, and then turned to her rabbit
Adjectives
Words that describe
Adjectives
Words that describe
Are used to describe nouns
Used to say:
How something feels, tastes, looks, or
sounds
Things that we describe
You
Sky
School
Bird
Etc.
Words to Describe
Green – Any Color
Stormy
Loud
Five – Any Number
Putting it all together
Yellow Chickens
Purple sweater
Cloudy Sky
Stinky Cigarette
Using more than one adjective
In some cases, 2 adjectives may be used to
describe
Examples
“The car was boxy, and green.”
“ The thin, gray paper airplane was
indestructible.”
Adjectives
Pick some adjectives for:
Nouns
Pronouns and Proper Nouns
Pronouns
Take the place of nouns
Save time and energy
Pronouns are words such as it, he , she,
they, etc.
**They refer to the previous noun
Examples of Pronouns
“Joe, won a new car, and he jumped with joy.”
Joe
Proper Nouns
Something's OWN name
Include names, nicknames, pets names,
places names, city names, etc.
Proper Nouns also define
All proper nouns start with Capitals
Examples:
Joe vs. Person
Jamestown vs. the city
Articles
A, An, The
Articles
Always go before a noun
“The Rules”
A always presents a consonant
An always presents a vowel
The always presents a singular
The Two Parts of a
Sentence
Putting Things Together
2 Parts Of a Sentence
Sentences are the building blocks of our
language
The 2 Main Parts are:
Subjects
Predicates
The Subject
Is the Noun of the sentence, The sentence is
also based upon the Noun
In, “The beautiful ballerina leaped into the air
like a deer.” Ballerina is the subject
In, “The Seminole Indians traveled over the
water in the dugout canals.”
The quickest way to find the subject is to
read the sentence carefully
The subject can be singular or plural and 1
or 2 words
The Predicate
The predicate names the verb in the
sentence that tells what is happening
In, “The beautiful ballerina leaped into the air
like a deer.” leaped is the predicate
In, “ The Seminole Indians traveled over
water in the dugout canals.” the predicate is
traveled.”
The easiest way to find the predicate is to
find what the subject is doing.
Helping Verbs
The action
Helping Verbs
The Helping Verb shows us weather the
verb is past, present, or future. These are all
considered “tenses”
The “tense” table
Present
Past
Future
Am
Was
Will
Did
Had
Am/Are going
to
Getting Words to Agree
Singular and Plurals
Getting Words to Agree
All plural subjects end with the letter “s”
Verbs in sentences with he and they do not
always indicate a plural.
**Remember
He Goes
They Go
Matching Plural Verbs
When you have a plural subject such as,
“five boys” you must give them a plural
verb such as, “run”
Verbs with <1 Part
Must agree in “Tense”
If the 1st part is talking about the past the 2nd
part must do the same
If this rule is not followed, it will create a
time warp in the middle.
Three Types of Sentences
Main Sentences
The 3 Main Types Of Sentences
Almost everything we say is said in
sentences.
There are interrogative, declarative, and
imperative sentences
Declarative Sentences
Are the most common type of sentence.
Are punctuated with a period.
Are used to tell our thoughts, and what we
see.
Can be simple or complex.
“I have a dream . . .” as MLK Jr. once said.
“I saw a bird as beautiful as the summer sky
as it rises above the horizon.”
Interrogative Sentences
ALWAYS has a (?) question mark.
If you ask enough of them they become
self-explanatory.
“Do stars burn out ?”
“Why are my eyes colored ?”
“Why is global warming such a problem ?”
Imperative Sentences
May need more than 1 or 2 words.
Used to give orders and make requests.
Always ends in a (!) exclamation point if used to
make requests.
Always ends in (.) a period to give orders.
“Stop!”
“Hug Me.”
** In many sentences YOU is not spoken but is
understood.
Types of Literature
Learning Books
Biography
A True story about a persons life
Are very interesting stories
Are NOT by the person they are about
Are written using second hand accounts
SECOND-HAND ACCOUNTS –writings
that are left behind, diaries, newspapers, and
letters, etc.
Autobiography
Are books written by the person they are
about
Auto- means self (ex. Automobile is self
driven. Autopilot is a plane that flies by
itself)
Most are written in Prose, but can be
written in poems, plays, or songs
Fiction
Are make-believe, or fairytales such as
Alice in Wonderland, or Pollyanna
Not everything has to be made-up, can have
true parts with a twist, or true facts in a
made-up story. Ex. You could have a story
about traveling through space, that is not
true. But, the moon, gravity force, wind,
stars, yourself, a spaceshutle, etc.
Non-Fiction
Is ALL true
Ex. Biographies, and autobiographies,
newspaper articles, and school reports, and
history
IE. A report on the 1989 earthquake in San
Francisco
Sayings and Phrases
Idioms and Metaphors
What Is A Phrase ?
Main Entry:1phrase
Pronunciation:*fr*z
Function:noun
Etymology:Latin phrasis, from Greek, from phrazein to point out, explain, tell
Date:15301 :
a characteristic manner or style of expression :
DICTION2 a : a brief expression; especially :
CATCHPHRASE b :
WORD3 : a short musical thought typically two to four measures long closing
with a cadence4 : a word or group of words forming a syntactic constituent
with a single grammatical function *an adverbial phrase*5 : a series of dance
movements comprising a section of a pattern
“Actions Speak Louder Than
Words”
Means, some people don’t mean what they say. It
is often obvious what is meant.
“Dad says he hates cats – even Juju,” Stewart said.
“But,” Tracy said, “last night, I saw Dad kiss the
top of his head.
“Well,” Stewart said, “I think he really loves Juju,
well, actions speak louder than words.”
“Beggars, Can’t Be Choosers”
This phrase means if you are needy, don’t be picky
even if it isn’t exactly what you want or need.
“I didn’t have time to eat,” Jane said, “and I’m
starving! But the only thing left in the cafeteria is
yesterdays spinach salad.”
“Beggars can’t be choosers, Jane,” Nicky said,
“looks like you’ll actually have to eat something
healthy for a change.”
Let Bygones Be Bygones
This means that people should forget about bad
feelings towards each other.
“I can’t belive you won’t help me with this science
experiment! It means a lot, I’m failing,” Tyron
said screaming,”Why won’t you help.”
“Come on, Tyron,” Janine said,”I’ll help you study.
There is no sense in being mad. Just Let bygones
be bygones.”
Look Before You Leap
Talks about risks we take in life. It means that we
should think before acting.
“Mom, Andrew asked me if I want to take over his
paper route. Isn’t that a great idea ? Then I could
by that new trumpet.”
“I don’t know,” mother said, “ you have music
lessons every day after school. Do you really have
time. You should Look before you leap.”
One Rotten Apple Spoils The
Whole Barrel
Today , you are going to use your text
books and do partner notes.
Turn to page 63, it is at the bottom of pg. 63
and pg. 64
A Place for Everything and
Everything in its Place
Today , you are going to use your text
books and do partner notes.
Turn to pg. 64
You must have a different partner
The Show Must Go On
Means no matter what happens the project
must keep going.
“I can’t play goalie this weekend,” Lisa said, “
I have a sprained ankle.”
“Its okay,” said the coach, “ the show must go
on.”
His Bark Is Worse Than His Bite
Means someone looks or acts a lot differently than
who they really are.
“Mr. Crackles is such a grouch,” Meg said.
“Yeah,” said Mickey, “ they shouldn’t call him
principal, they should call him ‘prince-paddle’.”
“You are so foolish you 2,” Missy explained, “you
know he wouldn’t paddle anyone. He might get
mad easy but he’s really a nice man. His bark is
worse that his bite.”
Beat Around The Bush
Today , you are going to use your text
books and do partner notes.
Turn to page 65, You must work with
someone you haven't yet worked with.
Clean Bill Of Health
Today , you are going to use your text
books and do partner notes.
Turn to page 65
On His Last Legs
Means something is about to die or break
for good.
Your job now is to write a role play for this
phrase.
The best one will become part of this
presentation.
The End
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