BIOLOGY FINAL
REVIEW
•What type of
biomolecule are
enzymes?
–Protein
•What is the basic
building block of
proteins?
–Amino acids
•An atom’s second
energy level holds
___ electrons.
–Eight
•The basic unit of life
is the ____.
–Cell
•What type of bonds
are found in
unsaturated lipids?
–Double bonds
• Cells that contain a
nucleus are classified
as _______.
–Eukaryotes
• The information
gathered during the
experiment is called
______.
–Data
•The passing on of
traits from parents
to offspring is called
_____.
–Heredity
• Cells containing two
alleles for each trait
are described as ___
cells.
–Diploid
•The female gamete is
called a(n) ____ cell.
–Egg
•_____ is the
organelle that is gellike and holds the
other organelles
–Cytoplasm
•Which type of cell has
ONLY a cell
membrane?
–Animal
•Cells that only
contain ONE allele
for each trait are
called ____ cells.
–Haploid
• A structured
procedure for
collecting information
to test a hypothesis is
called the ______.
–Experiment
•The part of the
experiment in which
all conditions are
kept the same is
called the ___.
–Control
•What is the function
of chlorophyll?
–Absorption of
sunlight
•The sequence of
growth & division of
a cell is called the
___.
–Cell Cycle
•In aerobic
respiration, the final
electron acceptor in
the ETC is _____.
–Oxygen
•Energy is released
from ATP when the
bond is broken
between…
–Two phosphate
groups
•What is the longest
phase of the cell
cycle?
–Interphase
•The pairing of ____
in DNA is the key to
insuring the code.
–Nitrogen bases
•A DNA nucleotide is
made up of a
phosphate, nitrogen
base and….
–Deoxyribose sugar
• ______ structures show
similarities between
organisms. For example,
birds & mammals that
share similar bone
structures
–Homologous structures
•Where in the cell
does translation take
place?
–Ribosomes
•What organelle is
responsible for
storage?
–Vacuole
•Write an example of a
heterozygous
genotype.
(using the letter B)
–Bb
•What type of
inheritance shows a
blending of the trait?
–Incomplete dominance
•What type of
inheritance
expresses both
traits EQUALLY?
–Codominance
•What type of
inheritance pattern
controls blood types?
–Multiple alleles
•Sex-linked traits are
usually carried on the
__ chromosome.
–X chromosome
•What process
creates gametes?
–Meiosis
•____ is the
replacement of a
defective gene with a
normal gene
–Gene therapy
• A ____ is a tool that
charts chromosomes
according to size,
banding & centromere
location
–Karyotype
•The entire collection
of genes within the
human race is called
the _______.
–Human genome
•____ is used to
transfer DNA from
one organism to
another
–Vector
•____ is the father
of binomial
nomenclature
–Carolus Linnaeus
•____ is the science
of grouping & naming
organisms
–Taxonomy
•What human genetic
disorder is caused by
having only one X sex
chromosome?
–Turner syndrome
•___ is a tool used to
compare DNA
fragments
–DNA fingerprinting
•What genetic
disorder results in
the person having
Trisomy 21?
–Down Syndrome
•____ are organisms
that contains
functional
recombinant DNA
–Transgenic
organism
• What is an example of an
ABIOTIC factor?
–Soil quality
–Water quality
–Temperature
–Amount of sunlight
–Amount of rainfall
•What is an example
of parasitism?
–Deer & tick
–Human & tapeworm
–Flea & dog
•_____ is the
manipulation of DNA
–Biotechnology
•What is the function
of the ribosome?
–Make proteins
•Plant cells make their
food in this
organelle..
–Chloroplast
•What are the
products of
photosynthesis?
–Glucose & oxygen
•What is the total
number of ATP
molecules made
during glycolysis?
–Two
•Which type of
organism is found at
the base (start) of
all food chains?
–producer
•A flood would be an
example of _____
succession.
–Secondary
•Which scientist
described evolution
by using the theory
of natural selection?
–Darwin
•Where would you
find the most fertile
farmland?
–Grasslands
• Restriction enzymes
cut DNA strands,
leaving _____ to help
join the DNA with
another DNA strand.
–Sticky ends
•What do the arrows
represent in a food
web?
–Energy flow
• A device used by
geneticists for
predicting the possible
offspring of 2
individuals is a(n) ____
–Punnett square
•How many X
chromosomes does a
normal female have?
–Two
•On a pedigree a half
shaded circle
represents…..
–A carrier
•Hemophilia & redgreen colorblindness
are inherited by….
–Sex-linked trait
•How many PAIRS of
chromosomes are in a
normal human body
cell?
–23 pairs
•How many mature
egg cells are
produced during
meiosis?
–4 (four)
•During cytokinesis, a
plant cells forms a
____ between the
cells.
–Cell plate
•What are the 3 parts
of a nucleotide?
–Sugar, phosphate
& base
•When does DNA
replication occur?
–Interphase
•The first step of
cellular respiration is
___.
–Glycolysis
•Fermentation occurs
when there is no ___
present.
–Oxygen
•In addition to alcohol,
fermentation also
produces _____
–Carbon dioxide
•_____ are found in
both plants & animals
but in different
sizes.
–Vacuoles
•Osmosis does not
occur in a(n) ___
solution.
–Isotonic
•If a cell is placed in
salt water, water
leaves the cell by
___.
–osmosis
•How many electrons
can be held by an
atom in the first
energy level?
–Two(2)
•Which organic
compound contains H,
C & O in a 1:2:1 ratio?
–carbohydrate
•Which organic
molecules provides
long-term energy &
insulation?
–lipid
•Living things change
during their lives
through ____.
–Adaptations
•Scientific
explanation of know
facts arrived at
through repeated
testing is a ____.
–theory
• Please….please study
for this final & Good
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