BIOLOGY FINAL
REVIEW
•What type of
biomolecule are
enzymes?
–Protein
•What is the basic
building block of
proteins?
–Amino acids
•An atom’s second
energy level holds ___
electrons.
–Eight
•The basic unit of life is
the ____.
–Cell
•What type of bonds are
found in unsaturated
lipids?
–Double bonds
•Cells that contain a
nucleus are classified as
_______.
–Eukaryotes
•The information
gathered during the
experiment is called
______.
–Data
•The passing on of traits
from parents to
offspring is called _____.
–Heredity
•Cells containing two
alleles for each trait are
described as ___ cells.
–Diploid
•The female gamete is
called a(n) ____ cell.
–Egg
•_____ is the organelle
that is gel-like and holds
the other organelles
–Cytoplasm
•Which type of cell has
ONLY a cell membrane?
–Animal
•Cells that only contain
ONE allele for each trait
are called ____ cells.
–Haploid
•A structured procedure for
collecting information to
test a hypothesis is called
the ______.
–Experiment
•The part of the experiment
in which all conditions are
kept the same is called the
___.
–Control
•What is the function of
chlorophyll?
–Absorption of sunlight
•The sequence of growth
& division of a cell is
called the ___.
–Cell Cycle
•In aerobic respiration,
the final electron
acceptor in the ETC is
_____.
–Oxygen
•Energy is released from
ATP when the bond is
broken between…
–Two phosphate groups
•What is the longest
phase of the cell cycle?
–Interphase
•The pairing of ____ in
DNA is the key to
insuring the code.
–Nitrogen bases
•A DNA nucleotide is
made up of a phosphate,
nitrogen base and….
–Deoxyribose sugar
•______ structures show
similarities between organisms.
For example, birds & mammals
that share similar bone
structures
–Homologous structures
•Where in the cell does
translation take place?
–Ribosomes
•What organelle is
responsible for storage?
–Vacuole
•Write an example of a
heterozygous genotype.
(using the letter B)
–Bb
•What type of inheritance
shows a blending of the
trait?
–Incomplete dominance
•What type of inheritance
expresses both traits
EQUALLY?
–Codominance
•What type of inheritance
pattern controls blood
types?
–Multiple alleles
•Sex-linked traits are
usually carried on the __
chromosome.
–X chromosome
•What process creates
gametes?
–Meiosis
•____ is the replacement
of a defective gene with
a normal gene
–Gene therapy
•A ____ is a tool that charts
chromosomes according
to size, banding &
centromere location
–Karyotype
•The entire collection of
genes within the human
race is called the
_______.
–Human genome
•____ is used to transfer
DNA from one organism
to another
–Vector
•____ is the father of
binomial nomenclature
–Carolus Linnaeus
•____ is the science of
grouping & naming
organisms
–Taxonomy
•What human genetic
disorder is caused by
having only one X sex
chromosome?
–Turner syndrome
•___ is a tool used to
compare DNA
fragments
–DNA fingerprinting
•What genetic disorder
results in the person
having Trisomy 21?
–Down Syndrome
•____ are organisms that
contains functional
recombinant DNA
–Transgenic organism
•What is an example of an
ABIOTIC factor?
–Soil quality
–Water quality
–Temperature
–Amount of sunlight
–Amount of rainfall
•What is an example of
parasitism?
–Deer & tick
–Human & tapeworm
–Flea & dog
•_____ is the
manipulation of DNA
–Biotechnology
•What is the function of
the ribosome?
–Make proteins
•Plant cells make their
food in this organelle..
–Chloroplast
•What are the products
of photosynthesis?
–Glucose & oxygen
•The total number of ATP
molecules made in
glycolysis?
–Two
•Which type of consumer
is found at the base
(start) of all food chains?
–producer
•A flood would be an
example of _____
succession.
–Secondary
•Which scientist
described evolution by
using the theory of
natural selection?
–Darwin
•Where would you find
the most fertile
farmland?
–Grasslands
•Restriction enzymes cut
DNA strands, leaving
_____ to help join the DNA
with another DNA strand.
–Sticky ends
•What do the arrows
represent in a food web?
–Energy flow
•A device used by
geneticists for predicting
the possible offspring of 2
individuals is a(n) ____
–Punnett square
•How many X
chromosomes does a
normal female have?
–Two
•On a pedigree a half
shaded circle
represents…..
–A carrier
•Hemophilia & red-green
colorblindness are
inherited by….
–Sex-linked trait
•How many PAIRS of
chromosomes are in a
normal human body
cell?
–23 pairs
•How many mature egg
cells are produced
during meiosis?
–4 (four)
•During cytokinesis, a
plant cells forms a ____
between the cells.
–Cell plate
•What are the 3 parts of a
nucleotide?
–Sugar, phosphate &
base
•When does DNA
replication occur?
–Interphase
•The first step of cellular
respiration is ___.
–Glycolysis
•Fermentation occurs
when there is no ___
present.
–Oxygen
•In addition to alcohol,
fermentation also
produces _____
–Carbon dioxide
•_____ are found in both
plants & animals but in
different sizes.
–Vacuoles
•Osmosis does not occur
in a(n) ___ solution.
–Isotonic
•If a cell is placed in salt
water, water leaves the
cell by ___.
–osmosis
•How many electrons
can be held by an atom
in the first energy level?
–Two(2)
•The following organic
compound contains H, C
& O in a 1:2:1 ratio…
–carbohydrate
•Which organic
molecules provides
long-term energy &
insulation?
–lipid
•Living things change
during their lives
through ____.
–Adaptations
•Scientific explanation of
know facts arrived at
through repeated testing
is a ____.
–theory
•Please….please study for
this final & Good Luck!!
•Study your REVIEW
PACKET!!!