Data and Knowledge Management

Announcements
• Today
• Chapter 5 – Data and Knowledge Mgmt
• Tuesday
• Access Tutorial
• Project 1
• Questions/comments

Digital Universe
Doubling in size every 2 years
Source: http://www.emc.com/leadership/digital-universe/2014iview/executive-summary.htm

Annual Flood of Data from…..
Credit card swipes
E-mails
Digital video
Online TV
RFID tags
Blogs
Digital video surveillance
Radiology scans
Source: Media Bakery
Industrial Revolution of Data => “Big Data”

Annual Flood of New Data!
In the zettabyte range
1 zettabyte
=
1,000,000,000,000,000
,000,000 bytes
“
Big Data” is getting bigger
Solutions to manage it
© Fanatic Studio/Age Fotostock America, Inc.

Big Data
Diverse, high-volume, high-velocity information assets that require new forms of processing o enable enhanced decision making.
Examples of Big Data
Managing Big Data

Difficulties in Managing Data
Source: Media Bakery

Solution: Governance
Data Governance => Set of Rules
Implementation Strategy:
Master Data Management

Master Data Management:
Types of Data
John Stevens registers for Introduction to Management
Information Systems ( ISMN 3140 ) from 10 AM until 11 AM on Mondays and Wednesdays in Room 41 Smith Hall , taught by Professor Rainer .
Transaction Data Master Data

The Database Approach
Database management system (DBMS)
Minimize the following problems:
1.
Data redundancy
2.
Data isolation
3.
Data inconsistency
Maximize the following:
1.
Data security
2.
Data integrity
3.
Data independence

Database Management Systems

How is data organized in a DB:
Data Hierarchy
Field
Is a grouping of
Record
Is a grouping of
File (or table)
Is a grouping of
Database

Data Hierarchy
(continued)
Example:
 Field
 Record

Data Hierarchy
(continued)
Example:
 Field
 Record

Designing the Database:
Data Model



 Entity

Instance
Attribute
Primary key
Secondary keys
Primary
Entity
Student
Student ID (pk)
Student Name
Student Address
Student Major
Secondary
Instance
Student
850000000 (pk)
John Doe
123 Anywhere St.
MIS

Data Model Technique:
Entity-Relationship Modeling
Database designers plan the database design in a process called entity-relationship (ER) modeling/diagrams.
ER diagrams consists of:
1)
2)
3)

Entity-relationship diagram model

Relationships Between Entities

Entity-relationship diagram model

Entity-relationship diagram: Exercise
Create a simple ER Diagram for a hospital.

Database Management Systems
Database management system (DBMS)
Focus of this course: Relational database model
 Related Tables (PK Important)
 Data dictionary
 How do you request data?
 Structured Query Language (SQL) - keywords
 Query by Example (QBE) – forms/templates
Microsoft Access

Student Database Example

Relational DB Effectiveness:
Normalization
Normalization (most streamlined DB)

Non-Normalized Database

Normalizing the Database (part A)

Normalizing the Database (part B)

Normalization Produces Order

Beyond Databases:
Data Warehousing
Data warehouses and Data Marts
Organized by business dimension or subject
Multidimensional
Historical
Use online analytical processing

Data Warehouse Framework & Views
Source
Systems
Data
Integration
Data
Storage Users

Benefits of Data Warehousing

Knowledge Management (KM)
 Knowledge
 aka. Intellectual Capital
 Knowledge management systems (KMSs)

Goal: Systematize, enhance and expedite

Examples
© Peter Eggermann/Age Fotostock America, Inc.

Challenges to Capturing Knowledge
© Ina Penning/Age Fotostock America, Inc.

Knowledge Management System Cycle

DB Impacting our lives
Facebook

DB Impacting our lives
NSA Utah Data Center
• internet searches (ie; here's a collection of searches by Federal
Government workers )
• websites visited
• emails sent and received
• social media activity (Facebook, Twitter, etc)
• blogging activity including posts read, written, and commented on View our patent
• videos watched and/or uploaded online
• photos viewed and/or uploaded online
• mobile phone GPS-location data
• mobile phone apps downloaded
• phone call records View our patent
• text messages sent and received
• Skype video calls

DB Impacting our lives
NSA Utah Data Center
• online purchases and auction transactions
• credit card/ debit card transactions
• financial information
• legal documents
• travel documents
• health records
• cable television shows watched and recorded
• commuter toll records
• electronic bus and subway passes / Smartpasses
• facial recognition data from surveillance cameras
• educational records
• arrest records
• driver license information

Data and Knowledge Management:
Application to other majors
• Accounting
• Marketing
• Finance
• Operations Management

DB Exercise
Create the entities you would need for a student registration system. Draw out how the tables may look and how they are related.

Next Class…
• Access Tutorial (bring yellow casebook)
• Bring your flash drive
• You will need to save your files either to a flash drive or your Timmy account