APPROACHES TO ASSESSMENT A/S
Knowledge
Application
Skills
2
3
and
Understanding
Question 1
a
5
b
8
2
10
c
7
3
10
15
7
3
25
2
3
5
Question 2
a
b
8
2
10
c
7
3
10
15
7
3
25
7
7
Question 3
a
b
4
c
2
6
4
8
8
4
15
10
APPROACHES TO ASSESSMENT A/S
a) SKILLS AND
APPLICATION OF
KNOWLEDGE AND
UNDERSTANDING
b) KNOWLEDGE AND
UNDERSTANDING
c) KNOWLEDGE AND
UNDERSTANDING
APPROACHES TO ASSESSMENT A/S
Key Question for
investigation
1.1 What are the world's
major climates and
how do they relate to
biomes?
Content



1.2 What are the temporal
patterns of climate
change?

1.3 What are the causes
of climate change.




The relationship
between weather
and climate.
An overview of the
global patterns of
climate
An overview of
biomes and their
relationship with
climate.
Short-term climate
change.
Long-term climate
change.
The evidence for
climate change.
The atmospheric
processes that result
in climate change.
The relative role of
environmental and
human factors in
recent climate
change.
Opportunities for
research and out-ofclassroom work
including fieldwork
Reference to 4.1 page 12
Interpretation of global
maps of climates and
biomes and an analysis of
their relationship.
Analysis and interpretation
of graphs showing cycles
of temperature variation
over short and long-term
time scales.
Analysis of evidence for
global warming – changes
in greenhouse gases.
Examination of sea level
change and retreat of
glaciers.
Analysis of human causes
of change in greenhouse
gases.
Suggested examples
Reference to 4.1 page 12
Links to other units
Introduction to biomes and
their relationship with
climate.
G3A.1,3
G4.1
El Nino/La Nina.
Effects on and NE
Australia and .
Little Ice Age.
G3A.3
Case study of a retreating
glacier and/or ice cap.
Different views and
attitudes on the causes of
climate change – natural
cycles versus human
impacts
G4.3
G3A.3
APPROACHES TO ASSESSMENT A/S
Key Question for
investigation
1.4 What are the issues
resulting from climate
change?
Content





1.5 What strategies can
be used to address
climate change?

i.
ii.
iii.
1.6 How successful have
strategies been in
tackling climate
change?

Changing climates
and shifting climatic
belts and the effect
on biomes.
Increasing levels of
extreme weather
and the impacts on
human activities.
Rising sea levels
and their impact on
people.
The variation of
these impacts in
different regions.
The impacts of
climate change on
society.
Strategies to
address climate
change
at international level;
by government
action;
by pressure groups
and by individuals.
Evaluation of
attempts to reduce
climate change.
Opportunities for
research and out-ofclassroom work
including fieldwork
Reference to 4.1 page 12
Research into the impacts
of global warming on
different countries and
regions.
Analysis of extreme
events, and how these
impact on people.
Examination of the impact
of global warming on the
operation of societies.
Suggested examples
Reference to 4.1 page 12
Hurricanes, drought.
Growth of vines in
Northward movement of
butterfly distributions in .
The Inuit.
Links to other units
G3A.2a
G4.1, 2
Collection and analysis of
literature produced by a
variety of organisations.
Study of the methods used
to combat global warming
at a variety of scales from
global to local.
The work of IPCC.
Contrasting government
policies.
Local policies – Keep
Leicester Cool; Carbon
Neutral Newcastle.
G4.3
Critical evaluation of
evidence that examines
the relative success of
strategies.
Critical examination of the
Kyoto Protocol.
G3A.3
APPROACHES TO ASSESSMENT A/S
 FIND THE
RESOURCE
Photos
Maps
Diagrams
Newspapers
Graphs
Hurricanes to wreak havoc
on London insurance
market
By Cliff Feltham
Friday, 26 September 2008
APPROACHES TO ASSESSMENT A/S
A skills question – not passed by QPEC
a) Use Figure 1 to describe the projected
annual mean precipitation change
between 1980-1999 and 2080-2099.
Looking for:
• identification of pattern
• use of the data on the map
Increase in rainfall on South Island (1)
over 15% in southwest (1). Areas of
decrease on west coast (1) -2.5 % and
Above (1)
Have to consider mark given (5) – about 6
minutes plus time to analyse resource
APPROACHES TO ASSESSMENT A/S
A skills question – not passed by
QPEC
a) Use the information in the
diagram to describe the potential
impact of rising sea level in
Banjul.
Looking for:
Impact of varying sea level rises
Impact on different aspects –
transport, urban features, natural
features, economics.
Up to 2 marks for a developed point
APPROACHES TO
ASSESSMENT A/S
A skills question – not passed by QPEC
a) Use the information in Figure 1 to
describe how individuals can address
climate change.
Looking for
Methods of energy saving
Levels of energy saving
Target setting
2 marks for developed answer
The largest amount of energy consumption
is from electric stoves with 8,500 watts. (2)
Energy can be saved in cooking by turning
down heat once food starts boiling (1)
APPROACHES TO ASSESSMENT A/S
1.2
What are the temporal patterns of climate change?
Describe and explain long term patterns of climate change. (10)
• Looking for knowledge and understanding.
• Knowledge of the long term patterns of climate change and understanding of
the processes that lead to these patterns.
• Knowledge of examples.
• What are the patterns that would be accepted?
 Glacial cycles
 Little Ice Age and Medieval Warm Period
• What are the characteristics of the patterns?
 Patterns of temperature, accumulation of ice, storminess, aridity,
length of seasons
APPROACHES TO ASSESSMENT A/S
•





What are the acceptable explanations?
Sun spot activity
Volcanic activity
Milankovitch cycles
Surface albedo
Ocean currents
Level 1
0-3marks
Superficial knowledge of patterns of climate change.
Superficial understanding of causes of patterns of climate change.
Little use of examples
Level 2
4-7 marks
Some depth to knowledge of patterns of climate change and their
causes.
Examples are evident
Knowledge and discussion is detailed and developed.
Good use of examples
Level 3
8-10 marks
APPROACHES TO ASSESSMENT A/S
APPROACHES TO ASSESSMENT A/S
Discuss how two pieces of evidence that suggest recent climate
change.
APPROACHES TO ASSESSMENT A/S
1.4 What are the issues resulting from climate change?
Global shifts of climate and biomes - global view for example tropics :
http://www.nature.com/ngeo/journal/v1/n1/full/ngeo.2007.38.html
- national view for example South
Africa
http://www.grida.no/publications/vg/africa/page/3120.aspx
- ecosystem approach for example
coral
http://www.bbc.co.uk/climate/impact/coral.shtml
Outline the impacts of climate change
APPROACHES TO ASSESSMENT A/S
Extreme weather:
Examine a region – Britain
http://www.independent.co.uk/environment/climatechange/extreme-conditions-whats-happening-to-our-weather463286.html
Extreme conditions: What's
happening to our weather?
This summer is set to be the
wettest ever. It's the latest in a
series of broken records which
suggest climate change is here
already.
By Michael McCarthy
Tuesday, 28 August 2007
Examine a
weather
event
APPROACHES TO ASSESSMENT A/S
Outline the possible impacts of
rising sea level on people
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Agriculture
Fishing
Transport
Water supply
Population displacement
Deaths
Urban
Disease
APPROACHES TO ASSESSMENT A/S
http://www.greenfacts.org/en/arctic-climate-change/index.htm
Explain two impacts of climate change on society
Community
Economy
What are the
characteristics of climate
change?
Transport
Culture
How do they impact
upon society?
Settlement
Health
How is this illustrated in
the chosen example
APPROACHES TO ASSESSMENT A/S
What are the characteristics of a good answer in Q1 and Q2?
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Understanding of concepts and processes - tectonic processes, impact of
volcanoes on climate etc
Knowledge of factual information – short term patterns of climate change,
government strategies to overcome climate change etc
Use of case studies – impact of sea level change on Bangladesh, impacts of Mt.
Unzen etc
Application of information to the question set – use of the command words,
selection of the correct information from taught and learned material etc
Structure to the answer – paragraphs addressing elements of the question, logical
progression
Good spelling, punctuation and grammar
Development of knowledge and concepts in appropriate detail
Good use of diagrams where appropriate
Use of geographical terminology
APPROACHES TO ASSESSMENT A/S
Question 3 – Assessing enquiry
APPROACHES TO ASSESSMENT A/S
a
Resource based question –
map, photo, table, graph,
GIS, satellite images,
report, interview
transcript etc.
b
c
Application of the enquiry
method – link to resource
that can be used as
stimulus.
Examination of one
element of the enquiry
method that has been
completed by the student.
Question structure
APPROACHES TO ASSESSMENT A/S
Year
a)
Use Figure 3 to
compare the
change in
emissions
between energy
and waste. (7)
Looking for
• identification of
patterns and trends
• Comparative
comment
• Use of data
Absolute change in emissions from 1990 (mega tonnes) (Mt)
Total
emissions
Energy
Industrial
Processes
Solvents
1990
0.00
1991
Waste
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.4
0.3
0.3
0.0
-0.2
0.0
1992
2.1
2.0
0.4
0.0
-0.3
0.0
1993
1.7
1.3
0.3
0.0
0.0
0.0
1994
2.1
1.6
0.0
0.0
0.6
0.0
1995
2.6
1.4
0.1
0.0
1.2
-0.2
1996
4.3
2.5
0.3
0.0
1.7
-0.2
1997
6.5
4.9
0.0
0.0
1.8
-0.2
1998
5.5
3.5
0.3
0.0
2.0
-0.3
1999
7.2
4.8
0.4
0.0
2.4
-0.4
2000
8.4
5.3
0.3
0.0
3.2
-0.4
2001
11.2
7.3
0.6
0.0
3.8
-0.4
2002
11.7
7.3
0.8
0.0
4.2
-0.5
2003
13.8
8.9
1.1
0.0
4.4
-0.5
2004
13.2
8.1
0.9
0.0
4.8
-0.6
2005
15.3
9.9
1.0
0.0
4.9
-0.6
Agriculture
APPROACHES TO ASSESSMENT A/S
b) Outline and justify different methods of presenting the data shown in the
table. (8)
Looking for
• Selection of appropriate methods of presenting the data – line graph, pies,
bar charts etc
• Description of the methods and how they could present the data –
diagrams
• Justification of the method – change over time, comparison of
contribution in different years
APPROACHES TO ASSESSMENT A/S
Question 3 (c)– Assessing enquiry
APPROACHES TO ASSESSMENT A/S
FIGURE 3 Present day distribution
and thickness of ash erupted from
the Okataina Volcanic Centre 9000
years ago. Thickness in centimetres.
a) Describe the pattern of
distribution of ash thickness
shown in Figure 3 (7)
Looking for:
• Shape
• Trend
• Use of data from map
• Use of scale and direction
b) Outline a suitable method of sampling that could be used to collect data on
variations in the depth of ash around a volcano. (8)
Possible content - line/areal, sample size, systematic/random/stratified
APPROACHES TO ASSESSMENT A/S
Question 3 (c)– Assessing enquiry
APPROACHES TO ASSESSMENT A/S
HOW TO
REPRESENT THE
DATA
RESOURCE
LIMITATIONS
AND
STRENGTHS
DATA
COLLECTION
POSSIBLE
3(b)s
SAMPLING
OTHER DATA
TO COLLECT
HOW
TECHNIQUE
COULD BE
USED
APPROACHES TO ASSESSMENT A/S
Candidate preparation
Starters
What does it show?
Strengths and weaknesses
Ask a question about it from the enquiry method
APPROACHES TO ASSESSMENT A/S
Starters
What does it show?
Strengths and weaknesses
Ask a question about it from the enquiry method
APPROACHES TO ASSESSMENT A/S
Shifts in the distribution of cold and hot
weather
http://www.cdc.gov/climatechange/effects/heat.htm
•
•
•
•
Starters
What does it show?
Strengths and weaknesses
Ask a question about it from the enquiry
method
APPROACHES TO ASSESSMENT A/S
•
•
•
•
Starters
What does it show?
Strengths and weaknesses
Ask a question about it from the enquiry
method