Chapter 2 Lesson 4: Competing
for Colonies (day 1)
Explain the religious rivalry in Europe and
how this rivalry continued in the New
World. How did this religious conflict
impact colonization and competition?
Do Now:
• Descibe what you think this may be about and
who said it:
• “I know I have the body of a weak, feeble
woman; but I have the heart and stomach of a
king”
Religious Rivalries
• As we talked about in 2.3,
explorers’ main motivation for
exploration was gold (that
cheddah)
• Another motivation however
was to spread their Christian
faith.
• Christianity had two branches
at the time of exploration.
These two branches were
rivals.
The Great Schism (split)
• In 1517, Martin Luther
made a list of complaints
about abuses of the
Catholic Church and
NAILED THEM to the door
of the cathedral
– These were known as his 95
Theses (list of complaints)
(Video)
Luther ‘s 95 Theses (Complaints):
• Challenged authority of the
Pope (leader of Catholic
Church)
• Wanted to reform the
practices of the faith:
–Forgiveness through “faith
alone” not paying of
indulgences (video)
• Why we call this change the
REFORMATION
– (Because he was making
reforms)
PROTESTANTISM
• Look at the root word of Protestantism
• It is Protest
– What does it mean to protest?
• Protesting indulgences / the Pope
• “I got 95 theses but the Pope ain’t
one”
–(95 complaints about the
Church)
• We also call this change the
“Reformation”
– The root word of Reformation is
“Reform”
– What does it mean to reform?
Christianity: Two Branches
• Christianity- Split between:
– Catholic (old)- Spain,
Portugal, France
– Protestant (new)- England
and Holland (Dutch)
• Video
– The first explorers of the
New World were:
• Spain and Portugal- BOTH
WERE CATHOLIC
Conflict in Europe over religion
• England converted to Protestantism
• Neighboring Spain had a problem with that
• In 1585, Spain tried to invade England in order to
overthrow Protestantism
Defeat of Spanish Armada
– Spain sent its “Armada”
“Invincible Fleet”
• Easily the best navy in the world
– BUT THE SPANISH ARMADA WAS
DEFEATED BY ENGLAND.
– Queen Elizabeth to her troops: “I
know I have the body of a weak,
feeble woman; but I have the
heart and stomach of a king”
• What do you think this means for
England?
• What results might come about due
to this?
Defeat of the Spanish Armada
• Why this mattered:
– The defeat of Spain’s powerful navy
marked the end of Spanish control
of the seas (which was important in
establishing and protecting
colonies in the New World.)
– This leveled the playing field for
other nations to get into the colony
grabbing in the Americas.
• *This is when England founds its
colonies
• REVIEW: How did the Spanish Armada
enable England to create colonies in
the New World?
Closure Day 1
• Tweet the impact of the defeat of the Spanish
Armada #upset
• Think of another major upset (sports, politics,
etc) explain what it’s like to have a major
upset
PP 2.4 Competing for Colonies
(Day 2)
Explain the religious rivalry in Europe and
how this rivalry continued in the New
World. How did this religious conflict
impact colonization and competition?
Human Graph
• Some cultures are inferior to others
Human Graph
• Some religious beliefs are less correct than
others
Human Graph
• It’s okay to impose your beliefs on another
individual if your beliefs are more civilized (in
your opinion)
Spreading Faith
• Spain and France
– Tried to spread their Catholic
faith among Native
Americans
– England and Holland tried to
spread Protestantism to
Native Americans
– Make a prediction:
• What do you think will happen
as a result of Europeans
spreading their beliefs to
Native Americans?
• (video)
Competition and Spreading Faiths
• Observe the map (next slide) and make a
prediction as to what you think will happen to
the relationship between France and Britain
based on their religious difference and their
proximity (how close they are.)
Northwest Passage
• Something else that contributed
to competition among these
colonies was the race to
discover a Northwest Passage
• Remember, originally, explorers
were looking for a quicker route
to Asian markets.
– This was still highly desirable, and
so a Northwest Passage was
sought after.
Northwest Passage Explorers
• England
– John Cabot, 1497
• France
– Giovanni de Verrazano, 1524 (Verrazano Bridge)
• Explored eastern coast of modern US
– Jacques Cartier, 1535
• Sailed St. Lawrence River (discovered what is now Montreal)
• The Netherlands (Holland)
– Henry Hudson, 1609 (river/ bay named after him)
Review:
• Why did nations want to find a NW passage so
badly?
• Northwest Passage never found
French Colonies Compared to Spanish
• Spain
– Catholic
– Enslaved Nat Ams
– Farmed/ mined for $$$
– Settlements grew quickly
• France
– Catholic
– Worked and traded with Nat Ams
– Mainly traded (furs/ fish)
– Settlements grew slowly
Create a Venn Diagram
• Compare and contrast Spanish and French
colonies
The Dutch Colonies
• Protestant
• Created “Dutch
West India
Company” to run its
trade between
Americas and Africa
• Heart of Dutch
colony was “New
Amsterdam”
– Later became New
York (later bought by
British)
Closure: Review Discussion
• Which nations were Protestant/ Catholic?
• Why was the defeat of the Spanish Armada
significant for England?
• How did the French attitude toward the
Native Americans differ from that found in the
Spanish colonies?
• How did religious rivalry impact colonization
and competition?