2012 IRS Tax Updates and
Current Developments.
Presented by …
Raul O. Serrano, Jr. C.P.A.
www.SerranoCPA.net
Congress at the 13th hour,
preserved most of the George W.
Bush-era cuts and extended many
other lapsed provisions.
The American Taxpayer Relief Act, H.R. 8
Individual Changes:
Income Tax Rates:
All of the individual marginal rates under Economic
Growth & tax Relief Reconciliation Act of 2001
(EGTRRA) & Jobs and growth tax relief
reconciliation act of 2003 (JGTRRA) were retained.
10%, 15%, 25%, 28%, 33%, and 35%). A new rate of
39.6% is imposed on taxable income over $400,000
for single filers, $425,000 for head of household
filers, and $450,000 for married taxpayers filing
jointly. ($225,000 for each married spouse filing
separately).
Individual Changes:
Phase-out of itemized deductions
& personal exemptions:
The personal exemptions and itemized
deductions phase-out is reinstated at a
higher threshold of $250,000 for single
taxpayers, $275,000 for head of household,
& $300,000 for married taxpayers filing
jointly.
Individual Changes:
Capital Gains & Dividends
A 20% rate applies to capital gains and
dividends for individuals above the top
income tax bracket threshold; the 15%
rate is retained for taxpayers in the middle
brackets. The zero rate is retained for
taxpayers in the 10% and 15% brackets.
Individual Changes:
Alternative Minimum Tax
The exemption amount for the AMT on
individuals is permanently indexed for
inflation. For 2012, the exemption
amounts are $78,750 for married
taxpayers filing jointly and $50,000 for
single filers. Relief from nonrefundable
credits is retained.
Individual Changes:
Estates & Gift Tax
The estate & gift tax exclusion is retained at
$5 million indexed for inflation (5.12 million
for 2012), but the top tax rate increases from
35% to 40% effective January 1, 2013. The
estate tax “portability” election, under which,
if an election is made, the surviving spouse’s
exemption amount is increased by the
deceased spouse’s unused amount, was made
permanent by the act.
Individual Changes:
Not Extended
Among the tax items not addressed by
the act was the temporary lower 4.2%
rate for employees’ portion of the
Social Security payroll tax, which was
not extended & has reverted to 6.2%.
New Taxes
3.8 % Medicare Contribution Tax
“unearned income Medicare contribution” taxes on higherincome individuals, estate and trusts.
• Taking effect immediately on January 1, 2013
• The Medicare surtax will be imposed on the
taxpayer’s “net investment income” (NII) and
will generally apply to passive income.
• The Medicare surtax will also apply to capital
gains from the disposition of property.
3.8 % Medicare Contribution Tax
“unearned income Medicare contribution” taxes on higherincome individuals, estate and trusts.
The Medicare tax will not apply to:
• Income derived from trade or business
• Sale of property used in a trade or business
The Medicare surtax will apply to the lesser of
the taxpayer’s NII or the amount of “modified”
adjusted gross income above a specified
threshold.
3.8 % Medicare Contribution Tax
“unearned income Medicare contribution” taxes on higherincome individuals, estate and trusts.
Specified Thresholds:
• $250,000 for married taxpayers filing
jointly or a surviving spouse;
• $125,000 for married taxpayers filing
separately; and
• $200,000 for single and head of
household taxpayers.
What is included in Net Investment Income?
•
•
•
•
•
•
Interest
Dividends
Capital gains
Rental and royalty income
Non-qualified annuities,
Business that are passive activities to the
taxpayer( within the meaning of IRC
section 469)
To calculate your NII, your investment
income is reduced by certain expenses …
Such as:
• Investment interest expense
• Investment advisory and brokerage fees
• Expenses related to rental and royalty income
• And, state and local income taxes properly
allocable to items included in Net Investment
Income.
What are some common types of income
that are not Net Investment Income?
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Wages
Unemployment compensation
Operating income from a nonpassive business
Social security benefits
Alimony
Tax exempt interest
Self-employment income
Alaska permanent fund dividends
Distributions from certain qualified plans.
QUESTION:
Will I have to pay both the 3.8% NIIT and the
additional .9% Medicare tax? You may be subject
to both taxes, but not on the same type of income.
The .9% additional Medicare tax applies to
individuals’ wages, compensation and selfemployment income over certain thresholds, but it
does not apply to income items included in Net
Investment income.
The Net Investment income tax
will not apply to any gain that
is excluded from gross income
for regular income tax
purposes.
Example 1:
Does this tax apply to gain on the sale of a
personal residence?
A, a single filer, earns $210,000. In wages and sells his
principal residence that he has owned and resided in for
the last 10 years for $420,000.00. A’s cost basis in the
home is $200,000.00. A’s realized gain on the sale is
$220,000.00. Under IRC section 121, A may exclude up to
$250,000.00 of gain on the sale. Because this gain is
excluded for regular income tax purposes, it is also
excluded for purposes of determining Net Investment
Income. In this example, the Net investment income tax
does not apply to the gain from the sale of A’s home.
Example 2:
Taxpayer, a single filer, has wages of $180,000 and
$15,000 of dividends and capital gains. Taxpayer’s
modified adjusted gross income is $195,000,
which is less than the $200,000 statutory
threshold. Taxpayer is not subject to the Net
Investment income tax.
MAGI
$195,000
Threshold (200,000)
-----------Excess
0
=======
Example 3:
Taxpayer, a single filer, has $180,000 of wages.
Taxpayer also received 90,000 from a passive
partnership interest, which is considered NII.
Taxpayer’s MAGI is $270,000.
Taxpayer’s MAGI exceeds the statutory threshold
$200,000 for a single filer by $70,000. Taxpayer
owes NIIT of $2,660. (70,000 X 3.8%).
The NIIT is based on the lesser of $70,000(the
amount that taxpayer’s MAGI exceeds the $200,000
threshold) or $90,000(taxpayer’s NII).
Additional 0.9 Percent Medicare Tax
When does Additional Medicare Tax start?
Additional Medicare Tax applies to wages and
compensation above a threshold amount received
after December 31, 2012 and to self-employment
income above a threshold amount received in
taxable years beginning after December 31, 2012.
Additional 0.9 Percent Medicare Tax
What is the rate of Additional Medicare Tax?
The rate is 0.9 percent.
When are individuals liable for Additional
Medicare Tax?
An individual is liable for Additional Medicare Tax if
the individual’s wages, compensation, or selfemployment income exceed the threshold amount
for the individual’s filing status:
Additional 0.9 Percent Medicare Tax
Filing Status
Threshold Amount
Married filing jointly
$250,000
Married filing separately
$125,000
Single
$200,000
Head of household (with
qualifying person)
$200,000
Qualifying widow(er) with
dependent child
$200,000
Additional 0.9 Percent Medicare Tax
What wages are subject to Additional
Medicare Tax?
All wages that are currently subject to Medicare Tax
are subject to Additional Medicare Tax if they are
paid in excess of the applicable threshold for an
individual’s filing status. For more information on
what wages are subject to Medicare Tax, see the
chart, Special Rules for Various Types of Services
and Payments, in section 15 of Publication 15,
(Circular E), Employer’s Tax Guide.
Additional 0.9 Percent Medicare Tax
Are nonresident aliens and U.S. citizens
living abroad subject to Additional Medicare
Tax?
There are no special rules for nonresident
aliens and U.S. citizens living abroad for
purposes of this provision. Wages, other
compensation, and self-employment income
that are subject to Medicare tax will also be
subject to Additional Medicare Tax if in excess
of the applicable threshold.
Additional 0.9 Percent Medicare Tax
Additional Medicare Tax goes into effect for
taxable years beginning after December 31,
2012; however, the proposed regulations
(REG-130074-11) are not effective until after
the notice and comment period has ended
and final regulations have been published in
the Federal Register. How will this affect
Additional Medicare Tax requirements for
employers, employees, or self-employed?
Additional 0.9 Percent Medicare Tax
Additional Medicare Tax applies to wages,
compensation, and self-employment income
received in tax years beginning after December 31,
2012. Taxpayers must comply with the law as of
that date. With regard to specific matters discussed
in the proposed regulations, taxpayers may rely on
the proposed regulations for tax periods beginning
before the date that the final regulations are
published in the Federal Register. If any
requirements change in the final regulations,
taxpayers will only be responsible for complying
with the new requirements from the date of their
publication.
Additional 0.9 Percent Medicare Tax
Will Additional Medicare Tax be withheld from
an individual's wages?
An employer must withhold Additional Medicare Tax
from wages it pays to an individual in excess of $200,000
in a calendar year, without regard to the individual’s
filing status or wages paid by another employer. An
individual may owe more than the amount withheld by
the employer, depending on the individual’s filing status,
wages, compensation, and self-employment income. In
that case, the individual should make estimated tax
payments and/or request additional income tax
withholding using Form W-4, Employee's Withholding
Allowance Certificate.
Additional 0.9 Percent Medicare Tax
Can I request additional withholding
specifically for Additional Medicare Tax?
No. However, if you anticipate liability for Additional
Medicare Tax, you may request that your employer
withhold an additional amount of income tax
withholding on Form W-4. The additional income tax
withholding will be applied against your taxes shown
on your individual income tax return (Form 1040),
including any Additional Medicare Tax liability.
Additional 0.9 Percent Medicare Tax
Will I need to make estimated tax payments
for Additional Medicare Tax?
If you anticipate that you will owe Additional Medicare
Tax but will not satisfy the liability through Additional
Medicare Tax withholding and did not request additional
income tax withholding using Form W-4, you may need
to make estimated tax payments. You should consider
your estimated total tax liability in light of your wages,
other compensation, and self-employment income and
the applicable threshold for your filing status when
determining whether estimated tax payments are
necessary.
Additional 0.9 Percent Medicare Tax
Will individuals calculate Additional Medicare
Tax liability on their income tax returns?
Yes. Individuals liable for Additional Medicare Tax will
calculate Additional Medicare Tax liability on their
individual income tax returns (Form 1040).
Individuals will also report Additional Medicare Tax
withheld by their employers on their individual tax
returns. Any Additional Medicare Tax withheld by an
employer will be applied against all taxes shown on
an individual’s income tax return, including any
Additional Medicare Tax liability.
Additional 0.9 Percent Medicare Tax
Will an individual owe Additional Medicare Tax on all
wages, compensation, and/or self-employment income
or just the wages, compensation, and/or selfemployment income in excess of the threshold for the
individual’s filing status?
An individual will owe Additional Medicare Tax on
wages, compensation, and/or self-employment income
(and that of the individual’s spouse if married filing
jointly) that exceed the applicable threshold for the
individual’s filing status. For married persons filing jointly
the threshold is $250,000, for married persons filing
separately the threshold is $125,000, and for all others
the threshold is $200,000.
Additional 0.9 Percent Medicare Tax
If my employer withholds Additional Medicare Tax
from my wages in excess of $200,000, but I won't owe
the tax because my spouse and I file a joint return and
we won't meet the $250,000 threshold for joint filers,
can I ask my employer to stop withholding Additional
Medicare Tax?
No. Your employer must withhold Additional Medicare
Tax on wages it pays to you in excess of $200,000 in a
calendar year. Your employer cannot honor a request to
cease withholding Additional Medicare Tax if it is
required to withhold it. You will claim credit for any
withheld Additional Medicare Tax against the total tax
liability shown on your individual income tax return
(Form 1040).
Additional 0.9 Percent Medicare Tax
What should I do if I have two jobs and neither
employer withholds Additional Medicare Tax, but the
sum of my wages exceeds the threshold at which I will
owe the tax?
If you anticipate that you will owe Additional Medicare
Tax but will not satisfy the liability through Additional
Medicare Tax withholding (for example, because you will
not be paid wages in excess of $200,000 in a calendar
year by an employer), you should make estimated tax
payments and/or request additional income tax
withholding using Form W-4. For information on making
estimated tax payments and requesting an additional
amount be withheld from each paycheck, see
Publication 505, Tax Withholding and Estimated Tax.
Additional 0.9 Percent Medicare Tax
Are wages that are not paid in cash, such as
fringe benefits, subject to Additional
Medicare Tax?
Yes, the value of taxable wages not paid in cash, such
as noncash fringe benefits, are subject to Additional
Medicare Tax, if, in combination with other wages,
they exceed the individual’s applicable threshold.
Noncash wages are subject to Additional Medicare
Tax withholding, if, in combination with other wages
paid by the employer, they exceed the $200,000
withholding threshold.
Additional 0.9 Percent Medicare Tax
Are tips subject to Additional Medicare
Tax?
Yes, tips are subject to Additional Medicare Tax, if, in
combination with other wages, they exceed the
individual’s applicable threshold. Tips are subject to
Additional Medicare Tax withholding, if, in
combination with other wages paid by the employer,
they exceed the $200,000 withholding threshold.
Additional 0.9 Percent Medicare Tax
When must an employer withhold Additional
Medicare Tax?
The statute requires an employer to withhold Additional
Medicare Tax on wages it pays to an employee in excess
of $200,000 in a calendar year, beginning January 1,
2013. An employer has this withholding obligation even
though an employee may not be liable for Additional
Medicare Tax because, for example, the employee’s
wages together with that of his or her spouse do not
exceed the $250,000 threshold for joint return filers. Any
withheld Additional Medicare Tax will be credited
against the total tax liability shown on the individual’s
income tax return (Form 1040).
Additional 0.9 Percent Medicare Tax
Is an employer liable for Additional Medicare Tax
even if it does not withhold it from an employee’s
wages?
An employer that does not deduct and withhold
Additional Medicare Tax as required is liable for the
tax unless the tax that it failed to withhold from the
employee’s wages is paid by the employee. Even if
not liable for the tax, an employer that does not
meet its withholding, deposit, reporting, and
payment responsibilities for Additional Medicare Tax
may be subject to all applicable penalties.
Additional 0.9 Percent Medicare Tax
Is an employer required to notify an employee
when it begins withholding Additional Medicare
Tax?
No. There is no requirement that an employer notify
its employee.
Is there an “employer match” for Additional
Medicare Tax (as there is with the regular Medicare
tax)?
No. There is no employer match for Additional
Medicare Tax.
Additional 0.9 Percent Medicare Tax
May an employee request additional withholding
specifically for Additional Medicare Tax?
No. However, an employee who anticipates liability
for Additional Medicare Tax may request that his or
her employer withhold an additional amount of
income tax withholding on Form W-4. This additional
income tax withholding will be applied against all
taxes shown on the individual’s income tax return
(Form 1040), including any Additional Medicare Tax
liability.
Additional 0.9 Percent Medicare Tax
If an employee’s annual Medicare wages are
expected to be over $200,000, will an employer
withhold Additional Medicare Tax from the
beginning of the year or only after Medicare wages
are actually paid in excess of $200,000 year-todate?
An employer is required to begin withholding
Additional Medicare Tax in the pay period in which it
pays wages in excess of $200,000 to an employee.
Additional 0.9 Percent Medicare Tax
If a single payment of wages to an employee
exceeds the $200,000 withholding threshold, will an
employer withhold Additional Medicare Tax on the
entire payment?
No. Additional Medicare Tax withholding applies only
to wages paid to an employee that are in excess of
$200,000 in a calendar year. Withholding rules for
this tax are different than the income tax withholding
rules for supplemental wages in excess of $1,000,000
as explained in Publication 15, section 7.
Additional 0.9 Percent Medicare Tax
I have two employees who are married to each
other. Each earns $150,000, so I know that their
combined wages will exceed the threshold
applicable to married couples that file jointly. Do I
need to withhold Additional Medicare tax?
No. An employer should not combine wages it pays
to two employees to determine whether to withhold
Additional Medicare Tax. An employer is required to
withhold Additional Medicare Tax only when it pays
wages in excess of $200,000 in a calendar year to an
employee.
Additional 0.9 Percent Medicare Tax
What should an employer do if an employee receives wages that
are not paid in cash, such as taxable fringe benefits, from which
Additional Medicare Tax cannot be withheld?
If an employee receives wages from an employer in excess of
$200,000 and the wages include taxable noncash fringe benefits,
the employer calculates wages for purposes of withholding
Additional Medicare Tax in the same way that it calculates wages for
withholding the existing Medicare tax. The employer is required to
withhold Additional Medicare Tax on total wages, including taxable
noncash fringe benefits, in excess of $200,000. The value of taxable
noncash fringe benefits must be included in wages and the
employer must withhold the applicable Additional Medicare Tax and
deposit the tax under the rules for employment tax withholding and
deposits that apply to taxable noncash fringe benefits. Additional
information on how to withhold tax on taxable noncash fringe
benefits is available in Publication 15 (Circular E), section 5, and
Publication 15-B, section 4.
Additional 0.9 Percent Medicare Tax
If an employee receives tips and other wages in excess of $200,000 in
the calendar year, how is Additional Medicare Tax paid on the tips?
To the extent that tips and other wages exceed $200,000, an employer applies the
same withholding rules for Additional Medicare Tax as it does currently for Medicare
tax. An employer withholds Additional Medicare Tax on the employee’s reported tips
from wages it pays to the employee.
If the employee does not receive enough wages for the employer to withhold all the
taxes that the employee owes, including Additional Medicare Tax, the employee may
give the employer money to pay the rest of the taxes. If the employee does not give
the employer money to pay the taxes, then the employer makes a current period
adjustment on Form 941, Employer’s QUARTERLY Federal Tax Return (or the
employer’s applicable employment tax return), to reflect any uncollected employee
social security, Medicare, or Additional Medicare Tax on reported tips. However,
unlike the uncollected portion of the regular (1.45%) Medicare tax, the uncollected
Additional Medicare Tax is not reported in box 12 of Form W-2 with code B.
The employee may need to make estimated tax payments to cover any shortage.
TAX MATTERS
Self-employed can deduct Medicare Premiums,
IRS Chief Counsel Advises. Chief Counsel Advise
(CCA) 201228037 Clarifies an IRS position
allowing the deduction.
Taxpayers who failed to deduct Medicare
premiums for prior years within the statute of
limitation period may file amended returns to
claim the deduction.
TAX MATTERS
J. Martinez, T.C. Memo. 2012-356, December
59,298(M).
Noncustorial parent denied dependency
exemptions and child tax credits despite
marital settlement agreement entitling him to
both; children were not dependents in absence
of written declaration.
TAX MATTERS
IRS offers new penalty relief and expanded
installment agreements to taxpayers under expanded
fresh start initiative.
IR-2012-31, March 7, 2012.
Under the new fresh start provisions, part of a
broader effort started at the IRS in 2008, certain
taxpayers who have been unemployed for 30 days or
longer will be able to avoid failure to pay penalties.
In addition, the IRS is doubling the dollar threshold
for taxpayers eligible for installment agreements to
help more people qualify for the program.
TAX MATTERS
Penalty Relief:
The IRS announced plans for new penalty
relief for the unemployed on failure to pay
penalties which are one of the biggest
factors a financially distressed taxpayer
faces on a tax bill.
TAX MATTERS
To assist those most in need, a six month grace
period on failure-to-pay penalties will be made
available to certain wage earners and selfemployed individuals. The request for an
extension of time to pay will result in relief
from failure to pay penalty for tax year 2011
only if tax, interest and any other penalties are
fully paid by October 15, 2012.
TAX MATTERS
The penalty relief will be available to two
categories of taxpayers:
– Wage earners who have been unemployed at
least 30 consecutive days during 2011 or in 2012
up to the April 17 deadline for filing a federal tax
return this year.
– Self-employed individuals who experienced a
25% or greater reduction in business income in
2011 due to the economy.
TAX MATTERS
This penalty relief is subject to income limits. A
taxpayer’s income must not exceed $200,000 If
he or she files as married filing jointly or not
exceed $100,000 If he or she files single or
head of household. This penalty relief is also
restricted to taxpayers whose calendar year
2011 balance due does not exceed $50,000.
TAX MATTERS
Taxpayers meeting the eligibility criteria will need to
complete a new Form 1127A to seek the 2011 penalty relief.
The new form is available on IRS.gov.
The failure to pay penalty is generally half of 1 percent per
month with an upper limit of 25%. Under this new relief,
taxpayers can avoid that penalty until October 15, 2012.
However the IRS is still legally required to charge interest on
unpaid back taxes and does not have the authority to waive
this charge, which is currently 3 percent on an annual basis.
Even with new penalty relief available, you should file your
return on time to avoid the Failure to file penalty which is 5%
per month, also with a 25% cap.
Installment Agreements
• The fresh start provision also means that
more taxpayers will have the ability to use
streamlined installment agreements to catch
up on back taxes.
• The IRS announced that, effective
immediately, the threshold for using an
installment agreement without having to
supply the IRS with a financial statement has
been raised from $25,000 to $50,000. This is
a significant reduction in taxpayer burden.
Installment Agreements
• Taxpayers who owe up to $50,000 in back taxes will
now be able to enter into a streamlined agreement
with the IRS that stretches the payment out over a
series of months or years. The maximum term for
streamlined installment agreement has also been
raised to 72 months from the current 60-month
maximum.
• Taxpayers seeking installments exceeding $50,000 will
still need to supply the IRS with a collection
information statement (Form 433-A or 433-F).
Taxpayers may also pay down their balance due to
$50,000 or less to take advantage of this payment
option.
Installment Agreements
• An installment agreement is an option for those
who cannot pay their entire tax bills by the due
date. Penalties are reduced, although interest
continues to accrue on the outstanding balance. In
order to qualify for the new expanded streamlined
installment agreement, a taxpayer must agree to
monthly direct debit payments.
• Taxpayers can setup an I/A with the IRS by going to
the On-line payment agreement (OPA) page on
IRS.gov and following the instructions.
Offers in Compromise
• The IRS recognizes that many taxpayers are still
struggling to pay their bills so the agency has been
working to put in place more common-sense
changes to the OIC program to more closely reflect
real world situations.
• Example, The IRS has more flexibility with financial
analysis for determining reasonable collection
potential for distressed taxpayers.
• A series of short videos are available to familiarize
taxpayers and practitioners with the IRS collection
process. (IRS.gov).
When a taxpayer’s records are lost or
destroyed through circumstances beyond
the taxpayer’s control, the taxpayer is
entitled to substantiate deductions by
reconstructing expenditures through
credible evidence. However, a court is not
bound to accept unverified,
undocumented testimony of a taxpayer.
If the record provides sufficient evidence that a
taxpayer has incurred a deductible expense, but
the taxpayer is unable to adequately substantiate
the precise amount of the deduction to which he
or she is otherwise entitle, the court may
estimate the amount of the deductible expense
and allow the deduction to that extent, bearing
heavily against the taxpayer whose inexactitude
in substantiating the amount of the expense is of
his or her own making.
(Cohan v. Commissioner)
The court must have some basis upon which an
estimate may be made.
Federal Tax Day - Current,J.6,Debtor’s CDP Hearing
Request Tolled Look-Back Period; Tax Debts Not
Dischargeable (In re Lastra, BC-DC N.M.),(Dec. 28,
2012)
A debtor’s federal income tax liabilities were not
dischargeable in bankruptcy. Although the debtor
filed his returns more than three years prior to the
filing of his bankruptcy petition, his Collection Due
Process (CDP) hearing request tolled the three-year
look-back period and, therefore, the debtor’s petition
was filed before the three-year look-back period
ended.
In re P. Lastra, BC-DC N.M., 2013-1 USTC ¶50,116
Issues & Cases
Alan J. Harriet, MBA, CPA
Appeals Domestic Operations Technical Specialist
Self Employment Taxes for LLC Members
IRC Section 1402(a)(13)
Renkemeyer, Campbell, and Weaver, LLP v.
Commissioner, 136 T.C. No. 7 (2/9/2011)
Real Estate Professional
IRC Section 469(c)(7)
William Harnett, et ux v. Commissioner, T.C.
Memo 2011-191 (8/11/201), 110 A.F.T.R. 2d
2012-6628, 11th Circuit (11/14/2012)
Six Year Statute for 25% Omission of Income
IRC Section 6501(e)
United States v. Home Concrete and Supply,
LLC, 132 S.Ct. 1836 (4/25/2012)
Loss for Worthless Partnership Interests and
Abandonments – IRC Section 165
John C. and Deanna O. Echols v. Commissioner, 93 T.C.
No. 45, (11/6/1989), 935 F.2d 703, 5th Circuit
(7/15/1991)
Tejon Ranch Company and Subsidiaries v.
Commissioner, T.C. Memo 1985-207 (4/30/1985)
B. Philip and Emily K. Citron v. Commissioner, 97 T.C.
No. 12 (8/5/1991)
Guaranteed Payments
IRC Section 707(c)
Edward T. and Billie R. Pratt, et al v.
Commissioner, 64 T.C. 203, (5/8/1975), 550 F.2d
1023, 5th Circuit (4/14/1977)
Material Participation for LLC Members
IRC Section 469(h)(2)
Paul D. and Alicia Garnett v. Commissioner,
132 T.C. No. 14 (6/30/2009)
James R. Thompson v. United States, 87 Fed.
Claims 728 (7/20/2009)
Lee E. and Kathy H. Newell v. Commissioner,
T.C. Memo 2012-23 (2/16/2010)
Partnership Disguised Sales
IRC Section 707(a)
John H., Jr. and Bettye G. Otey v.
Commissioner, 70 T.C. 312 (5/23/1978)
Non-Acquiesce
Partnership Allocations
IRC Section 704
Stanley C. and Gerta E. Orrisch v.
Commissioner, 55 T.C. 395 (12/2/1970)