Chapter 1 Test Review
science
observing
way of learning about the natural
world
using one or more of your senses to
gather information
quaNtitative
observation
deals with Numbers, or amounts
qualitative
observation
deals with descriptions that cannot
be expressed in numbers
inferring
when you explain or interpret the
things you observe
predicting
making a statement or a claim about
what will happen in the future based
on past experience or evidence
classifying
the grouping together of items that
are alike in some way
evaluating
comparing observations and data to
reach a conclusion about them
making models
creating representations of complex
objects or processes
ex. math equations
skepticism
having an attitude of doubt
balanced by open-mindedness
ethics
rules that enable people to know right
from wrong
personal bias
bias that stems from person’s likes and
dislikes
cultural bias
bias that stems from the culture in which a
person grows up
experimental bias
mistake in the design of an experiment
that makes a particular result more likely
objective
making decisions and drawing conclusions
based on available evidence
subjective
making decisions and drawing conclusions
where personal feelings have been
entered
deductive reasoning
using general ideas and applying them to a
specific observation (decreasing)
inductive reasoning
using specific observations to make
generalizations
scientific inquiry
diverse ways in which scientists study the
natural world
hypothesis
possible answer to a scientific question
variable
factor that can change in an experiment
manipulated variable
factor that is purposely changed to test a
hypothesis
responding variable
factor that may change in response to a
manipulated variable
controlled experiment
experiment in which only one variable is
manipulated at a time
data
facts, figures, and other evidence gathered
through observation
scientific theory
well-tested explanation for a wide range of
observations
scientific law
statement that describes what scientists
expect to happen every time
ex. “all objects in the universe attract each
other”
faulty reasoning
honesty
open-mindedness
creativity
many trials
reasoning that can lead to faulty
conclusions
attitude used when reporting observations
and results
attitude that makes accepting new ideas
possible
attitude that helps scientists come up with
inventive ways to solve problems
needed before a hypothesis can be
accepted as true
conclusion
summary of what is learned from an
experiment
graph
tool that can help you interpret data
3 ways scientists
communicate their
results
publish articles, talk at meetings, and
interpret