Biology Final Exam Review Sheet 2012
Exam Date: Tuesday, June 19 2012
Time: 7:55 – 9:55 AM
Room Assignments:
Period 2:__________________
Period 3: __________________
Period 4: __________________
Period 5: __________________
Period 6: __________________
Materials to bring to the exam:
1. Multiple #2 Pencils, Erasers, Highlighters (if they help you)
2. Your Textbook (remove cover and all papers)
Notes:
The exam is entirely objective (multiple choice, T/F, matching)
Use the exam to help you answer questions you are having trouble with
You may write on the exam, so please try not to erase on the Scantron
Answer Sheet!
Chapter 4: Active and Passive Transport
Vocabulary:
Passive Transport, Concentration Gradient, Equilibrium, Diffusion, Osmosis,
Hypertonic/Hypotonic/Isotonic, Ion Channel, Carrier Protein, Facilitated Diffusion, Active
Transport, Sodium-Potassium Pump, Endocytosis, Exocytosis, Receptor Protein
Concepts:
Predict the direction of water movement into and out of the cell
Importance of ion channels in passive transport
Role of carrier proteins in facilitated diffusion
Relate concentration gradient, diffusion and equilibrium
Compare and contrast active and passive transport
Importance of sodium potassium pump
Distinguish between endocytosis and exocytosis
Chapter 6: Chromosomes and Cell Reproduction
Vocabulary:
Gametes, Binary Fission, Gene, Chromosome, Chromatid , Centromere, Homologous
Chromosomes, Diploid/Haploid, Zygote, Autosome/Sex Chromosome, Karyotype, Cell
Cycle, Interphase, Mitosis, Cytokinesis, Cancer, Spindles
Concepts:
Differentiate between a gene, DNA molecule, a chromosome and a chromatid
Differentiate between homologous chromosomes, autosomes and sex chromosomes
Compare haploid and diploid cells
How do changes in chromosome number affect development?
Major events in each of the 5 phases of the cell cycle
How is the cell cycle controlled in eukaryotic cells? How does this relate to cancer?
Major events in the 4 stages of mitosis
Differentiate between cytokinesis in plant and animal cells
Review karyotyping
Chapter 7: Meiosis and Sexual Reproduction
Vocabulary:
Meiosis, Crossing-over, Independent assortment, Spermatogenesis, Sperm, Oogenesis,
Ovum, Asexual Reproduction, Clone, Sexual Reproduction, Life cycle, Fertilization,
Sporophyte, Spore, Gametophyte
Concepts:
Major events that occur in meiosis
How do crossing-over, independent assortment and random fertilization related to
genetic variation?
Compare and contrast oogenesis and spermatogenesis
Differentiate between asexual and sexual reproduction
Types of asexual reproduction (3)
Advantages/Disadvantages to sexual/asexual reproduction
Three life cycles in eukaryotes (haploid/diploid/alternation of generations)
Chapter 8: Mendel and Heredity
Vocabulary:
Heredity, Genetics, Monohybrid cross, True-breeding, P generation, Allele
Dominant/Recessive, Homozygous/Heterozygous, Genotype/Phenotype, Law of
Independent Assortment, Punnett Square, Test cross, Sex-Linked/Incomplete
Dominance/Multiple Alleles/Codominance/Dihybrid, Pedigree
Concepts:
Father of Genetics/Original experiments
Why is pea plant a good subject for study?
Predict results of genetic crosses using Punnett squares
Use a test cross to determine the genotype of an organism with dominant phenotype
Analyze a pedigree
How do mutations cause genetic disorders?
Causes/symptoms of genetic disorders
Chapter 9: DNA: The Genetic Material
Vocabulary:
Vaccine, Virulent, Transformation, Bacteriophage, Double Helix, Nucleotide
Deoxyribose/Ribose, Base-pairing rules, Complementary base pair, DNA Replication,
DNA helicase, Replication fork, DNA polymerase
Concepts:
Frederick Griffith’s experiments and results
Oswald Avery’s experiments and results
Alfred Hershey and Martha Chase’s experiments and results
3 components of a nucleotide
Structure of DNA
Contributions of: Chargaff, Franklin/Wilkins in helping James Watson and Francis Crick
determine the structure of DNA
Process of DNA replication
How are errors dealt with during DNA replication?
Rate of replication
How do bacteriophages work?
Chapter 10: How Proteins are Made
Vocabulary:
Ribonucleic Acid (RNA), Uracil, Transcription, Translation, Gene expression, RNA
Polymerase, Messenger RNA (mRNA), Transfer RNA (tRNA), Ribosomal RNA (rRNA),
Codon/Anti-codon, Genetic Code, Silent Mutation, Point Mutation, Insertion Mutation,
Deletion Mutation
Concepts:
Compare and contrast DNA and RNA structure
Summarize transcription
Summarize translation
Relate the role of codons to the sequence of amino acids
How do mutations alter the genetic material?
How to use the genetic code (one will be provided on the test)
Chapter 13: The Theory of Evolution
**USE YOUR PACKET IN ADDITON TO THE TEXT BOOK**
Vocabulary:
Natural Selection, Species, Extinct, Theory of Evolution, Competition, Recombination,
Gametes, Mutation, Adaptations, Resistance, Pesticides, Artificial Selection, Selective
Breeding, Acquired Characteristics
Concepts:
Darwin’s proposal
Theory of Evolution
Competition
Heredity
Natural/Artificial Selection
Chapter 14; Classification of Organisms
**USE YOUR PACKET IN ADDITON TO THE TEXT BOOK**
Vocabulary:
Taxonomy, Binomial Nomenclature, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus,
Species, Derived Characteristic, Cladogram, Phylogenic Tree, Cladistics, Common
Ancestor, Taxonomy, Protists, Fungi, Bacteria, Archaebacteria, Dichotomous Key
Concepts:
Linnaeus’s role in developing naming system
Seven levels of biological classification
Scientific system for naming a species
“Reading” a cladogram/phylogenic tree
Most “popular” organisms in each kingdom
Chapter 5: Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration
**USE YOUR PACKET IN ADDITON TO THE TEXT BOOK**
Vocabulary:
Photosynthesis, Autotroph/Heterotroph, Cellular Respiration, Adenine Triphosphate
(ATP), Chlorophyll, Aerobic respiration, Anaerobic respiration
Concepts:
Flow of energy through living systems
Formula for photosynthesis
Formula for cellular respiration
Factors that affect the rate of photosynthesis
Lab Technique
Microscope Use
Blood Typing
Rules within a lab setting
Questions?
Come and see me!