Name ________________________________________ _/25
Earth, Moon, Sun Study Guide KEY
Words to Define
Gravity- the attractive force between objects; its strength depends on their masses and the distance between them.
Rotation- the spinning motion of a planet on its axis.
Revolution-the movement of an object around another object. Ex. The Earth’s revolution around the sun is one year.
Eclipse-happens when the moon’s shadow hits Earth or Earth’s shadow hits the moon
Solar Eclipse- when the moon passes directly in between the Earth and sun (new moon)
Lunar Eclipse- When Earth blocks sunlight from reaching the moon, turning it a yellow/ orange or fainter color
Tide- the difference in how much the moon’s gravity pulls on different parts of the Earth, affecting the water levels
Spring Tide- a tide with the greatest difference between consecutive low and high tides
Neap Tide-A tide with the least difference between consecutive low and high tides
Umbra- the darkest part of a shadow. Part of an eclipse’s shadow
Penumbra- the lighter part of a shadow. Part of an eclipse’s shadow.
Concepts to Know
1.
2.
3.
4.
How long is a day?____24 hours________
How long is a month? __29.5 days__________ (page 77 in notebook)
How often do we experience spring tides? ___2 times a month______
How often do we experience neap tides?__2 times a month ________
5. What are the eight phases of the moon? List them in the boxes below (page 77 in notebook)
First
quarter
Waxing
crescent
Waxing
gibbous
New moon
Full Moon
Waning
Gibbous
3rd quarter
Waning
Crescent
6.List and describe 4 features or characteristics of the moon. (80 and quiz)
- Marias- dark flat areas caused by ancient lava flows
- Highlands- high mountainous areas
- Craters- impacts caused by meteors
- extremes of temperature, doesn’t create its own light, fainter than the sun, Earth only has one moon, causes tides,
changes phase because of its revolution around the Earth
7.Draw a Solar Eclipse (Be sure to label the sun, moon, earth) (82)
8.Draw a Lunar Eclipse (Be sure to label the sun, moon, earth) (82)
9.What causes tides? (2 factors)
1. Gravitational pull of the Sun
2. Gravitational pull of the Moon
10.Draw a spring tide?
11.Draw a neap tide?
Look above
12.During what moon phases do spring tides occur? __new__________________________ and
___________full____________
13.How many tides occur in a 24 hour period?
___2__________ high tide
________2___ low tide
14.How many hours are between high and low tides? __6.25____
15.How long does the Earth take to complete one rotation on its axis?_____24 hours/ 1 day_________
16.How long does the Earth take to complete one revolution around the sun?_______365 days/1 year____________
17.What are topographic maps?
Topographic maps are 2D representations of 3D landforms/landscapes
18.What is the scale of this map?
50m
19.What do lines close together on a topographic map mean?
Steeper terrain (land)
20.What do lines far apart on a topographic map mean?
More gradual or sloping land