DESCRIBE 3 OBSERVATIONS ABOUT THE
MARINE SPONGE
• Hint : THE TEXTURE OF A SYNTHETIC SPONGE
IS SIMILAR TO A MARINE SPONGE
• WRITE OBSERVATIONS ON BOARD
SPONGES
INSTRUCTIONAL OBJECTIVES SPONGES
MARINE SPONGES
• SPONGES are 1. elastic 2. have many holes 3. all sponge parts
look alike 4. adult sponge is sessile-doesn’t move
• Sponges have several ADAPTATIONS that help them survive in the
marine environment
• Sponges are multicellular animals and are classified in kingdom
animal and phylum porifera (pore bearing)
•
GUESS THE AIM???
AIM: HOW ARE SPONGES ADAPTED TO THEIR
ENVIRONMENT?
• Tell story about ancient sponges/divers-museum exhibit
• ACTIVITY-LABEL WORKSHEET and DRAW ARROWS OF WATER FLOW
• DRAW and LABEL COLLAR CELL/CHOANOCYTE
SPONGE ANATOMY and WATER FLOW
SPONGE REVIEW IN LESSON
KEY QUESTIONS/VOCABULARY
• HOW DO SPONGES INGEST FOOD? EXCRETE WASTES? DIGEST FOOD?
BREATHE/RESPIRE? DEFEND ITSELF? REPRODUCE/GENDER TYPE?
• VOCABULARY 1. amebocyte-undifferentiated cell
• 2. CHOANOCYTE-collar cell
• HOW DO COLLAR CELLS WORK? 1. flagella beat in unison creating current of water
into ostia and through collar cells 2. collar captures food particles in water 3. food
vacuole within cell digests food
SPONGE STRUCTURE FUNCTION
CHART
structure
ostia
osculum
Collar cells
Ectoderm
Endoderm
spicules
function
CREATE STRUCTURE FUNCTION
CHART
Sponge Structure
FUNCTION and explanation
OSTIA(small pores)
Ingestion-filter feed micro food particles out of water
OSCULUM-located on top
Excretion-eliminate waste
COLLAR CELLS-located within
central cavity(have flagella)
Digestion-food vacuole with enzymes
Filter feeding- flagella beating brings food in
Ectoderm- outer cell layer
Respiration-exchange of Oxygen and Carbon dioxide for energy
Endoderm-inner cell layer
spicules
Structure and defense against predators
HOW DO SPONGES REPRODUCE?
• HOW DO I MAKE BABIES?
HOW DO SPONGES REPRODUCE?
• GENDER-HERMAPHRODITES-being both male and female. Can switch back and forth
making eggs and sperm. Can change sex
• Asexual-budding or regeneration, small piece breaks off and grows. Identical DNAexact clone. 1 parent
• Sexual-2 parents. Sperm and egg form zygote, external fertilization and external
development
• How do sponges know when to release gametes simultaneously? Environmental
cues like temperature, PH…..
WHY ARE SPONGES CONSIDERED TO BE
SIMPLE MULTICELLULAR ORGANISMS?
WHY ARE SPONGES CONSIDERED TO BE SIMPLE,
MULTICELLULAR ANIMALS?
• The sponge is a simple animal because they have no
organs(2 cell layers) which are the ectoderm and
endoderm. The sponge lacks any specialization.
• Comparatively most animals have organs which is
third germ layer.
SUMMARY
• The sponge is a simple pore-bearing, filter
feeding, multicellular organism that is
composed of two layers of (mostly
unspecialized cells). The sponge is classified in
phylum porifera.
SPONGE EXIT QUIZ
• 1. T or F. Correct for full credit
Sponges use collar cells for locomotion.
• 2. Describe in detail how sponges ingest food? Include
diet.
• 3. Sponges excrete waste using its:
A. Ostia B. choanocytes C. osculum D. spicules
• 4. Why are sponges considered to be simple, multicellular
animals?