Comparing the Original and the Revised Versions
Benjamin Bloom (1956) developed a classification of
levels of intellectual behavior in learning. This taxonomy
contained three overlapping domains:
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the cognitive =intellectual
psychomotor =physical skills (movement)
affective =emotional
Within the cognitive domain, he identified six levels:
 Knowledge
 Comprehension
 Application
 Analysis
 Synthesis
 Evaluation
 These domains and levels are still useful today as you
develop the critical thinking skills of your students.
Visual Representation of Bloom’s Taxonomy
http://ww2.odu.edu/educ/roverbau/Bloom/blooms_taxonomy.htm
During the 1990's a new group of cognitive
psychologists, lead by Bloom’s former student, Lorin
Anderson, updated the taxonomy using similarly
termed levels:
 Remembering
 Understanding
 Applying
 Analyzing
 Evaluating
 Creating
Visual Representation of the Revised Taxonomy
http://ww2.odu.edu/educ/roverbau/Bloom/blooms_taxonomy.htm
Comparing the Original vs. Revised
Bloom’s Original
Revised
Note the change from nouns to verbs associated with each level.
Defining the Terms
 Knowledge  Remembering
 The learner must recall information (i.e. bring to mind
the appropriate material).
 Comprehension  Understanding
 The learner can put information into her/his own words,
translating and interpreting it.
 Application  Applying
 The learner uses abstractions (e.g. ideas) in particular
and concrete situations.
Defining the Terms
 Analysis  Analyzing:
 The learner can break down a communication into its
constituent elements or parts.
 Synthesis  Evaluating:
 The learner makes judgments about the value of
material or methods for a given purpose.
 Evaluation  Creating:
 The learner puts together elements or parts to form a
whole.
How this is expressed in the classroom:
Representative words and questions to ask
Remembering
 Representative Words:

Define, recall, select, label, recite, point out, list, record,
reproduce, name, repeat, memorize
 Sample Questions:

What happened after...? How many...? Who was it that...?
Can you name the...? Describe what happened at...? Who
spoke to...? Can you tell why...? Find the meaning of...?
How this is expressed in the classroom:
Representative words and questions to ask
Understanding
 Representative Words:

Describe, outline, translate, discuss, recognize, match,
explain, restate, tell, identify, select, summarize, indicate,
continue
 Sample Questions:

What do you think could have happened next...? Can you
provide an example of what you mean...? What was the main
idea...? Who was the key character...? What differences exist
between...?
How this is expressed in the classroom:
Representative words and questions to ask
Applying
 Representative Words:
 Apply, use, identify, demonstrate, construct, illustrate, show
how, explain, interpret, employ, select, dramatize
 Sample Questions:
 Do you know another instance where...? Could this have
happened in...? Can you group by characteristics such
as...? What factors would you change if...? Can you apply
the method used to some experience of your own...?
How this is expressed in the classroom:
Representative words and questions to ask
Analyzing
 Representative Words:

Analyze, distinguish, examine, compare/contrast, investigate,
categorize, identify, explain, separate, advertise
 Sample Questions:

Which events could have happened...? If ... happened, what
might the ending have been? How was this similar to...?
What was the underlying theme of...? What do you see as
other possible outcomes? Why did ... changes occur? Can you
explain what must have happened when...?
How this is expressed in the classroom:
Representative words and questions to ask
Evaluating
 Representative Words:

Judge, select, choose, decide, debate, verify, recommend,
assess, rate, determine
 Sample Questions:

Is there a better solution to...? Judge the value of... Can you
defend your position about...? Do you think ... is a good or a
bad thing? How would you have handled...? Do you
believe…?
How this is expressed in the classroom:
Representative words and questions to ask
Creating
 Representative Words:

Create, invent, compose, predict, plan, construct, design,
imagine, propose, devise
 Sample Questions:

Can you design a ... to ...? Can you see a possible solution
to...? If you had access to all resources how would you deal
with...? Why don't you devise your own way to deal with...?
How many ways can you...? Why not compose a song about...?
http://www.schrockguide.net/bloomin-apps.html
References
 Pyramid Images retrieved from:
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http://ww2.odu.edu/educ/roverbau/Bloom/blooms_taxonomy.htm
Terminology definitions retrieved from:
http://xnet.rrc.mb.ca/glenh/newpage83.htm
Representative words retrieved from:
http://wwild.coe.uga.edu/pptgames/resources/bloom_questions.pdf
Sample questions retrieved from:
http://iss.schoolwires.com/cms/lib4/NC01000579/Centricity/Domain/
1366/BloomQuestions_000.pdf
Cog and Wheel image retrieved from:
http://www.schrockguide.net/bloomin-apps.html